Tesis Completa Para Imprimir

8/11/2019 Tesis Completa Para Imprimir

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REPUBLICA BOLIVARIANA DE VENEZUELAUNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL EXPERIMENTAL

ROMULO GALLEGOSUNERG

APLICACIN DE LA TELERRADIOLOGA EN LOS SERVICIOSRADIOLGICOS DE LOS CENTROS DE DIAGNOSTICO

INTEGRAL Y DE ALTA TECNOLOGIA ENBARQUISIMETO ESTADO LARA

AutoraRusmin Obrion

CI: 7.!".""#Tutora:

C$rm%n En%i&$ M$r'nCI: 7.!(.)!*

ACARIGUA+ OCTUBRE DEL )##*


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Tr$b$,o Es-%i$/ &% 0r$&o -$r$ o-1$r $/ 1'1u/o &% T2nio Su-%riorUni3%rsi1$rio %n R$&io&i$0n4s1io

AutoraRusmin Obrion

CI: 7.!".""#Tutora:

C$rm%n En%i&$ M$r'nCI: 7.!(.)!*

ACARIGUA+ OCTUBRE DEL )##*


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Autora: Rusmin ObrionCI: 7.!".""#Tutora: C$rm%n En%i&$ M$r'nCI: 7.!(.)!*

Tr$b$,o &% Gr$&oAPROBADO %n nombr% &% /$ Uni3%rsi&$& N$ion$/ E5-%rim%n1$/R4mu/o G$//%0os 6UNERG+ -or %/ si0ui%n1% ,ur$&o %3$/u$&or. En /$ Ciu&$& &%A$ri0u$ $ /os )# &'$s &%/ m%s &% o1ubr% &% $8o )##*.

9999999999999999999999 99999999999999999999URADO EVALUADOR URADO EVALUADOR

CI : V; CI : V;

9999999999999999999999URADO EVALUADOR

CI : V;

ACARIGUA+ OCTUBRE DEL )##*.

iii


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DEDICATORIA

E/ -r%s%n1% 1r$b$,o %s &%&i$&o -rim%r$m%n1% $

DIOS TODOPODEROSO+ -oror1$/%?$ su>ii%n1% -$r$ on1inu$r

$&%/$n1%. Gr$i$s+ SEOR JESUS-or 1u $mor+-or 1u -r%s%ni$+ -or 1u -$?. To&$ /$ 0/ori$ -$r$ 1i

SEOR.

i3


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AGRADECIMIENTO

A DIOS@. Por $b%rm% &$&o s$/u&+ om-r%nsi4n+ 1o/%r$ni$+ %n1r%0$+ r%s-%1o+r%s-ons$bi/i&$& = $mor -$r$ /o0r$r mis ob,%1i3os = //%0$r $s1$ %s1% -un1o.

A mis i,os@ Los Amor%s m$s b%//o %sion$/.

A /$ UNERG -or -%rmi1irm% s%r -$r1% &% un$ 0%n%r$i4n &% 1riun>$&or%s = 0%n1%

-ro&u1i3$ -$r$ mi -$'s. A To&os $


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INDICE GENERAL Pg

APROBACION DEL URADO.......................................................................................... iiiDEDICATORIA.................................................................................................................. i3

AGRADECIMIENTO@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@. 3RESUMEN........................................................................................................................... 3iiINTRODUCCION................................................................................................................ CAPITULO

I EL PROBLEMAP/$n1%$mi%n1o &%/ -rob/%m$.............................................................................. Ob,%1i3os &% In3%s1i0$i4n................................................................................ 7us1i>i$i4n % im-or1$ni$. ............................................................................. !D%/imi1$i4n &%/ Es1u&io@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@.. @@

II REVISION BIBLIOGRAICA Y DOCUMENTALEs1u&ios Pr%3ios@@@@@@@@@@........................................................ #

As-%1os T%4rios@@..................................................................................... As-%1os L%0$/%s@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@.. ")

III MARCO METODOLOGICOTi-o &% In3%s1i0$i4n@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ "(Dis%8o &% /$ In3%s1i0$i4n@.......................................................................... "(Uni&$& &% An$/isis............................................................................................ "HLo$/i?$i4n = S%/%i4n &%/ M$1%ri$/ Doum%n1$/@..................................... "HPro%&imi%n1o.................................................................................................. "7T2ni$ &% An/isis &% /os r%su/1$&os@@....................................................... "!

IV RELE!IONES"@@@@@@@@..@@@@@@@@@@@@@@.. (#V CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES............................................. (

REERENCIAS@@@@@@@@................................................................................. ("

vi


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Autora: Rusmin Obrion

Tutora: C$rm%n En%i&$ M$r'nRESUMEN

E/ in1%r$mbio %>ii%n1% &% in>orm$i4n %n1r% /os -ro>%sion$/%s &% /$ s$/u&-u%&% $orr$r 1i%m-o = &in%ro+ $&%ms &% m%,or$r /$ %>%1i3i&$& /'ni$+ /$on1inui&$& = $/i&$& &% /$ $1%ni4n $s' omo /$ 0%s1i4n &% s%r3iios. L$T%/%rr$&io/o0'$ %s onsi&%r$&$+ %n %/ on1%51o 0%n%r$/+ omo /$ >orm$ &% in1%0r$rr%0ion$/m%n1% /$ r%& 1%/%m1i$ &% s$/u&+ %n>$1i?$n&o %n %/ -$-%/ orm$i4n &% %s1$s r%&%s 1%/%m1i$s. En %/ Es1$&o L$r$%5is1%n m$s &% ( C%n1ros &% Di$0nos1io In1%0r$/ 6CDI = &% A/1$ T%no/o0'$ 6CAT&is1ribui&os %n /os * Munii-ios &%/ Es1$&o+ %s1o r%-r%s%n1$ un$ o-or1uni&$& =

>or1$/%?$ -$r$ &%s$rro//$r /$ -ro-u%s1$ &% /$ 1%/%rr$&io/o0'$+ %s -or %//o io. P$r$ %//o s% %s1$b/%i4 omo uni&$& &% $n/isis /$ r%3isi4nbib/io0r>i$ $1u$/i?$&$ sobr% %/ 1%m$+ onsi&%r$n&o >u%n1%s &% &$1os s%un&$ri$somo /ibros+ $r1'u/os i%n1'>ios+ r%-or1% &% %5-%r1os = o1r$s r%3ision%sbib/io0r>i$s &% /$ /i1%r$1ur$ i%n1'>i$ u1i/i?$n&o /$s b$s%s &% &$1os &%/ LILACS+BIREME+ SCIELO = MEDLINE. Como r%su/1$&os &%/ $n/isis s% %non1r4


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1

INTRODUCCION

L$ T%/%rr$&io/o0i$ %s -rob$b/%m%n1% /$ >orm$ ms &%s$rro//$&$ &%1%/%m%&iin$. S% -u%&% &%>inir omo /$ 1r$nsmisi4n %/%1r4ni$ &% im0%n%s

r$&io/40i$s &% un$ /o$/i&$& $ o1r$ on %/ -ro-4si1o &% in1%r-r%1$r/$s o onsu/1$r un

&i$0n4s1io. Es1$ 1%no/o0'$ -%rmi1% un$ m$=or r$-i&%? %n /$ in1%r-r%1$i4n &% /$s

im0%n%s+ %/ $%so $ /$s onsu/1$s %s-%i$/i?$&$s = /$ m%,or$ &% /$ >orm$i4n

on1inu$&$. U1i/i?n&o/$ %n >orm$ $-ro-i$&$ /$ T%/%rr$&io/o0i$ m%,or$ %/ $%so $

s%r3iios r$&io/40ios &% $/i&$&+ $&%ms -%rmi1% ob1%n%r un b%n%>iio &ir%1o %n /$

$1%ni4n &% /os -$i%n1%s $ /os $i/i&$& 0r$n&%s b$s%s &% &$1os+ /$ u1i/i?$i4n &%

3irus o /$ -osibi/i&$& &% $/1%r$r %n on1%ni&o &% /$ in>orm$i4n. En u$/i$i4n &% /os usu$rios = /$

%nri-1$i4n &% /os &$1os no &i>i%r%n &% /os u1i/i?$&os %n o1ros $m-os.

En %s1% s%n1i&o+ /$ 1%no/o0'$ r%/$ion$&$ on /$ T%/%rr$&io/o0i$ %s1

su>ii%n1%m%n1% -rob$&$ = $%sib/% %s-%i$/m%n1% 0r$i$s $ /$ %5is1%ni$ &%

%s1n&$r%s $bi%r1os -$r$ %/software: DICOM: im0%n%s m%&i$s+ FL7: sis1%m$s &%

in>orm$i4n s$ni1$rios+ XLM: m%ns$,%s %n1r% sis1%m$s &% in>orm$i4n+ TCP;IP:

omuni$ion%s %n In1%rn%1+ = %s-%i$/m%n1% $ /$ inii$1i3$ //$m$&$ IFE 6In1%0r$1in0

F%$/1$r% En1%r-ris%) %r%n1%s %s%n$rios &%s$rro//$ &%mos1r$&or%s

onr%1os &% in1%ro-%r$bi/i&$& %n1r% 1o&os /os $0%n1%s im-/i$&os.

1


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2

En %s1% %n1orno sur0%n &% >orm$ n$1ur$/ nu%3os -/$n1%$mi%n1os = %s%n$rios

&% r%/$i4n -$r$ om-$r1ir /$ $1%ni4n %s-%i$/i?$&$ = -$r$ o-1imi?$r /os r%ursos

1%no/40ios+ 1$/ %s %/ $so &% /$ %s1r$1%0i$ &%/ %s1$&o on /$ -ro-u%s1$ &% B$rrio

A&%n1ro II %n %/ u$/ $ &%s$rro//$&o m$s &% "## C%n1ros &% Di$0nos1io In1%0r$/6CDI = D% A/1$ T%no/o0'$ 6CAT %n 1o&$ V%n%?u%/$. En %/ Es1$&o L$r$ %5is1%n (

CDI = un CAT ubi$&o %n /$ iu&$& &% B$r%rm%&$&%s.

P$r$ /o0r$r %/ ob,%1i3o %n1r$/ /$ -r%s%n1% in3%s1i0$i4n s% %s1ru1ur4 %n ino

$-'1u/os+ /os u$/%s s% &%1$//$n $ on1inu$i4n: C$-'1u/o I+ E/ -rob/%m$ i$ = Doum%n1$/+

&on&% s% -r%s%n1$n /os 1r$b$,os -r%3ios &%/ %s1u&io+ %/ &%s$rro//o &% /os $s-%1os

1%4rios inii4n &% 12rminos. C$-'1u/o III:

M%1o&o/o0'$+ &on&% s% &%srib% %/ 1i-o = &is%8o &% /$ in3%s1i0$i4n+ uni&$& &%

$n/isis+ /o$/i?$i4n = s%/%i4n &%/ m$1%ri$/ &oum%n1$/+ -ro%&imi%n1os

m%1o&o/40ios = %/ $n/isis &% /os &$1os. C$-'1u/o IV: R%>/%5ion%s sobr% %/ m$1%ri$/

in3%s1i0$&o. C$-'1u/o V: >in$/m%n1% s% -r%s%n1$n /$s r%om%n&$ion%s &%>ini1i3$s &%/

%s1u&io.


