ABSTRAKSistem terner cair-cair merupakan suatu bentuk penentuan perbandingan komponen jumlah kompo nennya. Diagram sisten terner cair-cair pada perco baan ini diuji coba pada air- kloro fom-a sam cuka. Denga n mengg unaka n Kaida h Gibb untu k menen tukan kedud ukan sistem. Dengan mengetahui massa dari masing-masing zat, akan kedudukan dalam sistem dapat ditentukan dan ditetapkan pada titik tertentu. Dalam percobaan ini hal yang ingin dicapai adalah menggambarkan diagram terner cair-cair antara air-kloroform-asam cuka dan menentukan garis dasi (tie line. Komposisi diagram terner cair ini didapatkan dengan mencampurka n ketiga kompo nen deng an perban dinga n tertentu sehin gga diper oleh suatu persentase masing-masing komponen da lam senya!a. 1
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8/10/2019 Sistem Terner Cair-cair (Laporan Pratikum) BENAR
DAFTAR ISI........................................................................................................................2
DAFTAR GAMBAR...........................................................................................................3
DAFTAR TABEL................................................................................................................4
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN........................................................................................................5
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
a. Latar Bela an!............................................................................................." #. R$m$%an Ma%ala&........................................................................................'(. Bata%an Ma%ala&..........................................................................................'). T$*$an..........................................................................................................+e. Man,aat........................................................................................................+
BAB II TIN-AUAN PUSTAKA..........................................................................................
BAN III MET/D/L/GI PENELITIAN
a. Alat )an Ba&an.............................................................................................22
(. Pr0%e)$r Ker*a..............................................................................................24). D a!ram Al r Met0)e Ker*a..........................................................................24
BAB I HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN.............................................................................2"
BAB KESIMPULAN.......................................................................................................31
Gam#ar 2.1 D a!ram Terner................................................................................................14Gam#ar 2.2 D a!ram Terner................................................................................................15
Gam#ar 2.3 D a!ram Fa%a S %tem T !a K0m 0nen............................................................1'
Gam#ar 2.4 D a!ram ,a%a a)a tem erat$r )an te anan teta ...........................................1+
Gam#ar 2.5 B )an! !ra, ) a!ram terner $nt$ t !a 0m 0nen........................................1+
Gam#ar 2." Pen!!am#aran tie line )ar en(am $ran )$a ,a%a 6an! #er#e)a a)a
et !an6a mem#ent$ %at$ ,a%a. - a e)alam %e*$mla& a r ta tam#a& an ter$% mener$% >at
terlar$t lama elamaan ter(a a %$at$ ea)aan ) mana %em$a m0le $l a r a an ter a a $nt$
men!& )ra% art el 6an! ) lar$t an %e& n!!a lar$tan t$ t )a mam $ la! mener ma >at
6an! a an ) tam#a& an. Da at ) ata an lar$tan ter%e#$t men(a a ea)aan *en$&. ?at (a r
6an! &an6a %e#a! an lar$t )alam (a ran la n6a )a at ) na an elar$tann6a )en!an
menam#a& an %$at$ >at (a r 6an! #erla nan )en!an e)$a >at (a r 6an! le# & )a&$l$
) (a r an. B la >at (a r 6an! et !a n &an6a lar$t )alam %$at$ >at (a r 6an! ter)a&$l$ ma a
# a%an6a elar$tan )ar e)$a >at (a r 6an! ter)a&$l$ t$ a an men*a) le# & e( l. Teta # la
>at (a r 6an! et !a t$ lar$t )alam e)$a >at (a r 6an! ter)a&$l$ ma a elar$tan )ar e)$a
>at (a r 6an! ter)a&$l$ a an men*a) #e%ar. Ge*ala n )a at terl &at a)a % %tem l0r0,0rm7
a%am ($ a7a r.
