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SISTIM KONSTRUKSI DI KAPAL

Ada tiga sistim konstruksi di kapal, yaitu :

- Sistim konstruksi melintang - Sistim konstruksi kombinasi (campuran) - Sistim konstruksi memanjang

Sistim Ssitim Sistim konstruksi konstruksi konstruksi melintang kombinasi memanjang

GELADAK (DECK)

Profil/penegar yang -balok geladak * -pelintang geladak -pelintang geladak mendukung kekuatan -balok besar (deck transverse) melintang (strong beam)

-kantilever

Profil/penegar yang -penumpu geladak -pembujur geladak * -pemujur geladak * mendukung kekutan tengah/ samping -penumpu geladak -penumpu geJdak memanJang (deck girder)

LAMBUNG (SIDE)

Profil/penegar yang -gading (frame) * -gading (frame) * -pelintang sisi , mendukung kekuatan -gading besar -gading besar (transverse web) melintang (web frame) (transverse web)

Profil/penegar yang -senta sisi -senta sisi -pembujur sisi * mendukung kekuatan (side stringger) -sent a sisi memanJang

DASAR (BOTTOM)

Profil/penegar yang -wrang (floor) * -pelintang alas -pelintang alas mendukung kekutan (bottom transverse) melintang

Profillpenegar yang -penumpu tengah -pembujur alas * -pembujur alas * mendukung kekuatan (centre girder) (bottom longitudinal) memanJang -penumpu sampmg -penumpu tengah -penumpu tengah

(side girder) -penumpu samping -penumpu sampmg

caratan: * = profil/ penegar tersebut dipasang hampir tiap jarak gading / pembujur

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1)Wr!ng pelat pa~! sistim kJns~ruksi melin:ang:

2) Wrang terbuka pada sistim konstruksi melintang.

]) Wrang pelat pada sistim konstruksi memanjang.

u t r ;Jade sistim kcsntruksi ~elintang.

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Connection of tank top to side pntin~ by means

of marg in plate:

1 - bllse bracket ; 2 - floor:

J - ~usset: 4 - tank top:

S - bll;:~ stmkc3; 5 - slot In I10ppersided ~xtreme plato of tanktaolt top to pan bll~e brack~t:

T - margin plate top: 1 - Iide plating: ! - extreme plate 01 tank top

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In..,..ecoon ot mer.", plait Qnll IQnk 100 ;:a:tnq

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-.. - w. t. Of" 0.1. ~O ... bl. bOltom Qi,.ao" - Iloa... - marqin pic:. ----. NOII- 'N.t.o"'O.t.IjOuOl~ :JQttom Ijr~ers -ll.oot-s - mcrqin :tale -_. Semi - niqn dourxa - ~CMtom 9ird.ers .. - -. Floors ~,.. sketeton rt cor tlro.c~ets -._ . Lonqltuainals

Lon

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LongitUflinally framed bottom structure with vertical bars fitled at rnicJsp"" of lon~itUfiinals (tank top anri tank top longitudinals rernO\Oed): I - bracket at vertical k~~I; : - solid floor; J - bottom 1()/t~i~!)'J!nnl; 1- Intu

mediate vertical bar; oS - .... ertlcal bar; ~ - bilge bracket

In!"e01UI lid! A~QI.

F I.rqe ;irdtr It", t Lon9i~udinal F l.n9"- Margin

ba, \centrelineCOO"""') ,." I Itl:f!n!,gird.r I arocket

Brocket ~ Continuous I,) I

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I St1ip t Ibl

Iti ftene'

Lon91!udl~li

\ \ interC::l1Ui lide 1"der

Ai, Molt

Longirudinally framed double bottom: (a) braclctr {loor; (b) solid floor

Sectian aa I} r

(b ) rt ,/ 2 t:::::i f ?:...;..J ) LI("I

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Angle Int!rCO'5!al Cont lnuou' b~r \Ide cen"'! ~irder Upper frame \trut girder F lanql!

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Hlf~!r, o!r

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0:I O'ac~~! Flange 8ottom' frame F rat oa'

\tlffener F la! ba'lal

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1!O:O:O:O:O 0 :0(0 1 I I I I " I I o CI " ,:0 ,,!o o!o 0 0\ 010 ~,~

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Cont inuous Int!rco,t.1i c~ntr lirder Or,in "'ol~, ,ide girder

Tranrvtntly framtd doublt borro",: (a) bfTJclctt floor; (b) lolid floor

section AA

.4 CD 10(a) ill QF-lSh

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SectIon 88 Section AA (In way of eng. Rm.) 1

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~4S00 [ :: "sao BA

Floors: (J - watertlght ncar; - solid naar; 1 - vertical keel; z - keel30

section AA (In way 0' holdS) (a)

(11) AL

4t:i II I~I\ / ffi 'I II 111 U ILZhTI

INNER BOTTOM

SIDE GIRD[R ----r MARGIN PLATE - -::.:

J,, - LIGHTENING HOLE '7"" . ~~--~------------

il ~~----~===--==-': ' 0: .

... FLOOR

GO :~Ag g ~. \ :" I O~--lIMBER HOLE G , . ~--------------~-" .

PLAn: FLOOR

/'1 ,-BRACI

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L 230~I /00'14 /

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t 0-18 450

. Section of ury carqo sUip: I - dec lt beam: ~ - Cram .. ; J - Cloor; I - lieel50n; j _ centre ~CCI301l;

;::==~=I==~~~tt--rThirdde:/(

6 - rnar~ln plate; 7 - tan~ top; 8 - upper (I~ck plalin

,

~ued framing system in oil tanker

Lo~itudllla[ framing system in oil lanker PI11.

LONGITUDINAL BlILKHEAD "':

SIDE GIRDER

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..-' "" TR.ANSVERSE

STR'UCTURE IN GJ::NTRE TANK

'TRANSVERSE-: ,'TRANSVERSE

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f:lUTTRESS BrlACKET

TRANSVERSE SOE fRAMING

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BULKHEAD

WELDED CORRUGATED BULKHEADS~ . I,

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SECTION A-A

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l\lixed framing system in oil lonker

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Verlic.al uillene, IOBPI

Transverse

LJeck

Longiludinal bulkhead

Drain hnle

Ttansv~se Deck cenue gi,dr'

Longiludln~1 bulkhud

IVtflic~1 uillener lOB PI

Side "'ell

Flrur~ 8.1 Oillflnku midship uction (com bin t!d framinll: OBP - offul bulb plait!

Side shell

Deck longiludiNh

Tr.nsverse

Sill.

Fi~re 8. J Oil tanka - midship section (I. r;;/lIdinal framin~J

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:. STRINGER

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LONGITUQiIAL BULKHEAD

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CENTRE TANK

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5MALLER TANKER

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BUTTRESS 8RACK(T ... .. _.. 0

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'..'ING T.A.NK

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TIT T i

CENTRE TANK

LONGITUDINAL

CROSS TIE. . . . ' , .

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