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3

CAPITULO I

EL PROBLEMA

P#a(t'a)*'(to +'# Pro$#')a

L$ T%/%rr$&io/o0i$ %s -rob$b/%m%n1% /$ >orm$ ms &%s$rro//$&$ &% /$

1%/%m%&iin$. D% $u%r&o $ /o %5-r%s$&o -or Donoso 6)##7+ s% -u%&% &%>inir /$

T%/%rr$&io/o0i$ Jomo /$ 1r$nsmisi4n %/%1r4ni$ &% im0%n%s r$&io/40i$s &% un$/o$/i?$i4n $ o1r$ on %/ -ro-4si1o &% in1%r-r%1$r/$s o onsu/1$r un &i$0n4s1ioK

-%rmi1i%n&o un$ m$=or r$-i&%? %n /$ in1%r-r%1$i4n &% /$s im0%n%s+ %/ $%so $ /$s

onsu/1$s s%un&$ri$s = /$ m%,or$ &% /$ >orm$i4n on1inu$&$ 6-.". U1i/i?n&o/$ %n

>orm$ $-ro-i$&$ /$ T%/%rr$&io/o0i$ &%b% s%r3ir -$r$ m%,or$r %/ $%so $ s%r3iios

r$&io/40ios &% $/i&$&+ $s' omo &% /$ >orm$i4n 12ni$ uni3%rsi1$ri$.

Por o1ro /$&o+ %s im-or1$n1% r%or&$r in$/m%n1%+ on /$ R$&io0r$>'$

Com-u1$ri?$&$ 6RC+ $ >$i/i1$&o ob1%n%r un 3$s1o $m-o &% %5-%ri%ni$s %n /$

0%s1i4n &ir%1$ &% /$s im0%n%s %n >orm$1o &i0i1$/.

En %s1% s%n1i&o+ /$ im$0%n &i0i1$/ ons1i1u=% o= &'$ un -$r$&i0m$ &%

r%orm$i4n+ 1$n1o -or sus $r$1%r's1i$s &%

r%so/ui4n %s-$i$/+ omo -or %/ 3o/um%n &% &$1os o nm%ro &% im0%n%s -or

%5-/or$i4n. Tr$smi1ir+ $/m$%n$r = 3isu$/i?$r im0%n%s $ ri1mos $%/%r$&os s%

on3ir1i4 %n 1o&o un r%1o $/


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4

im0%n%s &%s&% /os &%-$r1$m%n1os &% r$&io/o0'$+ $ &i3%rs$s r%$s &% onsu/1$.

In/usi3%+ %s1$ &i0i1$/i?$i4n &% im0%n%s -%rmi1% su 1r$nsmisi4n $ 0r$n &is1$ni$+

/o orm1i$ = &% /$s r%&%s &% omuni$i4n $ on&ui&o $ /$ mu/1i-/i$i4n &% /os

Sis1%m$s &% Ari3o = Comuni$i4n &% Im0%n%s R$&io/40i$s onoi&$s -or sus

si0/$s %n in0/%s omo 6PACS = $n si&o -rob$&os on %>%1i3i&$& %n muos

os-i1$/%s &% $si 1o&o %/ mun&o. Sin %mb$r0o+ no s% -u%&% 3%r un PACS omo un$

sum$ &% $-$r$1os in1%ron%1$&os+ sino ms omo un m%&io+ un on%-1o &%

in1%r$mbio &% in>orm$i4n b$s$&o %n im0%n%s+ soni&o = &$1os %n1r% m2&ios+

s%r3iios = os-i1$/%s. Es un on%-1o &% in1%0r$i4n &% /$ in>orm$i4n os-i1$/$ri$

$bi%r1o $/ mun&o &% /$ omuni$i4n mun&i$/. Es un nu%3o on%-1o mu/1im%&i$$-/i$&o $/ $mbi%n1% os-i1$/$rio.

L$ 1%no/o0'$ &% PACS+ s%0n M$1$ 6)###+ s% in1ro&u,o $ m%&i$&os &% /os $8os

!#+ -%ro no >u% r%$/m%n1% $s1$ %/ iniio &% /os $8os *# u$n&o r%$/m%n1% 1u3o su

m$&ur$i4n. Es1os 3i%ron su -rim%r$ ins1$/$i4n o-%r$1i3$ %n /os s%r3iios &%

&i$0n4s1io -or /$ im$0%n &% /$ Uni3%rsi&$& &% C$/i>orni$ %n /os n0%/%s $ /o /$r0o

&% /$ &2$&$ &% /os $8os !#. En $


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$r1%K r%$/ &% /$ 1%no/o0'$ in>orm1i$ = /$ ms om-/%1$ r%-r%s%n1$i4n om%ri$/

im$0in$b/% &% /os nu%3os -ro&u1os = s%r3iios &%/ s%1or.

En V%n%?u%/$ %s1$ 1%no/o0'$ $un %s1 mu= -oo &i>un&i&$ = n$&$ o $si n$&$

$-/i$&$ o &%s$rro//$&$ &%n1ro &%/ Sis1%m$ Pb/io N$ion$/ &% S$/u&+ sin %mb$r0o

so/o %n $/0unos %n1ros -ri3$&os &% $/1$ 1%no/o0'$ %s $-/i$&o $/0unos &% %s1os

$3$n%s. D%n1ro &%/ -ro%so &% r%>orm$s &% s$/u& %n %/ -$'s s% $ -/$n1%$&o un

inr%m%n1o %n /$ in3%rsi4n %n %s1% s%1or+ %s-%i$/m%n1% %n /$ -$r1% &% in>r$%s1ru1ur$

= %union$n uni&$&%s &% r$&io&i$0n4s1io.

En %s1% s%n1i&o+ /os C%n1ros &% Di$0nos1io In1%0r$/ m%,or onoi&os -or sus

si0/$s omo CDI son ins1i1uion%s &% s$/u& %%1i3$

1%no/o0'$ m2&i$+ on 0$r$n1'$ &% /os m%&i$m%n1os % insumos r%%rm%ros = 1%n4/o0os orm$ 1o1$/m%n1% 0r$1ui1$ -$r$ %/ -$i%n1% &% s%r3iios m2&ios =


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6

in3$si3o+ %n /$ r%%n s%r3iios %s-%i$/i?$&os &% Im$0%no/o0'$+ C$r&io/o0'$+

G$s1ro%n1%ro/o0'$ = L$bor$1orio C/'nio. En %s1% %n1ro s% brin&$n onsu/1$s = s%

r%$/i?$n om-/%m%n1$rios omo /$ R%son$ni$ M$0n21i$ 6RM+ Tomo0r$>'$

Com-u1$ri?$&$ 6TAC+ M$mo0r$>'$ &% R$=os X 6M5+ D%nsi1om%1r'$ s%$ 6D5+U/1r$soni&o Tri&im%nsion$/ 6US;D+ Vi&%o;En&oso-i$ 6VE = %5m%n%s &%

L$bor$1orio C/'nio union%s = s%r3iios+

si1u$i4n


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Cu$/%s son /$s &%bi/i&$&%s = >or1$/%?$s &% /os C%n1ros &% Di$0nos1io in1%0r$/ = &%

A/1$ 1%no/o0'$ -$r$ /$ $-/i$i4n &% /os -rini-ios &% /$ T%/%rr$&io/o0i$Q

P$r$ r%s-on&%r $ 1$/%s in1%rro0$n1%s &%/ %s1u&io s% -/$n1%$ron /os si0ui%n1%s ob,%1i3os:

O$,'t*&o% +' #a I(&'%t*ga-*(

O$,'t*&o G'('ra#

D%1%rmin$r /$ $-/i$bi/i&$& &% /$ T%/%r$&io/o0'$ %n /os s%r3iios r$&io/40ios &%

/os C%n1ro &% Di$0nos1io In1%0r$/ 6CDI = &% A/1$ T%no/o0'$ &% B$rorm$i4n in1r$os-i1$/$ri$ %n %/ r%$ &% /$r$&io/o0'$.

A&%ms %/ %s1u&io -%rmi1ir+ om-r%n&%r &% m$n%r$ 4-1im$ /$ r%u1i/i?$i4n &%

/os r%ursos os-i1$/$rios &is-onib/%s %n >uni4n &% /$ n%%si&$& &% im-/%m%n1$r

%s1r$1%0i$s -$r$ /$ o-1imi?$i4n &% r%ursos mu= os1osos omo /o %s /$ r$&io/o0'$+


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-rini-$/m%n1% %n r%$s m$r0in$/%s = rur$/%s+ &on&% /$ -osibi/i&$& &% on1r$1$r un

%s-%i$/is1$ %s m%nor+ = %/ os1o ms %/%3$&o. Por o1r$ -$r1%+ %/ on1$r on un s%r3iio

&% T%/%r$&io/o0'$ &% &i$0n4s1io -rim$rio &ur$n1% /$s )" or$s %n /os %n1ros &%

Di$0n4s1io In1%0r$/ 6CDI = /os 6CAT r%?$ s%r3iios $ ?on$s rur$/%s+&isminu=% onsi&%r$b/%m%n1% /os os1os &% /os s%r3iios &% s$/u&+ -u%s1o


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B$r


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10

CAPITULO II

REVISION BIBLIOGRAICA Y DOCUMENTAL

E%tu+*o% Pr'&*o%

P2r%? %n %/ 6)## r%$/i?4 un$ in3%s1i0$i4n 1i1u/$&$: JE5-%ri%ni$s &%

1%/%m%&iin$ %n %/ Ins1i1u1o Do%n1% &% Uro/o0'$K+ %/ 1r$b$,o -r%s%n1$ /$ %5-%ri%ni$

&%/ C%n1ro &% Pro%s$mi%n1o &% Im0%n%s 6CPI %n /$ %ns%8$n?$ &% /$ 1%/%m%&iin$.

Es-%'>i$m%n1% s% mu%s1r$ on un$ 3isi4n $m-/i$ 1o&os /os $s-%1os &% %s1% -ro=%1o

m2&io;1%no/40io. E/ ob,%1i3o &%/ urso >u% &$r un$ >orm$i4n 1%4rio;-r1i$ $

/os %s1u&i$n1%s %n %/ r%$ &% 1%/%m%&iin$+ &%mos1r$n&o /$ 3%rs$1i/i&$& &% %s1$ -r1i$

m2&i$ $ 1r$32s &% 3$ri$&$s %5-%ri%ni$s = &i3%rs$s $1i3i&$&%s m2&i$s. L$ >$s%

%5-%rim%n1$/ &%/ urso &% 1%/%m%&iin$ s% r%$/i?4 &%n1ro &%/ Pos10r$&o &% Uro/o0'$ &%

/$ Uni3%rsi&$& &% C$r$bobo oor&in$&o -or %/ Ins1i1u1o Do%n1% &% Uro/o0'$ 6IDU.

Es1% $r1'u/o &%srib% %s1$ %5-%ri%ni$ %n 1o&os sus m$1i%s+ /$ on>i0ur$i4n &%

/os %%r%ni$+ un$ &%sri-i4n &% /os -%ri>2rios m2&ios

$&$-1$&os $ /$ -r1i$ &% /$ 1%/%m%&iin$+ /$ ins1$/$i4n &% /$s 1%/%omuni$ion%s+

/os %s-$ios m2&ios $&$-1$&os $ /$ 1%/%m%&iin$+ = %/ on1%ni&o mismo &%/ urso. E/

urso 1u3o un$ &ur$i4n &% &o% s%m$n$s+ s% &%srib%n: /os 1u1ori$/%s -$r$ ni3%/$r %/

0r$&o &% onoimi%n1o &% /os m2&ios %n /$s r%$s &% 1%no/o0'$s &% /$ in>orm$i4n+

/$s -r1i$s &% m$n%,o &% /os %%r%ni$ = /os %2rios omo %40r$>os+ %/%1ro$r&i40r$>os = %s1%1oso-ios &i0i1$/%s.