Kl0r0,0rm mem l elar$tan %an!at e( l )alam a r * a ) tam#a& an a%am ($ a ma aelar$tann6a a an #ertam#a& #e%ar. Hal n ) %e#a# an 0le& m$)a&n6a a%am ($ a lar$t )alam
a r )an l0r0,0rm )alam #er#a!a er#an) n!an. D a!ram e%et m#an!an ,a%a a)ala& %$at$
%$&$ )an te anan teta )a at ) n6ata an %e#a!a 3 P. S %tem 3 0m 0nen %e#enarn6a
#an6a mem$n! n an 6a n a)a er(0#aan n ) !$na an % %tem 3 0m 0nen 6an! ter) r
ata% >at (a r 6an! %e#a! an ter(am $r. Pa)a ) a!ram terner $r9a 6an! melen! $n! )alam
%e! t !a mer$ a an elar$tan antar et !a >at. D )alam $r9a ter) % )ar 2 ,a%a (a r7(a r.
Gar % )a% ata$ l ne t e mer$ a an !ar % enent$an 0m 0% % 6an! leta n6a t )a %e*a*ar
)en!an !ar % AB. Pa)a ra t $m % %tem terner (a r7(a r 6an! ) !$na an antara a r7l0r0,0rm7a%am ($ a % %tem 3 >at (a r 6an! %e#a! an ) #a! men*a) T e 1 6a t$
em#ent$ an %e a%an! >at (a r #er(am $r %e#a! an T e 2 6a t$ em#ent$ an 2 a%an! >at
(a r #er(am $r %e#a! an )an T e 3 Pem#ent$ an 3 a%an! >at (a r #er(am $r %e#a! an.
B. R$m$%an Ma%ala&
Ber)a%ar an latar #ela an! ) ata% ma%ala& 6an! )a at m$n($l )alam enel t an n
) antaran6a 1. K0n%entra% a%am ($ a 6an! ) !$na an $nt$ er(0#aan2. Men!at$r e%ta# lan %$&$ 6an! ) !$na an a)a %aat er(0#aan3. Ter(a a ata$ t )a n6a e%et m#an!an antara a r7 l0r0,0rm7a%am ($ a4. Ke%ala&an )ar ra t an )alam mela $ an er(0#aan n
C. Bata%an Ma%ala&
A!ar er(0#aan n n t )a mel$a% )alam em#a&a%ann6a ma a #er)a%ar an r$m$%an
ma%ala& ) ata% ) la $ an em#ata%an ma%ala& %e#a!a #er $t
1. A%am ($ a 6an! ) !$na an a)ala& a%am ($ a 6an! tela& ) %e) a an 0le& A% %tenLa#0rat0r $m.
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0m 0nen )alam % %tem C a)ala& *$mla& m n m$m % e% e% #e#a% 6an! ) erl$ an $nt$
menent$ an 0m 0% % %em$a ,a%a 6an! a)a )alam % %tem. De, n % n m$)a& ) #erla $ an * a % e% e% 6an! a)a )alam % %tem t )a #erea % %e& n!!a ta )a at men!& t$n! #an6a n6a.
Men$r$t D0!ra SK D0!ra S ;2 + < S$at$ ,a%e ) )e,en % an %e#a!a #a! an %6%tem
*$mla& ,a%e a)ala& P Kelar$tan %$at$ >at a)ala& %$at$ 0n%entra% ma % m$m 6an! ) (a a%$at$ >at )alam %$at$ lar$tan. Part el7 art el >at terlar$t #a #er$ a m0le $l ma$ $n
#er$ a 0n %elal$ #era)a )alam ea)aan ter& )ra% ;ter at 0le& m0le $l7m0le $l elar$t a r<.
Ma n #an6a art el >at terlar$t ma n #an6a $la m0le $l a r 6an! ) erl$ an $nt$
men!& n)ar art el >at terlar$t t$. Set a elar$t mem l #ata% ma % m$m )alam
melar$t an >at. Unt$ lar$tan 6an! ter) r )ar )$a *en % lar$tan ele tr0l t ma a )a at
mem#ent$ en)a an ;)alam ea)aan *en$&<
Men$r$t T m )0%en m a , % .; 2 1 < Pa%an!an (a ran 6an! #er(am $r %e#a! an)a at ) #a! )alam em at t e
1. T e I (am $ran )en!an tem erat$r elar$tan r t % ma % m$m m %aln6a %6%tem
a r 7 ,en0l.2. T e II (am $ran )en!an tem erat$r elar$tan r t % m n m$m m %aln6a %6%tem
a r 7 tr met l am n.3. T e III (am $ran )en!an tem erat$r elar$tan r t % ma % m$m )an m n m$m
m %aln6a %6%tem a r n 0t n.4. T e I (am $ran 6an! t )a mem $n6a tem erat$r elarr$tan r t %.
