Pertemuan 24 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

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Pertemuan 24Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

Matakuliah : M0084/Sistem Informasi dalam Manajemen

Tahun : 2005

Versi : 1/1

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Learning Outcomes

Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa

akan mampu :

• Mahasiswa dapat Menguraikan pentingnya menjaga pengetahuan yang dimiliki perusahaan (C2)

• Mahasiswa dapat Menghubungkan beberapa metode baik secara kultur maupun sistem dalam menata pengetahuan perusahaan (C4)

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Outline Materi

• Knowledge Management in the organization

• Information and knowledge work system

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SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL

• The development of information systems requires certain knowledge and skills

• It is possible to identify not only the types of knowledge and skill needed by information specialists and users, but also how users can be divided into general management and their staff

• Table 4.1 identifies the types of knowledge needed and whether they are of major, intermediate, or minor importance

• In the same way, we can identify different types of skills and their relative importance (Table 4.2)

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Knowledge Management • This knowledge relates to the firm's processes,

technology, management, and interactions with its environmental elements

• Firms are embarking on projects to develop knowledge management systems for the purpose of achieving a competitive advantage

• Firms typically regard KM as another type of system to be developed as an IS that gathers knowledge, stores it and makes it available to users

• Table 4.3 lists the challenges that must be faced by firms in developing KM systems

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A Successful KM Development Project at Nortel Networks

• Nortel Networks (using knowledge management software from Excalibur Technologies) credits its pilot KM project with enabling its transformation from a technology-focused company to one that is opportunity/customer-focused

• The old new product development system illustrated in Figure 4.10 consisted of a five-phase process

• The new project involved an NPD system that enabled Nortel to: – leverage multidisciplinary NPD knowledge assets;– improve NPD decision making; and – facilitate learning and knowledge exchange

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1.12 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

Organizational learningOrganizational learning

• Creation of new standard operating Creation of new standard operating procedures and business processes procedures and business processes

Knowledge managementKnowledge management

• Set of processes Set of processes

• Creates, gathers, stores, maintains, and Creates, gathers, stores, maintains, and disseminates knowledgedisseminates knowledge

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management

1.13 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

Chief Knowledge Officer (CKO)Chief Knowledge Officer (CKO)

• Senior executive in charge of Senior executive in charge of organization’s knowledge management organization’s knowledge management programprogram

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management

1.14 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

Tacit KnowledgeTacit Knowledge

• Expertise and experience not formally Expertise and experience not formally documenteddocumented

Best PracticesBest Practices

• Successful solutions or problem-solving Successful solutions or problem-solving methods developed by specific methods developed by specific organization or industryorganization or industry

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION

Systems and Infrastructure for Knowledge Management

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.15 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

Organizational MemoryOrganizational Memory

• Stored learning from organization’s Stored learning from organization’s history history

• Used for decision making and other Used for decision making and other purposespurposes

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

Systems and Infrastructure for Knowledge Management

1.16 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

IT Infrastructure for Knowledge Management

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

Figure 10-1

1.17 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

• Consists of creating or processing Consists of creating or processing informationinformation

• Divided into knowledge workers and data Divided into knowledge workers and data workersworkers

INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

Information Work

1.18 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

Office systemsOffice systems

• Manage and coordinate work of data and Manage and coordinate work of data and knowledge workersknowledge workers

• Connect work of local information workers Connect work of local information workers with all levels and functions of organizationwith all levels and functions of organization

• Connect organization to external worldConnect organization to external world

• Example: Word processing, voice mail, and Example: Word processing, voice mail, and imagingimaging

INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS

Distributing Knowledge: Office and Document Management Systems

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.19 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS

The Three Major Roles of Offices

Figure 10-2

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.20 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

Document imaging systemsDocument imaging systems

• Convert documents and images into digital Convert documents and images into digital form form

• Can be stored and accessed by the computerCan be stored and accessed by the computer

JukeboxJukebox

• Device for storing and retrieving many optical Device for storing and retrieving many optical disksdisks

Typical Office Systems

INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.21 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS

Components of an Imaging System

Figure 10-3

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.22 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS

Web Publishing and Document Management

Figure 10-4

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.23 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

Knowledge Work Systems (KWS)Knowledge Work Systems (KWS)

• Information systemInformation system

• Aid knowledge workers in creation and Aid knowledge workers in creation and integration of new knowledge integration of new knowledge

Creating Knowledge: Knowledge Work Systems

INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.24 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

Changes in the Construction Project Management Process

INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

Figure 10-5

1.25 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

• Specialized toolsSpecialized tools

• User-friendly interfaceUser-friendly interface

Requirements of Knowledge Work Systems

INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.26 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

Requirements of Knowledge Work Systems

INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

Figure 10-6

1.27 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

• Computer-aided design (CAD)Computer-aided design (CAD)

• Virtual reality systemsVirtual reality systems

• Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML)Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML)

• Investment workstationsInvestment workstations

Examples of Knowledge Work Systems

INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.28 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

• GroupwareGroupware

• Intranets and Enterprise Knowledge Intranets and Enterprise Knowledge EnvironmentsEnvironments

• Enterprise information portalsEnterprise information portals

• TeamwareTeamware

Sharing Knowledge: Group Collaboration Systems and Enterprise Knowledge Environments

INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

1.29 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

An Enterprise Information Portal

INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

Figure 10-7

1.30 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

• Effort to develop computer-based Effort to develop computer-based systems that behave as humanssystems that behave as humans

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

What is Artificial Intelligence?

1.31 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

• Artificial Intelligence:Artificial Intelligence:

– Stores information in active form

– Creates mechanism not subjected to human feelings

– Eliminates routine and unsatisfying jobs

– Enhances organization’s knowledge base

– Generates solution to specific problems

Why Business is Interested in Artificial Intelligence

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

1.32 © 2003 by Prentice Hall

The Artificial Intelligence Family

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital FirmChapter 10 Managing Knowledge for the Digital Firm

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Figure 10-8

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End of Session 24