Es1$ %s /$ -rim%r$ %5-%ri%ni$ >orm$/ &% 1%/%m%&iin$ in%s &i&1ios. Es1% urso nos -%rmi1i4 obs%r3$r %/ om-or1$mi%n1o

&% /os m2&ios >r%n1% $ /os %


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Por o1ro /$&o %s1$+ %/ %s1u&io &% S$u


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$om-$8$&$ &% o1r$s m%&i&$s &% mbi1o -o/'1ios$ni1$rio &iri0i&$s $ ons%0uir un

1r$s/$&o ms r-i&o &% /os -$i%n1%s s%/%ion$&os

T$mbi2n %/ %s1u&io &% S(-3'4 5 Otro% 67889 t*tu#a+a ;L$ T%/%m%&iin$ %n %/

%m-/%o &% %o/o0'$

JT%/%m%&iin$ $-/i$&$ $/ &i$0n4s1io &% M$/>orm$ion%s Con02ni1$s = %/ sis1%m$

JPr%n%1WT%/%m%&iin$ %n %/ Con1ro/ Pr%n$1$/K+ %/ %s1u&io >u% &% 1i-o -ros-%1i3o =

%5-%rim%n1$/%s+ %n %/ u$/ /$ mu%s1r$+ s% ob1u3o &% /$ onsu/1$ &i$ri$ &%/ Ambu/$1orio

Rur$/ Ti-o II P%&ro M$nu%/ I1urb%+ ubi$&o %n /$ /o$/i&$& &% Ciiri3i% = &% /$s

-$i%n1%s orm$1os &% im$0%n .,-0 o .1i> 1om$&$s on m$r$ &i0i1$/. Un$ 3%? ob1%ni&os /os

&$1os om-/%1$m%n1%+ %s1os s% %n3i$b$n &ur$n1% /$ m$8$n$ m%&i$n1% $ri3o $&,un1o

3'$ In1%rn%1. Es1os $ri3os %r$n r%ibi&os %n /$ Uni&$& &% G%n21i$+ -os1%riorm%n1%

s% -ro%&'$ $ /$ &isusi4n &% $so /'nio %n &on&% /os %5-%r1os &$b$n su im-r%si4n

&i$0n4s1i$ %n un /$-so no m$=or $ /$s )" or$s. Un$ 3%? r%ibi&$ /$ im-r%si4n

&i$0n4s1i$ %/ m2&io ubi$&o %n %/ r%$ rur$/ o &% &i>'i/ $%so+ i1$ $/ -$i%n1% =

>$mi/i$r%s -$r$ in>orm$r/%s sobr% %/ &i$0n4s1io = //%0$r $ un $u%r&o sobr% /os -$sossi0ui%n1%s+ omo: 1r$1$mi%n1os+ %5m%n%s om-/%m%n1$rios = /o ms im-or1$n1%: un$

i1$ -r%s%ni$/ %n %/ C%n1ro &% Di$0n4s1io 6Uni&$& &% G%n21i$+ ubi$&o %n /$

iu&$& &% M$r$$ibo.


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En %/ /$-so &% un $8o 6#* &% ,u/io &% )##) $/ #* &% ,u/io &% )##+ s% %3$/u$ron

un 1o1$/ &% ( $sos &% -$i%n1%s on -osib/%s m$/>orm$ion%s on02ni1$s %n %/

Ambu/$1orio Rur$/ Ti-o II JDr. P%&ro M$nu%/ I1urb%K &% Ciiri3i%+ Es1$&o

$/4n. Dios $sos+ u1i/i?$n&o /os -rini-ios &% /$ T%/%m%&iin$+ >u%ron %3$/u$&os-or /$ Uni&$& &% G%n21i$ M2&i$ &% /$ Uni3%rsi&$& &%/ Zu/i$+ ubi$&$ %n /$ iu&$&

&% M$r$$ibo+ Es1$&o Zu/i$ = &% %s% 1o1$/ s% &i$0nos1i$ron %n un 1i%m-o no m$=or $

/$s "! or$s+ un 1o1$/ &% 7 $sos on MC i&%n1i>i$&$s omo: V%/o C$r&io $i$/

S=n&rom% 6VCS+ Ar1ro0ri-osis Dis1$/+ O>1$/mo-/%0i$ Pro0r%si3$ E51%rn$ 6CPEO+

Ps%u&o$on&ro-/$si$+ S'n&rom% &% Don+ Po/i&$1i/i$ = Muo-o/is$$ri&osis.

A%/'-to% T'r*-o%

T'#')'+*-*(a

T%/%m%&iin$ %s un 12rmino J-$r$0u$sK %sion$/%s &% /$ m%&iin$ -$r$

-ro-orion$r $sis1%ni$ m2&i$ o %ns%8$n?$ $ &is1$ni$. D%-%n&i%n&o &% /$

%s-%i$/i?$i4n


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$8os H# = 7#. L$ in3%s1i0$i4n+ &ur$n1% &os &2$&$s+ $ %s1$&o &iri0i&$

-rini-$/m%n1% $ /$ $-/i$i4n &% 1%no/o0'$ &i0i1$/ -$r$ /$ 3isu$/i?$i4n = m$n%,o &%

im0%n%s &i0i1$/%s &%n1ro &% un &%-$r1$m%n1o onr%1o+ $s' omo /$ 1r$nsmisi4n &%

im0%n%s %n1r% 3$ri$s ins1i1uion%s -$r$ r%$/i?$r %/ &i$0n4s1io -rim$rio+ un$ s%0un&$/%1ur$ o %mi1ir un$ s%0un&$ o-ini4n &% %5-%r1o.

Dos >$1or%s $n &%s%n$&%n$&o un$ %5-/osi4n &% in1%r2s %n %/ r%sur0imi%n1o

&% /$ 1%/%m%&iin$ 6:

$. Los r-i&os $3$n%s %n 1%/%omuni$ion%s iios &i3%rsos+

omo -or %,%m-/o+ minimi?$r /$ n%%si&$& &% 1r$ns-or1% &% -$i%n1%s+ -ro-orion$r

$sis1%ni$ %s-%i$/i?$&$ %n ?on$s rur$/%s+ >$i/i1$r %/ $-o=o &i$0n4s1io $ %i$s % in1%r$mbio i%n1'>io

in1%rn$ion$/.


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> S%r3iios 1%/%m1ios &% $-o=o $ /$ 0%s1i4n in1%0r$/ -$r$ /$ $1%ni4n $

/$s &ro0o&%-%n&%ni$s.

0 T%/%moni1ori?$i4n &omii/i$ri$.

Sis1%m$s &% in>orm$i4n in1%0r$&os %n1r% %n1ros &% s$/u& = os-i1$/%s.

i Sis1%m$s = $-/i$ion%s ori%n1$&os $ /$ m%,or$ &% /$ 0%s1i4n &% /$

$1i3i&$& s$ni1$ri$ = &% /$s $1i3i&$&%s &%s$rro//$&$s -or /os

-ro>%sion$/%s &% /$ s$ni&$&.

, Sis1%m$s = $-/i$ion%s ori%n1$&os $ /$ m%,or$ &% /os s%r3iios o>r%i&os

= $ /$ %51%nsi4n &% s%r3iios &% $/i&$&.

Sis1%m$s &% omuni$ion%s /'ni$s -$r$ %n1ros r%mo1os.

/ Sis1%m$s &% -ro3isi4n &% in>orm$i4n &% 1%/%m%&iin$ &% $%so

0%n%r$/.

m Sis1%m$s &% 1%/%onsu/1$ %n -siorm$i4n m2&i$.

- Sis1%m$s &% 1%/%iru0'$.


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La T'#'rra+*o#og*a.

D'1*(*-*(.

L$ T%/%rr$&io/o0i$ $ si&o &%>ini&$ omo J/$ 1r$nsmisi4n %/%1r4ni$ &%

im0%n%s &%s&% un %n1ro r$&io/40io $s1$ un$ %s1$i4n &% 3isu$/i?$i4n r%mo1$

&on&% s% in1%r-r%1$K. E/ in1%r2s %n 1%/%rr$&io/o0'$ sur0i4 omo un$ -o1%ni$/ so/ui4n+

%>i$? = %on4mi$m%n1% r%n1$b/%+ -$r$ -ro-orion$r s%r3iios -ro>%sion$/%s &%

r$&io/o0'$ %n r%$s in>r$;$sis1i&$s+ %s &%ir %n /u0$r%s &on&% %/ $%so $ /$ $1%ni4n

%n s$/u& %r$ &i>'i/.

E/ on%-1o 1%/%rr$&io/o0'$+ mu= %n1ron$&o -or 1$n1o on %/ &% 1%/%m%&iin$+

ons1i1u=% un %n>o%r%n1% $ $io = 1%no/40io $%


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/os %orm1ios+ /os os1%s &% -%rson$/ m2&io 1i%n%n

1%n&%ni$ $ subir. En ** ons1i1u'$ %/ 7# &%/ 1o1$/ &%/ 0$s1o s$ni1$rio %n /$

Uni4n Euro-%$.

(. E/ %s1i/o &% 3i&$ $1u$/ -r%is$ so/uion%s m2&i$s inm%&i$1$s = &% $/i&$& %n /$

$sis1%ni$ &% r%$s $is/$&$s on b$,$ 1$s$ &% m2&ios -or $bi1$n1%s+ omo %s %/

$so &%/ &%-$r1$m%n1o in$/i&$& &%:

. Pro-orion$r ms ob%r1ur$ $ /os r$&i4/o0os+ &isminu=%n&o 1i%m-o &is1$ni$ %n

/$ r%3isi4n &% im0%n%s.

). Pro-orion$r $sis1%ni$ %s-%i$/i?$&$ $ /o$/i&$&%s &on&% no u%n1$n on /$

-r%s%ni$ &% un m%&io r$&i4/o0o.

. Pr%s%r3$r %/ -ro-io 1%rri1orio &% $i4n &% r$&i4/o0os+ /'ni$s+ os-i1$/%s+ %1.>r%n1% $ /$ om-%1%ni$.

En /$ $1u$/i&$&+ %/ on%-1o &% 1%/%rr$&io/o0'$ no s% r%s1rin0% $ /$

in1%r-r%1$i4n &% im0%n%s+ sino %r%ni$s+ $u/$s+ %n1ros

&% in3%s1i0$i4n+ uni&$&%s m43i/%s+ %1. E/ $1r$1i3o $1u$/ &% /$ 1%/%rr$&io/o0'$onsis1% %n on


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%n3%r0$&ur$ &%-%n&% &%/ ni3%/ $sis1%ni$/ im-/i$&o. L$ 1%no/o0'$ $ m%,or$&o -$r$

%//o $-or1$n&o so/uion%s -r1i$s -$r$ mu= &i3%rs$s si1u$ion%s /'ni$s 6i0ur$ .