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8/10/2019 Sistem Terner Cair-cair (Laporan Pratikum) BENAR
- a e)alam %e*$mla& a r ta tam#a& an ter$% mener$% >at terlar$t lama elamaan
ter(a a %$at$ ea)aan ) mana %em$a m0le $l a r a an ter a a $nt$ men!& )ra% art el
6an! ) lar$t an %e& n!!a lar$tan t$ t )a mam $ la! mener ma >at 6an! a an ) tam#a& an.
K ta ata an lar$tan t$ men(a a ea)aan *en$&. ?at (a r 6an! &an6a %e#a! an lar$t)alam (a ran la n6a )a at ) na an elar$tann6a )en!an menam#a& an %$at$ >at (a r 6an!
#erla nan )en!an e)$a >at (a r 6an! le# & )a&$l$ ) (a r an. B la >at (a r 6an! et !a n
&an6a lar$t )alam %$at$ >at (a r ter)a&$l$ ma a # a%an6a elar$tan )ar e)$a >at (a r 6an!
ter)a&$l$ t$ a an men*a) le# & e( l. Teta # la >at (a r 6an! et !a t$ lar$t )alam e)$a
>at (a r 6an! ter)a&$l$ ma a elar$tan )ar e)$a >at (a r 6an! ter)a&$l$ a an men*a) #e%ar.
Ge*ala n )a at terl &at a)a % %tem l0r0,0rm7a%am ($ a7a r. B la a%am ($ a
) tam#a& an e)alam %$at$ (am $ran &eter0!en l0r0,0rm )an a r a)a %$&$ tertent$elar$tan l0r0,0rm )alam a r a an #ertam#a& %e& n!!a a)a %$at$ %aat a an men*a)
&0m0!en. -$mla& a%am ($ a 6an! &ar$% ) tam#a& an $nt$ men(a a t t &0m0!en ; a)a
%$&$ tertent$ ta) < ter!ant$n! )ar 0m 0% % (am $ran l0r0,0rm )alam a r
Pem %a&an %$at$ lar$tan )alam (am $ran )a at ) la $ an )en!an #er#a!a (ara %ala&
%at$n6a )en!an e %tra % . E tra % mer$ a an %$at$ met0)a 6an! ) )a%ar an a)a er#e)aan
elar$tan 0m 0nen (am $ran a)a elar$t tertent$ ) mana e)$a elar$t t )a %al n!
melar$t an.
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Dalam $n! a an ) ata% e%et m#an!an ) en!ar$& 0le& %$&$ te anan )an 0m 0% %
% %tem. -$mla& )era*at e#e#a%an $nt$ % %tem t !a 0m 0nen a)a %$&$ )an te anan teta
)a at ) n6ata an %e#a!a
F 3 P
- a )alam % %tem &an6a ter)a at %at$ ,a%a ma a F 2 #erart $nt$ men6ata an
ea)aan % %tem )en!an te at erl$ ) tent$ an 0n%entra% )ar )$a 0m 0nenn6a. Se)an! an
# la )alam % %tem ter)a at )$a ,a%a )alam e%et m#an!an ma a F 1 #erart &an6a %at$0m 0nen 6an! &ar$% ) tent$ an 0n%entra% n6a )an 0n%entra% 0m 0nen 6an! la n %$)a&
tertent$ #er)a%ar an ) a!ram ,a%a $nt$ % %tem ter%e#$t. /le& arena % %tem t !a 0m 0en
a)a %$&$ )an te anan teta mem $n6a *$mla& )era*at e#e#a%an al n! #an6a )$a ma a
) a!ram ,a%a % %tem n )a at ) !am#ar an )alam %at$ # )an! )atar #er$ a %$at$ %e! t !a
%ama % % 6an! ) %e#$t ) a!ram terner.
-$mla& ,a%a )alam % %tem >at (a r t !a 0m 0en ter!ant$n! a)a )a6a %al n! lar$t antar
>at (a r ter%e#$t )an %$&$ er(0#aan. An)a an a)a t !a >at (a r A B )an C. A )an B %al n!lar$t %e#a! an. Penam#a&an >at C e)alam (am $ran A )an B a an mem er#e%ar ata$
mem er e( l )a6a %al n! lar$t A )an B.
