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PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH CAIR RS

Jun 02, 2018

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  • 8/10/2019 PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH CAIR RS

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    LAPORAN KHUSUSPENGELOLAAN LIMBAH CAIR RSUP DR. KARIADIMata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    Dumilah Noviana / 25010114410037Eli Nurmawati / 25010114410059

    ......................... ........

    ..................

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    DAFTAR II

    BAB I: PENDAHULUAN

    I.1. LATAR BELAKANG

    I.2. PERMASALAHAN

    BAB II: TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

    II.1. LANDASAN HUKUM PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH SAKIT

    II.2. LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH SAKIT

    A.DEFENISI LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH SAKIT

    B.SUMBER LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH SAKIT

    C.KOMPONEN PRIMER AIR LIMBAH

    D. KARAKTERISTIK AIR LIMBAH

    E. PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH

    F. PEMERIKSAAN LIMBA OLAHAN

    BAB III: PENGUMPULAN DATA LIMBAH CAIR RSUP DR. KARIADI

    BAB IV: PEMBAHASAN

    BAB IV: PENUTUP

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    "

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    .!A! I

    "ENDA#$%$AN

    I.1. %atar !&la'an(

    Rumah sa!" #a$ !$s"!"us! %s%ha"a$ &a!$ a#a&ah s%'uah '%$"u !$#us"(! )asa *a$+ "!#a

    '%('%#a #%$+a$ !$#us"(! 'a(a$+. K,m-,$%$ ma$us!a m%s!$ #a$ -%(a&a"a$ s%("a %$%(+!

    m%(u-aa$ as%" !$#us"(! *a$+ aa$ m%$%$"ua$ "u)ua$ -%(usahaa$. P(,s%s #a&am (umah sa!"

    #a$ !$s"!"us! %s%ha"a$ &a!$ sa$+a" ,m-&%s 'a+! #!has!&a$$*a %&ua(a$ /output0 *a$+

    m%muasa$ #a$ "%$"u$*a #a(! -(,s%s %()a *a$+ s%ha" #a$ s%&ama". Rumah sa!" m%(u-aa$

    -%&a*a$a$ %s%ha"a$ "%(ha#a- !$#!!#u -as!%$ #a$ mas*a(aa" #%$+a$ !$"! -%&a*a$a$ m%#!

    'a! -%$%+aha$ -%m%&!ha(aa$ -%$+,'a"a$ #a$ -%$*%m'uha$ *a$+ #!-(,s%s s%a(a "%(-a#u

    a+a( m%$a-a! -%&a*a$a$ %s%ha"a$ -a(!-u($a.

    D!sam-!$+ %+!a"a$ -%&a*a$a$ %s%ha"a$ u$"u -%$*%m'uha$ -as!%$ (umah sa!"

    )u+a m%$)a#! m%#!a -%ma-a(a$ #a$ a"au -%$u&a(a$ -%$*a!" 'a+! -a(a -as!%$ -%"u+as

    -%$+u$)u$+ mau-u$ mas*a(aa" s%!"a( *a$+ "!$++a& #%a" (umah sa!" *a$+ #!s%'a'a$ ,&%h

    agent/,m-,$%$ -%$*%'a' -%$*a!"0 *a$+ "%(#a-a" #!&!$+u$+a$ (umah sa!". Rumah sa!"

    )u+a m%$+has!&a$ sam-ah a"au &!m'ah *a$+ #a-a" m%$!m'u&a$ #am-a $%+a"!3 "%(ha#a-

    &!$+u$+a$ 'a! &!$+u$+a$ (umah sa!" !"u s%$#!(! mau-u$ &!$+u$+a$ s%!"a($*a. O&%h

    a(%$a !"u #!#a&am -%$*%&%$++a(aa$ -%&a*a$a$ %s%ha"a$ (umah sa!" -%(&u m%$%(a-a$

    u-a*a u$"u m%$!a#aa$ a"au m%$+u(a$+! s%%!& mu$+!$ #am-a $%+a"!% "%(s%'u".

    A!( &!m'ah *a$+ '%(asa& #a(! &!m'ah (umah sa!" m%(u-aa$ sa&ah sa"u sum'%(

    -%$%ma(a$ a!( *a$+ sa$+a" -,"%$s!a&. Ha& !$! #!s%'a'a$ a(%$a a!( &!m'ah (umah sa!"

    m%$+a$#u$+ s%$*a4a ,(+a$! *a$+ uu- "!$++! s%$*a4a !m!a #a$ m!(,5,(+a$!sm%

    -a",+%$ *a$+ #a-a" m%$*%'a'a$ -%$*a!" "%(aha#a- mas*a(aa" #! s%!"a($*a. O&%h a(%$a

    -,"%$s! #am-a $%+a"!3 a!( &!m'ah (umah sa!" sa$+a" '%sa( maa s%"!a- (umah sa!"

    #!ha(usa$ m%$+,&ah a!( &!m'ah$*a sam-a! m%m%$uh! -%(s*a(a"a$ s"a$#a( *a$+ '%(&au.

    I.2. "&rumu)an ma)alah

    B%(#asa(a$ &a"a( '%&aa$+ #! a"as maa #a&am "u+as u$)u$+a$ !$! #a-a" #!'ua"

    (umusa$ masa&ah "%$"a$+ 'a+a!ma$a -%$+%&,&aa$ &!m'ah a!( #! Rumah Sa!" D(. Ka(!a#!6

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

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    !A! II* TIN+A$AN "$TA,A

    II.1. %an-a)an #u'um "&n(&lolaan %imah air Rumah a'it

    U.U.$, 78 Tahu$ 299 T%$"a$+ K%s%ha"a$

    U.U.$, ;; Tahu$ 299 T%$"a$+ Rumah Sa!"