Por o1ro /$&o+ /$ %n1r$&$ &% 0r$n&%s om-$8'$s %n %s1% $m-o -u%&% onsi&%r$rs% un

in&i$1i3o &% %r%n1% %s$/$ 0%o0r>i$ -o&r'$n

in/uir /os si0ui%n1%s 6*:

$. Servicios de rea local:Ubi$&os %n %/ mismo %&i>iio o %&i>iios $&=$%n1%s+

-%rmi1%n orm% = r%s-on&$ $ osu1$s &% $sos r'1ios

6-or %,%m-/o &%s&% ur0%ni$s+ ui&$&os in1%nsi3os o $nos

b. Servicios de rea urbana:S% r%$/i?$n on%5ion%s %n1r% %s-%i$/is1$s &% &i>%r%n1%s

os-i1$/%s o onsu/1$s -ri3$&$s &% /$ mism$ r%$ urb$n$.

. Servicios de rea extensa o lobales: In/u=% /$s %5-/or$ion%s r%$/i?$&$s %n

%n1ros &% $sis1%ni$ -rim$ri$ o rur$/%s+ orm$&$s -or %s-%i$/is1$s &%/ %n1ro m%&io &% r%>%r%ni$ on %/ ni3%/

$sis1%ni$/ su-%rior+ onsu/1$s %n1r% m2&ios = m2&ios r$&i4/o0os &% %n1ros


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ubi$&os %n &i>%r%n1%s /o$/i&$&%s = %/ $-o=o &% &%ision%s 12ni$s =

&i$0n4s1io $ uni&$&%s m43i/%s &% r$&io/o0'$.

S%0n /$ >in$/i&$& onr%1$ 2rio+ &%s&% un %n1ro &% r%>%r%ni$. L$ 1%/%moni1ori?$i4n %s /$ su-%r3isi4n

%5-%r1$ &% /$ $&in$/i&$& /$

onsu/1$ %n1r% %s-%i$/is1$s ubi$&os %n &is1in1o /u0$r. C$&$ uno &% /os

in1%r/ou1or%s n%%si1$ un$ $/i&$& &% im$0%n 4-1im$ = omuni$i4n %n 1i%m-o

r%$/. S% 1r$1$ &% r%-ro&uir %/ mismo 1i-o &% onsu/1$


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$0ru-$ &i3%rsos s%r3iios %n 1i%m-o r%$/+ %n %/ u*%*-*( +' *)g'('%

L$ m$=or'$ &% /os s%r3iios &% r$&io/o0'$ im-rim%n %n -%/'u/$ sus

%5-/or$ion%s. Por %//o+ %s >r%u%n1% r$rro,o ui&$&os$m%n1% >o$/i?$&o+

o%r%n1% = monorom1io o un /s%r ro,o 3isib/%.

E/ r$=o /s%r &%b% %s1$r -osiion$&o on -r%isi4n = b$rr%r 1o&$ /$ -%/'u/$ b$,o

%/ on1ro/ &%/ PC+ mi%n1r$s


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PC. Es1o $% %r%ni$ &% un Esn%r CCD u=$ >u%n1% &% /u? %s un$ /'n%$ &% /u? b/$n$ &%ri3$&$

&% un 1ubo >/uor%s%n1%.

T$mbi2n -u%&%n %m-/%$rs% %sn%r%s on on,un1os &% CCD. Los Esn%r%s

CCD son >'si$m%n1% b$s1$n1% simi/$r%s $ /os Esn%r &% &oum%n1os


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Aun$bri$n1% &%/ Esn%r. To&o /o i$+ simi/$r $ un

-ro=%1or &% 1r$ns-$r%ni$s = %s $-1ur$&o -or un$ m$r$. L$ $/i&$& = %/ os1% &%

%s1% -ro%&imi%n1o son b$,os = -r1i$m%n1% no s% u1i/i?$ &%bi&o $ %1u$r %/ &i$0n4s1io -rim$rio. E

$


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1%n0$ %/ mismo -o1%ni$/ &i$0n4s1io 4ni$+ $b$r$1$n&o os1%s. En %/ %n1ro r%%-1or -u%&%

on3%nir un -%


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ms %/$bor$&os -u%&% s%r -osib/% -$r$ un r$&i4/o0o &isu1ir un $so on o1ro m2&io+

on /$ -osibi/i&$& &% i$n&o bri//o o on1r$s1%+ %1.+ $-r%in&os% %n %/ moni1or r%mo1o

6onsu/1$ %n 1i%m-o r%$/. Sis1%m$s $un ms so>is1i$&os -u%&%n -ro-orion$r $&%ms3i&%oon>%r%ni$ uni o bi&ir%ion$/. P$r$ /$ r%0i4n %n %s1u&io /$ 1r$nsmisi4n s%

&%b%r'$ %>%1u$r $ 1r$32s &% In1%rn%1 -or 3'$ 1%/%>4ni$+ /$ u$/ s%ri$ bi&ir%ion$/.

Visualizacin

L$ $/i&$& &% /$ im$0%n -r%s%n1$&$ %n %/ moni1or &on&% s% r%$/i?$ %/

&i$0n4s1io -rim$rio &%1%rmin$ /$ u1i/i&$& &%/ sis1%m$+ -or 1$n1o %s un -un1o r'1io

%n 1%/%rr$&io/o0'$. Los moni1or%s &%b%n 1%n%r r%so/ui4n = /umin$ni$ su>ii%n1% -$r$

r%$/i?$r %/ &i$0n4s1io. P$r1% &% /$ >union$/i&$& &% un$ %s1$i4n &% 1r$b$,o &%1%/%rr$&io/o0'$ /$ -ro-orion$ %/ so>1$r% $3or%%n %/ $%so $ s%r3iios $/i>i$&os on


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m%nos &%mor$.

Los %$i4n &%/ -$i%n1%.

$ D*%)*(u-*( +'# t*')/o +' +*r*g*r 5 /r'%tar %'r&*-*o%:

Aum%n1$ /$ %>ii%ni$ = -ro&u1i3i&$& &% muos mi%mbros &%/ %$3or%% '$ &i0i1$/ o-1imi?$ /$ $/i&$& &% im$0%n =

&isminu=% %/ nm%ro &% r%-%1iion%s.

Disminu=%n /$s -2r&i&$s &% %5-/or$ion%s = s% ob1i%n%n o-i$s &% i&2n1i$

$/i&$& $/ ori0in$/+ %3i1$n&o %5-/or$ion%s inn%%s$ri$s.

!a "arrera e la aceptacin cl#nica

E5is1%n un$ s%ri% &% >$1or%s r%/$ion$&os on /$ $%-1$i4n /'ni$ &% /os

sis1%m$s &% 1%/%rr$&io/o0'$ o su r%n1$bi/i&$& %on4mi$+ $ 3%%s on /os &os+ &% >orm$

in&is1in0uib/%+ omo son:

L$ on>i$n?$ &% /os m2&ios r$&i4/o0os %n /$ -r%isi4n &i$0n4s1i$ sobr% /$

im$0%n %/%1r4ni$. T$/ 3%? s%$ %/ >$1or ms im-or1$n1% r%s-%1o $ /$


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$%-1$i4n /'ni$.

L$ 3%r&$&%r$ u1i/i&$& %n >$i/i1$r %/ &i$0n4s1io -rim$rio &% %5m%n%s

r$&io0r>ios on3%nion$/%s r%$/i?$&os $ &is1$ni$ r%%1$r $&3%rs$m%n1% $/

1r$b$,$r sobr% im$0%n %n -$n1$//$. Es1os %s1u&ios $n in&i$&o /$ n%%si&$& &%

m%,or$r %/ on1r$s1%+ /$ r%so/ui4n %s-$i$/ = /$ /umin$ni$ &% /os moni1or%s.

L$ %>ii%ni$ = -ro&u1i3i&$& $/ us$r %s1$ion%s &% 1r$b$,o. E/ %n1r%n$mi%n1o &%/usu$rio %n 1r$b$,$r sobr% moni1or = u1i/i?$r >union%s bsi$s &% m$ni-u/$i4n

$/ 3isu$/i?$r im0%n%s %n /$ %s1$i4n &% 1r$b$,o %s %s%ni$/ -$r$ orm$ %>i$? = on /$ r$-i&%? $&%u$&$.

E/ uso &% $/0ori1mos &% om-r%si4n -o1%ni$/m%n1% &%s1ru1i3os 6om-r%si4n

on -%r&i&$+ 0%n%r$ &%son>i$n?$ %n /$ $/i&$& &% /$ im$0%n.

L$ -ro1%i4n &% &$1os+ -u%s u$/r%n1% $/ $%so

no $u1ori?$&o.

As-%1os r%/$1i3os $ /$ r%mun%r$i4n &% /$ onsu/1$ = /$ s%0un&$ o-ini4n %n

%s1os nu%3os sis1%m$s.

L$s onsi&%r$ion%s %on4mi$s r%s-%1o $ /$ om-r$ = m$n1%nimi%n1o &%/

sis1%m$. E/ %


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$&'i/ &% m%&ir+ -u%s no s% -u%&%

1r$1$r on -$rm%1ros 1'-ios &% $n/isis os1%b%n%>iio 6). Con mu$ >r%u%ni$

/os b%n%>iios son m%,or$r %/ ui&$&o &%/ -$i%n1%+ m%,or$r %/ s%r3iio $ /os m2&ios

i$r =+ -or 1$n1o+ &%

$-/i$r $ /$ %3$/u$i4n &%/ os1% &% un sis1%m$ &% 1%/%rr$&io/o0'$ &ur$n1% su 3i&$ 1i/.

Los >$1or%s ms im-or1$n1%s &%s&% %/ -un1o &% 3is1$ &% os1%s -u%&%n s%r /os

moni1or%s = /$ 1r$nsmisi4n. E/ %m-/%o &% moni1or%s &% $/i&$& %s in&isu1ib/% si s%

i0ur$rs%

on sis1%m$s ms r-i&os &% omuni$i4n.

Por /1imo+ $ /$ or$ &% -%ns$r %n /$ -osib/% $&


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%$bri$n1%+ $= r%%r s%r3iios &% s$/u& $ /$ -ob/$i4n 3%n%?o/$n$ %n /$s ?on$s -obr%s &%/ -$'s

6//$m$&os+ b$rrios+ ?on$s in$%sib/%s = $%/

C3%? r'$s s%0n /$s %1$-$s %n


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29

Mo&%/o &% 0%s1i4n &% s$/u& in1%0r$/+ ori%n1$&o $/ /o0ro &% un$ m%,or $/i&$& &%

3i&$ &% /$s -ob/$ion%s -os1%r0$&$s %n V%n%?u%/$+ $ 1r$32s &% un -/$n &% s$/u& -$r$ /$

$sis1%ni$ m2&i$ in1%0r$/ &% /$s >$mi/i$s.

L$ Misi4n B$rrio A&%n1ro %s un$ -ro-u%s1$ i/oso>'$ = /os

ob,%1i3os &% /$ A1%ni4n Prim$ri$ &% S$/u& 6APS %n V%n%?u%/$+ r%$&$ omo -o/'1i$

&% Es1$&o+ b$,o /$ $&minis1r$i4n &%/ -r%si&%n1% Fu0o C3%?+ -$r$ &$r r%s-u%s1$ $ /$

n%%si&$& &% $%so $ /os s%r3iios &% s$/u&.