Cara ter#a $nt$ men!!am#ar an % %tem t !a 0m 0nen a)ala& )en!an men)a at an
%$at$ erta% !ra, %e! t !a. K0n%entra% )a at ) n6ata an )en!an %t la& er%en #erat ata$
,ra % m0l. Fra % m0l t !a 0m 0nen )ar % %tem terner ;C 3< %e%$a )en!an A B
C 1. D a!ram ,a%a 6an! ) !am#ar an %e! t !a %ama % % men*am n ) en$& n6a % ,at n
%e(ara 0t0mat % %e#a# *$mla& *ara e %e#$a& t t ) )alam %e! t !a %ama % % 6an! ) $ $r
%e*a*ar )en!an % % 7% % n6a %ama )en!an an*an! % % %e! t !a t$ 6an! )a at ) am# l %e#a!a
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8/10/2019 Sistem Terner Cair-cair (Laporan Pratikum) BENAR
0m 0nen<. Ala% %e! t !a men!!am#ar an 0m 0% % (am $ran a r7 l0r0,0rm. /le& arena
t$ % %tem t !a 0m 0nen a)a tem erat$r )an te anan teta mem $n6a *$mla& )era*at
e#e#a%an al n! #an6a )$a ma a ) a!ram ,a%a % %tem n )a at ) !am#ar an )alam ,a%a
# )an! )atar #er$ a %$at$ %e! t !a %ama % % 6an! ) %e#$t ) a!ram Terner .
B la a%am ($ a ) tam#a& an e)alam %$at$ (am $ran &eter0!en l0r0,0rm )an a r a)a
%$&$ tertent$ elar$tan l0r0,0rm )alam a r a an #ertam#a& %e& n!!a a)a %$at$ et a a an
men*a) &0m0!en. -$mla& a%am ($ a 6an! &ar$% ) tam#a& an $nt$ men(a a t t &0m0!en
; a)a %$&$ tertent$ ta) < ter!ant$n! )ar 0m 0% % (am $ran l0r0,0rm )alam a r
Den!an n )a at ) !am#ar an ) a!ram ,a%a 6an! men6ata an %$%$nan )$a 0m 0nen.
D a!ram n ) !am#ar an %e#a!a %e! t !a %ama % % . A r )an a%am ($ a )a at #er(am $r
%el$r$&n6a )em an *$!a )en!an l0r0,0rm )an a%am ($ a. A r )an l0r0,0rm &an6a )a at
(am $r %e#a! an ;At n% 2 "<.
A%am etan0at ata$ a%am ($ a a)ala& %en6a=a m a a%am 0r!an 6an! ) enal %e#a!a em#er ra%a ar0ma )alam ma anan. A%am ($ a mem l & r$m$% em r % C2H4/ 2. R$m$% n
%er n! al ) t$l % )alam #ent$ CH3C//H CH 3C//H ata$ CH 3C/ 2H. A%am ($ a mer$ a an
%ala& %at$ a%am ar#0 % lat al n! %e)er&ana %etela& a%am ,0rmal.
A%am ($ a le# & %$ a a)a a r ) #an) n! an e a)a l0r0,0rm 0le& arenan6a
#ertam#a&n6a elar$tan l0r0,0rm )alam a r le# & (e at ) #an) n! an elar$tan a r )alam
l0r0,0rm. Penam#a&an a%am ($ a #erle# & le# & lan*$t a an mem#a=a % %tem #er!era e
)aera& %at$ ,a%a ;,a%a t$n!!al<. Nam$n )em an %aat 0m 0% % men(a a t t a3 tern6atama% & a)a )$a la %an =ala$ $n %e) t.
Men$r$t R. A. Al#ert6 )an F. Dan el%. ;1 +3<. B la a%am ($ a ) tam#a& an e)alam
%$at$ (am $ran &eter0!en l0r0,0rm )an a r a)a %$&$ tertent$ elar$tan l0r0,0rm )alam
a r a an #ertam#a& %e& n!!a a)a %$at$ et a a an men*a) &0m0!en. -$mla& a%am ($ a
6an! &ar$% ) tam#a& an $nt$ men(a a t t &0m0!en ; a)a %$&$ tertent$ ta) < ter!ant$n!