L$ Misi4n B$rrio A&%n1ro %s &%1%rmin$&$ omo -$r1% &%/ Sis1%m$ Pb/io

N$ion$/ &% S$/u& = omo un$ %s1r$1%0i$ b$s$&$ %n /os -rini-ios &% /$ APS+ -$r$

on1ribuir $ &$r r%s-u%s1$ $ /$ &%u&$ soi$/ $umu/$&$+ $ 1r$32s &%/ &%s$rro//o &%

-ro0r$m$s &% -r%3%ni4n = -romoi4n %n s$/u& &iri0i&os $ /$ $1%ni4n &% -%rson$s+

>$mi/i$s = o/%1i3os on &i>'i/ $%so = ob%r1ur$ $ /os s%r3iios &% s$/u&. E/ # &%

Abri/ &% )##7+ s% r%$/i?4 %/ $1o &% 0r$&o &%/ -rim%r 0ru-o &% .# %s-%i$/is1$s %n

M%&iin$ G%n%r$/ In1%0r$/ 3%n%?o/$nos+ orm$n

-$r1% &%/ -rim%r 0ru-o &% %s-%i$/is1$s >orm$&os -$r$ B$rrio A&%n1ro I. u%ron

>orm$&os %n /$ -r%s%n1% %s-%i$/i?$i4n &%s&% %/ " &% u/io &% )##" $s1$ %/ &%M$r?o &% )##7+ %n /os &i>%r%n1%s %s1$&os &%/ -$'s+ si%n&o /os %s1$&os on %/ m$=or

nm%ro &% -$r1ii-$n1%s Zu/i$+ C$r$bobo = Ar$0u$.

As' mismo s% -r%-$r$n %n -r%0r$&o &% M%&iin$ In1%0r$/ Comuni1$ri$ 6MIC

un$ $n1i&$& onsi&%r$b/% &% 3%n%?o/$nos i$s Es1u&i$n1i/%s+


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A(t'-'+'(t'% ?*%tr*-o%

Los -rim%ros ( 0$/%nos &% B$rrio A&%n1ro s% ubi$ron %n # &% /$s -$rro%rm%r$s no s%

irunsrib% $ /os H mi/ ( Pun1os &% Consu/1$ = Consu/1orios Po-u/$r%s+ sino $mi/i$ /$ %n>%rm%r$+ omi12 &% s$/u&+

%s1u&i$n1%s &% m%&iin$ %s1i3$/%s -or /$ s$/u&.


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Oontolo%#a

L$s C/'ni$s = /os Pun1os &% Consu/1$ &% Es1om$1o/o0'$ 6O&on1o/o0'$ son

%s-$ios >'sios &o1$&os on uni&$&%s &%n1$/%s om-/%1$m%n1% %%sion$/%s 1$/mo/o0'$

/'ni$+ /$bor$1orio /'nio+ u/1r$soni&o+ %n&oso-i$+ R$=os X+ $n/isis -or Sis1%m$

U/1r$miro$n$/'1io 6SUMA = s%r3iios &% obs%r3$i4n $ -$i%n1%s. Uno &% $&$

u$1ro CDI u%n1$ on s$/4n &% o-%r$ion%s -$r$ s%r3iios &% iru0'$ 6CDI5.

I. S%r3iios Di$0n4s1ios:


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. L$bor$1orio C/'nio = Sis1%m$ U/1r$miro$n$/'1io 6SUMA: Con,un1o &%

$1i3i&$&%s &%s1in$&$s $ /$ r%$/i?$i4n &% -ru%b$s &% /$bor$1orio. L$ 1%no/o0'$

SUMA -%rmi1% r%$/i?$r %s1u&ios inmuno


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ur0%ni$s &%/ %n1ro 6Consu/1$+ A-o=o Vi1$/+ Obs%r3$i4n o Ciru0'$ %n /$ uni&$& o

r%$ &% 1%r$-i$ in1%nsi3$.

. Obs%r3$ion%s: Con,un1o &% $1i3i&$&%s &%s1in$&$s $ /$ $1%ni4n &%

-$i%n1%s


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34

; M%$no1%r$-i$: Uso on >in$/i&$& 1%r$-2u1i$ &% /os im-/%m%n1os m%nios.

S% in/u=% %n %s1$ $1%0or'$ /$ m%s$ &% 1r$i4n 2r3io /umb$r %/21ri$+ ,un1o on %/

r%s1o &% /os %io.

; M$0n%1o1%r$-i$: Uso on >in$/i&$& 1%r$-2u1i$ &% /os $m-os m$0n21ios

-ro&ui&os $r1i>ii$/m%n1%. In/u=% /$ $m$ m$0n21i$ = %/ %in$/i&$& 1%r$-2u1i$ &%/ /$s%r.

; T%rmo1%r$-i$ Su-%r>ii$/: Uso on >in$/i&$& 1%r$-2u1i$ &%/ $/or su-%r>ii$/.

En %s1os mom%n1os s% in/u=% %n %s1$ $1%0or'$ so/$m%n1% /$s /m-$r$s%/%1rom$0n21i$s.

; T%rmo1%r$-i$ Pro>un&$: Uso on >in$/i&$& 1%r$-2u1i$ &%/ $/or -ro>un&o+

-ro&ui&os -or %r%u%ni$. En %s1os mom%n1os s% in/u=% %n %s1$

$1%0or'$ %/ miro on&$.


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; U/1r$sono1%r$-i$: Uso on >in$/i&$& 1%r$-2u1i$ &%/ u/1r$soni&o. En %s1os

mom%n1os s% in/u=%n %n %s1$ $1%0or'$ %r%u%ni$ = %in$/i&$& 1%r$-2u1i$ &% /$ orri%n1% %/21ri$. En %s1os

mom%n1os s% in/u=%n %n %s1$ $1%0or'$ %r%u%ni$ = %in$/i&$& 1%r$-2u1i$ &%/ u/1r$soni&o

= /$ orri%n1% %/21ri$.

". Fi&ro1%r$-i$: uso on >in$/i&$& 1%r$-2u1i$ &%/ $0u$. L$s SRI %s1n &o1$&$s

on 1in$s -$r$ %/ 1r$1$mi%n1o &% mi%mbros su-%rior%s 6m$ni/u3ios = mi%mbros

in>%rior%s 6-%&i/u3ios.

(. MNT: &i>%r%n1%s mo&$/i&$&%s &% 1r$1$mi%n1o union$/ismos+ Ins1$ur$i4n &% /$ r%s-ir$i4n+ E,%riios

-$r$ /$ 3o?+ Tr$1$mi%n1o -sio-%&$040io = E&u$i4n >$mi/i$r.

!. Po&o/o0'$: Cor1% &% u8$s+ Tr$1$mi%n1o &% i-%r


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%'$ Com-u1$ri?$&$ 6TAC+ M$mo0r$>'$ &% R$=os X 6M5+D%nsi1om%1r'$ s%$ 6D5+ U/1r$soni&o Tri&im%nsion$/ 6US;D+ Vi&%o;En&oso-i$

6VE = %5m%n%s &% L$bor$1orio C/'nio %rm%&$&%s &% /$ mi%/in$. Es1u&ios sim-/%s = on1r$s1$&os &% 14r$5+ sis1%m$

$r&io3$su/$r+ $-$r$1o &i0%s1i3o+ 1r$1us urin$rio+ sis1%m$ os1%omio$r1iu/$r =

sis1%m$ n%r3ioso.

). Tomo0r$>'$ Com-u1$ri?$&$: Con,un1o &% $1i3i&$&%s &%s1in$&$s $ /$

ob1%ni4n &% im0%n%s -or %s1u&ios sim-/%s o on1r$s1$&os &% 14r$5+ sis1%m$

$r&io3$su/$r+ $-$r$1o &i0%s1i3o+ 1r$1us urin$rio+ sis1%m$ os1%omio$r1iu/$r o

sis1%m$ n%r3ioso+ m%&i$n1% %/ uso &% un %'$ A5i$/ Com-u1$ri?$&$

&% H" or1%s.

. R$=os X: Con,un1o &% $1i3i&$&%s &%s1in$&$s $ /$ r%$/i?$i4n &% -ru%b$s

r$&io/40i$s sim-/%s o on1r$s1$&$s.

". M$mo0r$>'$ &% R$=os X: Con,un1o &% $1i3i&$&%s &%s1in$&$s $/ -%si$s &% $/1$ &%>inii4n.


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(. D%nsi1om%1r'$ s%$: Con,un1o &% $1i3i&$&%s &%s1in$&$s $ /$ ob1%ni4n &%

im0%n%s &% 1o&o %/ u%r-o %n %/ %s1u&ios &% /$ os1%o-%ni$ = /$ os1%o-orosis.

H. Eo$r&io0r$>'$: Con,un1o &% $1i3i&$&%s &%s1in$&$s $ /$ ob1%ni4n &%

im0%n%s m%&i$n1% %s1u&ios no in3$si3os &%/ or$?4n = /os 0r$n&%s 3$sos+ u1i/i?$n&o

12ni$s &% Eo$r&io0r$>'$ &% mo&os Mono&im%nsion$/+ Bi&im%nsion$/ o

Tri&im%nsion$/+ Do--/%r+ Eo;S1r%ss >$rm$o/40io+ Eo;Tr$ns%so>0io = o1ros.

7. Vi&%o;En&oso-i$: Con,un1o &% $1i3i&$&%s &%s1in$&$s $ /$ ob1%ni4n &%

im0%n%s -or 3i&%o%n&oso-i$+ -$r$ %s1u&ios =o -ro%&%r%s $sis1%ni$/%s &%/ 1r$1us

&i0%s1i3o su-%rior 6Es4>$0o+ Es14m$0o = Duo&%no % in>%rior 6R%1o = Co/4n.

!. E/%1ro$r&io0r$>'$: Con,un1o &% $1i3i&$&%s &%s1in$&$s $ /$ r%$/i?$i4n &%

-ru%b$s -$r$ m%&ir /$ $1i3i&$& %/21ri$ &%/ or$?4n.

*. L$bor$1orio C/'nio = Sis1%m$ U/1r$miro$n$/'1io 6SUMA: Con,un1o &%

$1i3i&$&%s &%s1in$&$s $ /$ r%$/i?$i4n &% -ru%b$s &% /$bor$1orio $ -$i%n1%s

-ro%&%n1%s &% u$/%rm%&$&%s r%n$/%s

r4ni$s+ &is/i-i&%mi$s+ %-$1o-$1'$s+ in>%ion%s urin$ri$s o -$r$si1ismo in1%s1in$/.

#. L$ 1%no/o0'$ SUMA -%rmi1% r%$/i?$r %s1u&ios inmuno


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MUNICIPIO TIPO DE CDI DIRECCIONNOMBRE DEL

ESTABLECIMIENTO

Irib$rr%n

CDI X\

A3. P-$/. B$rrio Bo/'3$r on$//% *. S%1or L$ B$1$//$+ $/

/$&o M4&u/o Po/ii$/.

B$r


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orta#'4a% 5 O/ortu(*+a+'% /ara /ro5'-to% +' T'#')'+*-*(a @ T'#'%a#u+ '(V'('4u'#a

$. A-/i$i4n in1%nsi3$ T%/%m%&iin$+ T%/%s$/u& = %;%$/1 m%,or$ &% $/i&$& =

ob%r1ur$ s$ni1$ri$s %n /$s omuni&$&%s ms umi/&%s.b. E5is1%ni$ &% Tr$b$,o o/$bor$1i3o: S%1or%s: O>ii$/+ $$&2mio+ i%n1'>io+

%m-r%s$ri$/ %n %/ $-o=o $ Pro0r$m$s N$ion$/%s &% T%/%m%&iin$ = T%/%s$/u&.. R%0/$m%n1$i4n T%/%m%&iin$ = T%/%s$/u& En/$% -$r$ in1%r$mbio =

Coo-%r$i4n N$ion$/ % In1%rn$ion$/.&. E/ &%s$rro//o &% Es1r$1%0i$s &% B$rrio A&%n1ro I + II = III%. D%s$rro//o &% /$ Misi4n Ci%ni$+ /$ L%= Or0ni$ &% Ci%ni$ = T%no/o0'$ %

In>orm$i4n 6LOCTI. L%= Or0ni$ &% C = T>. E/ /$n?$mi%n1o &%/ S$12/i1% V%n%s$1 I

0. L$ %5is1%ni$ &%/ Minis1%rio &%/ Po&%r Po-u/$r -$r$ /$s T%/%omuni$ion%s %In>orm1i$

. E/ D%s$rro//o &% /$ CANTV V%n%?o/$n$.i. Los Pro=%1os CVG T%/%om = V%n%?u%/$ T%/%om.,. Cr%$i4n &%/ C%n1ro Es-$i$/ V%n%?o/$no.. Uso &%/ S$12/i1% &%-%n&% &% -riori&$&%s = %s1r$1%0i$s &%/ Es1$&o V%n%?o/$no/. F%rr$mi%n1$ -$r$ in1%0r$i4n n$ion$/ = r%0ion$/. TV+ T%/%>on'$+ R$&ios

omuni1$ri$s -or In1%rn%1.m. Pri3i/%0i$ $-/i$ion%s: T%/%m%&iin$+ T%/%%&u$ion+ Obs%r3$i4n r%mo1$+

N$3%0$i4n $2r%$+ GPS+ %1. i/os4>i$m%n1%: USO SOCIAL

n. orm$i4n = $-$i1$i4n &% 1$/%n1oso. Uni>i$i4n = omo/o0$i4n -/$1$>orm$ -ub/i$ in>orm1i$ = &%

omuni$ion%s omo -or %,%m-/o %/ So>1$r% Libr%

Pro5'-to +' R'+ +' T'#'%a#u+ +' V'('4u'#a

O$,'t*&o%

. or1$/%imi%n1o &%/ Sis1%m$ Pub/io N$ion$/ &% S$/u& V%n%?o/$no+ m%&i$n1%

/$ im-/%m%n1$i4n = uso &% /$s T%no/o0'$s &% /$ In>orm$i4n =

Comuni$ion%s %n /$s r%$s s%/%ion$&$s.). D%1%rmin$r /$ >$1ibi/i&$& &% im-/%m%n1$i4n = /$ on%1i3i&$& %n /$s r%$s

s%/%ion$&$s %n /$ >$s% &% -i/o1$,%


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. Dis%8o+ $-/i$i4n = %3$/u$i4n &% un$ R%& &% T%/%s$/u& $ ni3%/ -i/o1o $%r /$ n%%si&$& &% onsu/1$s &% sus usu$rios %n %/ -rim%r ni3%/

&% $1%ni4n

Co)/o('(t'%:

$. R%&%s 1%/%m1i$s &% so-or1% $ /$s R%&%s &% S%r3iios &% S$/u&b. Fis1ori$ C/'ni$ Di0i1$/ In1%0r$/ _ni$.. Sis1%m$ &% Vi0i/$ni$ E-i&%mio/40i$ Au1om$1i?$&o&. Sis1%m$ &% r%>%r%ni$ = Con1r$ r%>%r%ni$ Di0i1$/.%. Sis1%m$ &% G%s1i4n %n S$/u&>. Cursos &% E&u$i4n = C$-$i1$i4n %n %/ r%$ &% T%/%s$/u& = &i3%rs$s r%$s

&% $1u$/i?$i4n %n s$/u&.0. A-/i$ion%s &% T%/% onsu/1$ ;T%/% &i$0nos1io.

. R%%rm%r$s = -romo1or%s &%

s$/u&.b. Dis%8o &% R%& &% r%>%r%ni$ m%&i$ &i0i1$/ $or&% $ /$ >orm$/.. orm$i4n &% Uni&$&%s &% T%/%m%&iin$ %n $mbu/$1orios = om-/%,os

os-i1$/$rios uni3%rsi1$rios.&. In%n1i3os $ r%si&%n1%s+ %s-%i$/is1$s = -%rson$/ $u5i/i$r.

R'-ur%o% Mat'r*a#'% 5 *(a(-*'ro%:

$. Ob1%ni4n &% P$r1i&$s. P$1roinio &%/ Es1$&o = T%/%oms.b. So>1$r% &% $-/i$ion%s m%&i$s %n 4&i0o $bi%r1o. EMR.. L$-1o-s+ Cm$r$s &i0i1$/%s+ Vi&%oon>%r%ni$+ Im-r%sor$s mu/1i>union$/%s.&. Eunion$mi%n1o %s simi/$r $/ orr%o %/%1r4nio+ on /$s 3%n1$,$s %5is1%n1%s%n /$ 1r$nsmisi4n &% &$1os %>ii%n1% = /$ &is-onibi/i&$& &% $-/i$ion%s &% -ro%so &%

im0%n%s. D% %s1$ >orm$+ un 12nio -u%&% r%$/i?$r un %s1u&io+ $/m$%n$r/o %n

>orm$1o DICOM aDCM#+ DCM#b = %n3i$r/o $/ ASP. E/ r$&i4/o0o r%ib% /$

no1i>i$i4n &% un nu%3o %s1u&io+ /o &%s$r0$ = r%$/i?$ %/ in>orm%. Es1% in>orm% %s


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%n3i$&o $/ ASP i$ $/ 12nio. in$/m%n1%+ 2s1%

&%s$r0$ %/ in>orm% = s% /o %n1r%0$ $/ -$i%n1%

*g.7 Mo+'#o +' u(-*o(a)*'(to +' #a T'#'rra+*o#og0a.


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A%/'-to% L'ga#'%

Con %/ ob,%1i3o &% &isu1ir sobr% /$ m$1%ri$ &% /$s 1%no/o0'$s &% in>orm$i4n+

/$ &%mor$1i?$i4n &%/ onoimi%n1o = /$ $-ro-i$i4n soi$/ &% /$s 1%no/o0'$s &%

in>orm$i4n = su uso %n /$ s$/u& %n V%n%?u%/$ $ on1inu$i4n s% -r%s%n1$n /os

$s-%1os /%0$/%s orm$i4n omo 0$r$n1'$ &% $%so $ /$

s$/u&. En %s1% s%n1i&o %/ Es1$&o $ 0%n%r$&o un m$ro ,ur'&io orm$i4n.

En -rim%r /u0$r %s1 /$ Cons1i1ui4n &% /$ R%-b/i$ Bo/i3$ri$n$ &% V%n%?u%/$.

6Dii%mbr% ***. Es1$b/%% %/ on,un1o &% norm$s+ $s' omo /os -rini-ios

>un&$m%n1$/%s -or /os


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Por o1ro /$&o s% u%n1$ 1$mbi2n on /$ L%= &% Ci%ni$+ T%no/o0'$ %

Inno3$i4n. 6A0os1o )##(. L$ mism$ 1i%n% omo ob,%1o &%s$rro//$r /os -rini-ios =

%s1r$1%0i$s -$r$ /$ $1i3i&$& i%n1'>i$+ 1%no/40i$s &% inno3$i4n = sus $-/i$ion%s

$ >in &% >om%n1$r /$ $-$i&$& -$r$ /$ 0%n%r$i4n+ uso = iru/$i4n &%/ onoimi%n1o= &% im-u/s$r %/ &%s$rro//o n$ion$/.

S%0ui&$m%n1% %s1 %/ D%r%1o !)(. 6M$=o )###. Es1% &%/$r$ %/ $%so = %/ uso

&% In1%rn%1 omo -o/'1i$ -riori1$ri$ -$r$ %/ &%s$rro//o u/1ur$/+ %on4mio+ soi$/ =

-o/'1io &% /$ R%-b/i$ Bo/i3$ri$n$ &% V%n%?u%/$.

T$mbi2n+ %s im-or1$n1% onsi&%r$r /$ L%= Es-%i$/ sobr% D%/i1os In>orm1ios.

6O1ubr% )##. Es1$ /%= 1i%n% -or ob,%1o /$ -ro1%i4n in1%0r$/ &% /os sis1%m$s


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in1%ro-%r$bi/i&$& on %/ r%s1o &% -/$1$>orm$s+ = o1r$s onsi&%r$ion%s $soi$&$s $ /$

$&u%r?$ &% L%= No .)#" &%

>%$ # &% %br%ro &% )##+ orm$i4n -or m%&ios %/%1r4nios+ $ -$r1ir &% /$s u$/%s

$n &% &%s$rro//$rs% /$s nu%3$s mo&$/i&$&%s &% 1r$nsmisi4n = r%%-i4n &%

in>orm$i4n+ onoi&$s = -or ono%rs%+ $ /os >in%s &% 0$r$n1i?$r un m$ro ,ur'&io

m'nimo in&is-%ns$b/%


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CAPITULO III

MARCO METODOLOGICO

T*/o +' I(&'%t*ga-*(

L$ -r%s%n1% in3%s1i0$i4n >u% r%$/i?$&$ on %/ ob,%1i3o &% &%1%rmin$r /$

$-/i$bi/i&$& &% /$ T%/%r$&io/o0'$ %n /os s%r3iios r$&io/40ios &% /os C%n1ro &%

Di$0nos1io In1%0r$/ 6CDI = &% $/1$ 1%no/o0'$ &%/ Es1$&o L$r$+ /$ mism$ %s &% 1i-o

&oum%n1$/ on un &is%8o bib/io0r>io. As' mismo /$ in3%s1i0$i4n &oum%n1$/ %s

&%>ini&$ -or B$/%s1rini 6)##) omo J%/ on,un1o &% -ro%&imi%n1os 12nios;

o-%r$ion$/%s in &% /o0r$r m$=or %>i$i$+ $/ m$n%,o &% /$s

>u%n1%s &oum%n1$/%s ormu/$ion%s &%

in3%s1i0$i4n.K6-. )#+ /o u$/ im-/i$ in%s

-ro-u%s1os = r%s-on&%r $ /$s in1%rro0$n1%s sur0i&$s+ %s1o %n 3ir1u& &% %rm%&$&%s &% /$

-ob/$i4n on $%so /imi1$&o $ %s1os s%r3iios &% $/1$ 1%no/o0'$.