)ar 0m 0% % (am $ran l0r0,0rm )alam a r
A)an6a %$at$ >at terlar$t mem en!ar$& elar$tan >at terlar$t la nn6a. E,e !aram7
Gar % e%e m#an!an E %tra mer$ a an t t 7t t ;QA QS<.
Gar % e%e m#an!an Ra, nat mer$ a an t t 7t t ; A S<.
C0nt0& ) eta&$ ,ra % %0l$t ) ra, nat A n! n ) (ar 0m 0% % ) ,a%e e %tra 6an!
#er e%e m#an!an )en!an ra, nat.
1. m$la7m$la ) eta&$ A terleta ) $r9a %e! t !a a)a !ar % ra, nat.2. Tar !ar % )ar A e $r9a M(Ca#e7 T& ele %e& n!!a ) er0le& t t T 6an!
mem $n6a 00r) nat ; A QA <. Pa)a t t T &an6a # %a ) eta&$ ,ra % %0l$t A)an QA %a*a %e)an! an %0l9en 6a t$ QS t )a ter#a(a.
3. B$at t t 0t0n! !ar % Q QA )en!an !ar % ) a!0nal A QA.4. Tar !ar % )ar t t 0t0n! n e ara& $r9a %e! t !a %am a mem0t0n! !ar % e %tra .5. Ba(ala& 0m 0% % QA )an QS .". Re%$me
D ,a%e Ra, nat A A
S S
D 17 ; A S <
D ,a%e e %tra QA QA
QS QS
QD 1 ;QA QS <
BAB III
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8/10/2019 Sistem Terner Cair-cair (Laporan Pratikum) BENAR
S %tem terner (a r mer$ a an %$at$ % %tem en(am $ran lar$tan 6an! ter) r )ar t !a
0m 0nen %en6a=a 6an! #er#e)a a)a tem erat$r 6an! %ama. S$at$ lar$tan ter a)an!
mem l 0m 0% % en6$%$n tertent$ 6an! mana * a ) l &at )ar a)an6a er$#a&an 9 %$al
et a %en6a=a7%en6a=a ter%e#$t ) (am $r an.
Pa)a )a%arn6a )alam % %tem terner (a r7(a r n men!!$na an r n% er#e)aaan
)en% ta% )an elar$tan antara %at$ 0m 0nen )en!an 0m 0nen la nn6a. A)an6a enam#a&an
>at:%en6a=a et !a a an mem en!ar$& er%enta%e e)$a >at: %en6a=a a)a lar$tan
%e#el$mn6a.
A r )an l0r0,0rm mer$ a an %en6a=a 6an! t )a %al n! melar$t an. Hal n
) %e#a# an a)an6a er#e)aan ma%%a *en % ;densitas antara e)$an6a. Pa)a tem erat$r amar
a r mem l )en% ta% %e tar 1 !r:ml %e)an! an l0r0,0rm #er %ar 1 43 !r:ml. Dan et a
) (am $r an terl &at er#e)aan 6an! men$n*$ an ter*a) em %a&an antara e)$a %en6a=ater%e#$t %e& n!!a t )a %al n! #er(am $r. Lar$tan 6an! #era)a ) ata% mer$ a an a r
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8/10/2019 Sistem Terner Cair-cair (Laporan Pratikum) BENAR
2. Menent$ an m0l H2/ CHCL3 CH3C//H3. Menent$ an CH3C//H4. B$at !ra, 3 0m 0nen )ar %am el L1 CH3C//H H2/
L2 CH3C//H CHCL35. #$at !ra, L1 )an L2
Perhitungan
D eta&$
•
•
•
•
•
•
D tan6a
• 0l$me a r l0r0,0rm )an a%am a%etat 6an! ) !$na an • M0l a r l0r0,0rm )an a%am a%etat 6an! ) !$na an • Fra % m0l )ar %et a 0m 0nen • D a!ram terner ma% n!7ma% n! ta#$n! • K$r9a # n0)al
en6ele%a an
A. Menent$ an 0m 0nen ma% n!7ma% n! %en6a=a1. Menent$ an 90l$me a r 6an! ) !$na an
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