D*%'o +' #a I(&'%t*ga-*(

L$ -r%s%n1% in3%s1i0$i4n s% &%s$rro//o on un &is%8o Doum%n1$/+ S$bino

6)## /o &%>in% omo Jun -ro%so b$s$&o %n /$ bs


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Como %n 1o&$ in3%s1i0$i4n+ %/ -ro-4si1o &% %s1% &is%8o %s %/ $-or1% &% nu%3os

onoimi%n1os. D% %s1$ >orm$ %/ 1r$b$,o s% >un&$m%n1$ %n /$ r%3isi4n+ %s1u&io =

$n/isis &i3%rs$s >u%n1%s &oum%n1$/%s+ /$s u$/%s s%rn &%1%rmin$n1%s -$r$

&%s$rro//$r %/ 1%m$ %n 1orno $ /$ $-/i$bi/i&$& &% /$ T%/%rr$&io/o0i$ %n /os C%n1rosDi$0nos1io In1%0r$/%s = &% A/1$ T%no/o0'$ &%/ Es1$&o L$r$. Asimismo+ s% r%o-i/4

m$1%ri$/ &% &i3%rs$s >u%n1%s bib/io0r>i$s &% $u1or%s 3%n%?o/$nos = %51r$n,%ros+ $

1r$32s &% /ibros+ r%3is1$s+ in>orm%s &% on0r%sos = %m-/%$n&o -ub/i$ion%s &%

-r%ns$+ %n1r% o1ros+ r%/$ion$&os on %/ 1%m$ &% %s1u&io.

U(*+a+ +' A(#*%*%

En /$ -r%s%n1% in3%s1i0$i4n -$r$ $%r %/ $n/isis &% on1%ni&o s% &%>in% %/

uni3%rso $ $n$/i?$r+ /$s uni&$&%s &% $n/isis = /$s $1%0or'$s &% $n/isis. E/ uni3%rso

&% %s1u&io %s1$r r%-r%s%n1$&o -or /$s >u%n1%s s%un&$ri$s io.


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Pro-'+*)*'(to% M'to+o#g*-o%

. En -rim%r /u0$r s% onoi4 = %5-/or4 1o&o %/ on,un1o &% >u%n1%s &% u1i/i&$&.omo /ibros+ $r1'u/os i%n1'>ios+ r%3is1$s+ -ub/i$ion%s = bo/%1in%s &i3%rsos+

= %n 0%n%r$/ 1o&$ /$ ri$ 3$ri%&$& &% m$1%ri$/ %sri1o r%u%n1%m%n1%

-u%&% %non1r$rs% sobr% %/ 1%m$.). En s%0un&o /u0$r s% r%$/i?4 un$ /%1ur$ &isrimin$1ori$+ i$s =

o1ros -ro%&imi%n1os simi/$r%s+ %51r$=2n&os% /os $s-%1os onr%1os

r%/%3$n1%s -$r$ /$ in3%s1i0$i4n+ =$ s%$ -or m%&io &% >i$s 1%51u$/%s+ &%on1%ni&o o mi51$s.

". Es1$s >i$s >u%ron or&%n$&$s &% $u%r&o $ sus on1%ni&os+ -$r$ /o u$/ >u%

in&is-%ns$b/% on1$r+ on un %sorm% >in$/.(. Pos1%riorm%n1% s% r%$/i?4 un o1%,o o om-$r$i4n &% /$s >i$s ob1%ni&$s+ s%

obs%r3$ron /os $s-%1os &% onor&$ni$ = o-osii4n %n1r% %//$s+ 1r$1$n&o &%

%3$/u$r /$ on>i$bi/i&$& &% $&$ in>orm$i4n = -ro%&i2n&os% /u%0o $/ $n/isis

&% $&$ -un1o -$r$ r%$/i?$r %n1on%s s'n1%sis -$ri$/%s = om-$r$ion%s

-$r1iu/$r%s.H. Por /1imo s% s$$ron /$s on/usion%s orr%s-on&i%n1%s = s% %/$bor$ron

-un1os &% 3is1$ r%s-%1o $ $&$ -$r1% &%/ %s1u&io+ 1%ni%n&o %s-%i$/ ui&$&o %n

%s/$r%%r /$ -rob/%m1i$ orm$i4n s% %m-/%$ron &i3%rsos m21o&os omo

son %/ m21o&o /i1%r$/+ %/ u$/ s%0n u%nm$=or 6)##" %s im-/%m%n1$&o 1om$n&o %nu%n1$ %/ or&%n orr%/$1i3o &% /$s -$/$br$s i$&o &% /$s mism$s 6-.("+ %/ m21o&o is14rio+ b$s$&o %n /os $n1%%&%n1%s


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En u$n1o $ /$s 12ni$s o-%r$ion$/%s -$r$ %/ m$n%,o &% /$s >u%n1%s

&oum%n1$/%s s% 1i%n%n /$ obs%r3$i4n &oum%n1$/ &% /$s &i3%rs$s >u%n1%s &%

in>orm$i4n %5is1%n1% sobr% %/ 1%m$+ /$ u$/ s% %>%1$ $ 1r$32s &% un$ /%1ur$ 0%n%r$/

&% /$s mism$s+ -%rmi1i%n&o %5-/or$r /os &$1os n%%s$rios+ $&%ms &% -ro-orion$r /os%/%m%n1os 1%4rios -$r$ /$ m%,or om-r%nsi4n &%/ -rob/%m$ &% in3%s1i0$i4n

-/$n1%$&o. Asimismo+ s% u1i/i?$n /$s 12ni$s &% -r%s%n1$i4n r%sumi&$ &% 1%51o+

r%sum%n $n$/'1io = $n/isis ri1io.

O$%'r&a-*( Do-u)'(ta#

L$ obs%r3$i4n %s1 on%bi&$ omo un -ro%so &%/ onoimi%n1o i%n1'>io

&$&$s /$s $r$1%r's1i$s m%1o&o/o0'$s &% %s1$ in3%s1i0$i4n+ >u% u1i/i?$&$ /$ 12ni$

&% obs%r3$i4n &oum%n1$/+ -$r1i%n&o &% /$ /%1ur$ &%/ m$1%ri$/ bib/io0r>io

s%/%ion$&o $or&% $/ 1%m$ ob,%1o &% %s1u&io.

Es1% -ro%so s% r%$/i?4 %n &os >$s%s /$ -rim%r$ onsis1'$ %n /$ /%1ur$ &%/

m$1%ri$/ s%/%ion$&o $ >in &% &%s$r1$r %/ m$1%ri$/ inn%%s$rio. En /$ s%0un&$ >$s% s%

r%$/i?4 un$ /%1ur$ ms &%1$//$&$ = ri0uros$ on %/ ob,%1o &% %51r$%r /os &$1os

r%/%3$n1%s -$r$ $bor&$r /os ob,%1i3os -ro-u%s1os.

D% $u%r&o $/ 1i-o &% in3%s1i0$i4n &oum%n1$/+ >u% n%%s$ri$ /$ u1i/i?$i4n &%>u%n1%s s%un&$ri$s+ omo son /$ r%3isi4n &% /ibros+ /%=%s+ in>orm%s+ &oum%n1os+

1%sis &% in3%s1i0$ion%s+ %n1r% o1ros = s% bus4 %n /$ r%& &% in>orm$i4n &%nomin$&$

In1%rn%1+ sobr% $


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49

E/ R%sum%n An$/'1io s% inor-or$ -$r$ &%subrir /$ %s1ru1ur$ &% /os 1%51os

ob,%1o &% onsu/1$s = &%/imi1$r sus on1%ni&os bsios %n >uni4n &% /os &$1os i$r %/ or&%n in1%rno %s1$b/%i&o -or %/ $u1or = su or&%n /40io+ %s

&%ir+ s% bus$ %3$/u$r /$ %s1ru1ur$ in1%rn$ &%/ 1%51o.

Con b$s% $ /o $n1%rior+ /$s 12ni$s o-%r$ion$/%s -$r$ %/ m$n%,o &% /$s >u%n1%s

&oum%n1$/%s son: $ Obs%r3$i4n Doum%n1$/+ /$ u$/ s% /o0r$ $ 1r$32s &% un$

/%1ur$ 0%n%r$/ &% 1%51os+ s%0ui&$ &% 3$ri$s /%1ur$s &%1%ni&$s = ri0uros$s $ >in &%

$-1$r sus -/$n1%$mi%n1os %s%ni$/%s bPr%s%n1$i4n R%sumi&$ &%/ T%51o+ /$ u$/

-%rmi1% -/$sm$r &% m$n%r$ >i%/ = sin1%1i?$&$ /$s i&%$s bsi$s uni4n &% /os &$1os


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50

CAPITULO IV

RELE!IONES INALES DEL ESTUDIO

L$ 1%/%m%&iin$ -%rmi1% m%,or$r %/ $%so $ /$ $1%ni4n m2&i$ %s-%i$/i?$&$

%n ?on$s &on&% no $= su>ii%n1%s %s-%i$/is1$s o %5is1%n &i>iu/1$&%s &% $%so. L$

1%/%3i0i/$ni$ -u%&% m%,or$r /$ $/i&$& &% 3i&$ &% /os %n>%rmos r4nios = r%&uir /$s

%s1$ni$s %n /os os-i1$/%s. S%r3iios omo /$ 1%/%r$&io/o0'$ = /$ 1%/%onsu/1$ -u%&%n

on1ribuir $ $or1$r /$s /is1$s &% %s-%r$+ o-1imi?$r %/ uso &% /os r%ursos = -osibi/i1$r

m%,or$s &% /$ -ro&u1i3i&$&. To&$s %s1$s mo&$/i&$&%s son $-/i$b/%s %n %/ Es1$&o

L$r$ &$&$ /$ %5is1%ni$ &% un$ $m-/i$ r%& &% C%n1ros &% Di$0nos1io In1%0r$/ = &%

A/1$ T%no/o0'$+ %n 1o1$/ son ( %n1ros &% %s1% 1i-o &is1ribui&os %n /os * munii-ios

&%/ Es1$&o+ sin on1$r on /os %5is1%n1%s %n /$ r%& &% $mbu/$1orios = os-i1$/%s. C$&$

%n1ro %n su munii-io >union$ri$ omo %n1ro &% $o-io &% /$ in>orm$i4n

r$&io/40i$ = &%ms s%r3iios %1os b%n2>ios &% /$ T%/%rr$&io/o0i$ 3$n ms $// &% /$

m%,or$ &% /$ $sis1%ni$ $ /os -$i%n1%s = /$ on1ribui4n $ /$ %>ii%ni$ &% /os s%r3iios

&% s$/u&. Es &%ir -u%&% su-on%r 1$mbi2n un$ im-or1$n1% on1ribui4n $ /$ %onom'$

V%n%?o/$n$. E/ s%1or+ &% /$ 1%no/o0'$ %n %/ r%$ &% /$s i%ni$s &% /$ s$/u&+ s% $

%s1$&o %5-$n&i%n&o %n %/ -$'s $ un r-i&o ri1mo &% r%imi%n1o u1uro.

Sin %mb$r0o $ -%s$r &%/ -o1%ni$/ &% /$ T%/%rr$&io/o0i$+ sus 3%n1$,$s = /$

m$&ur%? 12ni$ &% sus $-/i$ion%s+ su uso si0u% si%n&o /imi1$&o+ = %/ m%r$&o

$&o/%% 1o&$3'$ &% un im-or1$n1% 0r$&o &% >r$0m%n1$i4n. Aun%s1$&o su om-romiso on /$ &i>usi4n &% /$ 1%/%m%&iin$+ /$ m$=or'$

&% /$s inii$1i3$s 1i%n%n $r1%r $is/$&o+ son &% -%


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in1%r-r%1$i4n = onsu/1$ = r%n1$r /os

-ios &% $r0$ &% 1r$b$,o+ o>r%%r un s%r3iio -%rm$n%n1%+ r%&uir /$s /is1$s &% %s-%r$-$r$ &%1%rmin$&os %5m%n%s =+ -or %nim$ &% 1o&o+ r%&uir /os os1os. Sin %mb$r0o %/

&%s$>'o ms im-or1$n1% -$r$ /$ 1%/%r$&io/o0'$ %s 0$r$n1i?$r %/ b%n%>iio &% /$

$sis1%ni$ $/ -$i%n1% = su s%0uri&$&+ sin m%n0u$ &% /$ $/i&$& &% /os s%r3iios

r$&io/40ios -r%s1$&os $/ iu&$&$no.

En V%n%?u%/$ = -or %n&% %/ Es1$&o L$r$+ %5is1% un m$ro 12nio+ -o/'1ios =

,ur'&ios >$3or$b/%s $/ &%s$rro//o &% /$ T%/%rr$&io/o0'$+ %s1$ $>irm$i4n s% sus1%n1$ %n

/os &%r%os = 0$r$n1'$s &% /$ s$/u& 1i-i>i$&o %n /$ Cons1i1ui4n &% /$ R%-b/i$Bo/i3$ri$n$ &% V%n%?u%/$ 6*** %n sus $r1'u/os ! !" = !(+ $&%ms &% %//o s%

%nu%n1r$n un$ s%ri% &% ins1rum%n1os 12nio;-o/'1ios omo %/ P/$n N$ion$/ &%

Ci%ni$ = T%no/o0'$ 6i%ni$ = 1%no/o0'$ -$r$ /$ 0%n1%+ )##+ 1$mbi2n %5is1% %/

P/$n N$ion$/ &% T%no/o0'$s &% In>orm$i4n 6)##+ ins1rum%n1o ,ur'&ios omo /$

L%= &% Ci%ni$+ T%no/o0'$ % Inno3$i4n. 6)##(. E/ D%r%1o !)(. 6)### sobr% %/

$%so = %/ uso &% In1%rn%1 omo -o/'1i$ -riori1$ri$ -$r$ %/ &%s$rro//o u/1ur$/+

%on4mio+ soi$/ = -o/'1io &% /$ R%-b/i$ Bo/i3$ri$n$ &% V%n%?u%/$. A&%ms &% /$

L%= Es-%i$/ sobr% D%/i1os In>orm1ios. 6)##+ /$ L%= Or0ni$ &% /$s

T%/%omuni$ion%s 6)###. E/ &%r%1o *# 6)##". Sobr% %/ uso &%/ So>1$r% Libr%+

= >in$/m%n1% %/ &%r%1o on >u%r?$ &% L%= No .)#" ii%n1% = $3$n?$&$ -$r$ in1%0r$rs% $ un$ r%& &%

T%/%rr$&io/o0i$ orm1ios &is-onib/%s %n /os

&i>%r%n1%s %n1ros &% s$/u& &%/ Es1$&o L$r$+ A&%ms &% %//o %s n%%s$rio un $-or1%

1%no/40io %n r%&%s in>orm1i$s


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r$&io&i$0n4s1io ,u%0$ un -$-%/ >un&$m%n1$/ %n %/ m$n%,o &% &i$s 1%no/o0'$s &% /$

in>orm$i4n &isminu=%n&o /os os1os o-%r$1i3os.

E/ C%n1ro &% Di$0n4s1io In1%0r$/ 6CDI %s un$ ins1i1ui4n &% s$/u& mo&%rn$

%orm$1o &i0i1$/ /o i$ron m$=orm%n1% /$s o-or1uni&$&%s =$ orm1i$+ $&%ms &%

&is-on%r %/ sis1%m$ s$1%/i1$/ &%/ V%n%s1$1 I+ /$ b$s%s ,ur'&i$s = 12ni$s $3or%%nun -ro=%1o &% %s1$ %n3%r0$&ur$+ 1$mbi2n /$ &is1ribui4n &% /os CDI %n 1o&os /os

munii-ios &%/ Es1$&o L$r$ in&i$n i$r -or %,%m-/o orm$i4n

r$&io/40i$ %n 1o&$s sus %1$-$s+ %s1o si0ni>i$ %/ om-romiso 12nio i%n1'>io %sion$/ 12nio+ $&%ms &% r%-r%s%n1$r un r%1o %n su >orm$i4n

%n %/ r%$ &% /$ 1%no/o0'$ in>orm1i$.


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53

CAPITULO V

CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES

Co(-#u%*o('%

. En u$n1o $ /os $3$n%s &% /$ u1i/i?$i4n &% /$ 1%no/o0'$ = /$s

1%/%omuni$ion%s %n %/ r%$ &% /$ r$&io/o0'$+ s% -o&r'$ on/uir uni4n &% /os r%ursos 1%no/40ios

&is-onib/%s+ s% -u%&% $>irm$r orm$i4n &isminu=%n&o /os os1os o-%r$1i3os+&on&% &io -%rson$/ %s1 3inu/$&o $ /$ -ro&ui4n+ -ro%s$mi%n1o = %misi4n

&% /$ in>orm$i4n r$&io/40i$ %n 1o&$s sus %1$-$s.

R'-o)'(+a-*o('% 53


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Es n%%s$ri$ /$ r%$i4n &% on>i$n?$ %n /os s%r3iios &% T%/%rr$&io/o0i$ =

$um%n1$r /$ $%-1$i4n &% %s1os s%r3iios+ $s' omo %s n%%s$ri$ /$ &%mos1r$i4n

i%n1'>i$ &% /$ %>i$i$ = /$ r%n1$bi/i&$& &% %s1os s%r3iios+ $&%ms &% un$ m$=or

s%nsibi/i?$i4n &% /$s $u1ori&$&%s r%0ion$/%s &% s$/u&+ /os -ro>%sion$/%s+ /os -$i%n1%s= -ub/io %n 0%n%r$/.

Es >un&$m%n1$/ $-/i$r %s1r$1%0i$s &% &i>usi4n = %5-$nsi4n &% %5-%ri%ni$s

&%s$rro//$&$s $s1$ $or$ $ c-%


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REERENCIAS

Bri11o m$$&o+ M.L.B.B.L ; Ri$r&o+ A.L.. ; M$$&o+ M.E.L. )###+ A3$/i$deoom-$r$1i3$ &$ %>iifni$ o&on1om21ri$ &$ r$&io0r$>i$ &i0i1$/ %m r%/$deo $osis1%m$ on3%nion$/. E/%1roni ,ourn$/ o> %n&o&on1is. A8o 3o/. ) ob1%nib/% %n11-:.%n&o,ourn$/.om.$ron1%ni&os#).1m/: onsu/1$&o %/ #(#!)##*

B%&$ E. C$s1i/o . Mor$%s L. M%&ii i/o E.)##(. As-%1o /%0$/ &$ r$&io0r$>i$&i0i1$/. R%3is1$ &% APCD;.SC$m-os Vo/um% H ; N^

Mor%no R.A. )##(+ Visu$/i?$&or on1%51u$/ &% im$0%ns m2&i$s. T%sis &o1or$/.Eso/$ Po/i12ni$+ Uni3%rsi&$& &% S$o P$u/o+ Br$?i/. Ob1%nib/% %n:11-:.1%s%s.us-.bronsu/1$&o %/ #H#!)##*.

M$r1i;Bonm$1i+ L.)##)+ Con/usion%s &%/ -rim%r sim-osium &% im$0%n &i0i1$/ %nr$&io/o0'$ = su %n1orno+ N%%si&$&%s &% /os sis1%m$s &% in>orm$i4n &%r$&io/o0'$. IX Con0r%so &% In>orm1i$ M2&i$.In>orm%& )##).

[o&$+ R$&io/o0'$ &ir%1$. Ob1%nib/% %n:11-:3%.o&$.om0/ob$/%s%$/1-ro&u1sB=T =-%&r&rPro&u1.,1m/Q-rom:h11-:.si%/os-.or0si%/o.--Qsri-1gsi9$r11%51-i&gS#)#;

"*!*)#########H/n0g%nnrmgisoj.Ro,$s M.C. )##( E5m%n%s &i0i1$/%s: C4mo r%3is$r /$s r$&io0r$>'$s %n /'n%$ Bo/%1in

&% /$ sii%&$& &% m2&ios 3%1%rin$rios = -%i/%g$r1i/%si&g7(.onsu/1$&o %/ #(#!)##*
http://www.endojournal.com.ar/contenidos02.htmlhttp://www.teses.usp.br/http://wwwve.kodak.com/global/es/health/productsByT%20ype/dr/drProduct.jhtml?pq-path=5463http://wwwve.kodak.com/global/es/health/productsByT%20ype/dr/drProduct.jhtml?pq-path=5463http://portal.revistas.bvs.br/transf.php?xsl=xsl/titles.xsl&xml=http://catserver.bireme.br/cgi-bin/wxis1660.exe/?IsisScript=../cgi-bin/catrevistas/catrevistas.xis%7Cdatabase_name=TITLES%7Clist_type=title%7Ccat_name=ALL%7Cfrom=1%7Ccount=50&lang=pt&comefrom=home&home=false&task=show_magazines&request_made_adv_search=false&lang=pt&show_adv_search=false&help_file=/help_pt.htm&connector=ET&search_exp=Acta%20Cient%20Venezhttp://portal.revistas.bvs.br/transf.php?xsl=xsl/titles.xsl&xml=http://catserver.bireme.br/cgi-bin/wxis1660.exe/?IsisScript=../cgi-bin/catrevistas/catrevistas.xis%7Cdatabase_name=TITLES%7Clist_type=title%7Ccat_name=ALL%7Cfrom=1%7Ccount=50&lang=pt&comefrom=home&home=false&task=show_magazines&request_made_adv_search=false&lang=pt&show_adv_search=false&help_file=/help_pt.htm&connector=ET&search_exp=Acta%20Cient%20Venezhttp://www.mevepa.cl/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=75http://www.endojournal.com.ar/contenidos02.htmlhttp://www.teses.usp.br/http://wwwve.kodak.com/global/es/health/productsByT%20ype/dr/drProduct.jhtml?pq-path=5463http://wwwve.kodak.com/global/es/health/productsByT%20ype/dr/drProduct.jhtml?pq-path=5463http://portal.revistas.bvs.br/transf.php?xsl=xsl/titles.xsl&xml=http://catserver.bireme.br/cgi-bin/wxis1660.exe/?IsisScript=../cgi-bin/catrevistas/catrevistas.xis%7Cdatabase_name=TITLES%7Clist_type=title%7Ccat_name=ALL%7Cfrom=1%7Ccount=50&lang=pt&comefrom=home&home=false&task=show_magazines&request_made_adv_search=false&lang=pt&show_adv_search=false&help_file=/help_pt.htm&connector=ET&search_exp=Acta%20Cient%20Venezhttp://www.mevepa.cl/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=75


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Sau>u*##o 2+ Do)=('-3 A%'(%* P+ Po-a MA+Ar*a( +P'+ra4a +Ma*+'u 2+V*#a !. A-/i$ion%s &% /$ 1%/%rr$&io/o0'$ $/ rib$,% = m$n%,o &% /os -$i%n1%son un 1r$um$1ismo r$n%o%n%>/io. R%su/1$&os &% un %s1u&io -i/o1o &%in1%ron%5i4n %n1r% un os-i1$/ om$r$/ = un %n1ro &% r%>%r%ni$

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