    U.U.$, 72 Tahu$ 299 T%$"a$+ P%(&!$#u$+a$ #a$ P%$+%&,&aa$ L!$+u$+a$ H!#u-

    U.U.$, < Tahu$ 1 T%$"a$+ P%(&!$#u$+a$ K,$sum%$

    U.U.$, 1. Tahu$ 1=9 T%$"a$+ K%s%&ama"a$ K%()a

    PP $, 1< Tahu$ 1 J, N,. Taha$ 1 T%$"a$+ P%$+%&,&aa$ L!m'ah Baha$

    B%('aha*a #a$ B%(au$.

    K%- M%$ K%s $, 129; Tahu$ 299; T%$"a$+ P%(s*a(a"a$ K%s%ha"a$ L!$+u$+a$Rumah Sa!"

    K%- Gu' P(,!$s! Ja4a T%$+ah N, 19 Tahu$ 299; Bau Mu"u L!m'ah

    K%- Gu' P(,!$s! Ja4a T%$+ah $, > Tahu$ 2912 T%$"a$+ P%$+%&,&aa$ A!( L!m'ah

    II.2. %imah air Rumah a'it

    A.D&&ni)i limah air rumah )a'it

    L!m'ah a#a&ah s%mua 'aha$ s!sa *a$+ #a-a" *a$+ #a-a" '%(u-a -a#a" a!(

    +as *a$+ #!has!&a$ #a(! s%'uah %+!a"a$. L!m'ah (umah sa!" a#a&ah s%mua &!m'ah

    *a$+ #!has!&a$ #a(! %+!a"a$ (umah sa!" #a&am '%$"u -a#a" a!( #a$ +as. L!m'ah

    Ca!( RS a#a&ah s%mua 'aha$ 'ua$+a$ '%('%$"u a!( '%(asa& #a(! Rumah Sa!" *a$+

    %mu$+!$a$ m%$+a$#u$+ m!(,,(+a$!sm% -a",+%$ 'aha$ !m!a'%(au$ #a$

    (a#!,a"!3 /SK.M%$ KLH N, KEP5>

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    E&%m%$ '!,&,+!s #a&am s!s"%m -%(a!(a$ '%(a!"a$ %(a" #%$+a$ ,m-,$%$5

    ,m-,$%$ !m!a. P%$+%"ahua$ m%$+%$a! ,m-,$%$ -(!m%( sa$+a" -%$"!$+ u$"u

    m%$+a$a&!s!s %&%m%$ '!,&,+!s #a$ m%$+a$a&!s!s %3% #a(! -%(u'aha$ ua&!"as a!(.

    K,m-,$%$5,m-,$%$ #a&am -%(a!(a$ #a-a" #!&as!3!as!a$ #a&am "!+a %&,m-,

    *a$+ #!s%'u" a"5a" ,(+a$! *a$+ "%(#!(! #a(! s%$*a4a ,(+a$! a&am #a$ s%$*a4a

    ,(+a$! s!$"%"!s 'aha$5'aha$ a$,(+a$! #a$ +as. K,m-,$%$ #asa( #a(! s%$*a4a

    ,(+a$! a#a&ah a(',$ h!#(,+%$ ,s!+%$ $!"(,+%$ 3,s3,( #a$ su&3u(. T!+a #a(!

    %&,m-, s%$*a4a ,(+a$! a#a&ah -(,"%!$ a(',h!#(a" #a$ &!-!#a. P(,"%!$ m%(u-aa$

    'aha$ #asa( #a(! s%&5s%& '!$a"a$+ *a$! s%!"a( ;9589. Ka(a"%(!s"! *a$+ #!%"ahu!

    #a(! -(,"%!$ a#a&ah a$#u$+a$ $!"(,+(%$ #!#a&am$*a. Ka(',h!#(a" m%(u-aa$ 'aha$

    -%$*usu$ u"ama #a&am s%& "um'uha$ #a$ m%&!-u"! s%&u&,sa s%(a" a*u +u&a #a$

    "%-u$+. L!-!#a "!#a "%(&a(u" #a&am a!( #a$ m%&!-u"! &%ma m!$*a #a$ &!&!$. a"5a"

    ,(+a$! #! #a&am a!( #a&am a#a( *a$+ (%$#ah #a$ ha$*a s%'a+!a$ %!& #a(! s%&u(uh

    )um&ah -a#a"a$ *a$+ a#a. K%'%(a#aa$ s%$*a4a ,(+a$! #! #a&am a!( aa$

    m%$!m'u&a$ '%('a+a! masa&ah a$"a(a &a!$ masa&ah (asa #a$ 'au. K%'%(a#aaa$

    s%$*a4a ,(+a$! )u+a m%$*%'a'a$ a!( m%m%(&ua$ -(,s%s -%$+,&aha$ a!( '%(s!h

    *a$+ &%'!h ,m-&%s m%$u(u$a$ a$#u$+a$ ,s!+%$ s%("a m%$*%'a'a$

    "%('%$"u$*a su's"a$s! '%(au$ /Sa"! A. S!(%+a( 299> : 1>0.

    D. ,ara't&ri)ti' air limah

    Ka(a"%(!s"! &!m'ah a!( #a-a" #!%"ahu! m%$u(u" s!3a" #a$ a(a"%(!s"!

    !m!a '!,&,+!s #a$ 3!s!a. S"u#! a(a"%(!s"! &!m'ah -%(&u #!&aua$ a+a( #a-a"

    #!-aham! s!3a"5s!3a" "%(s%'u" s%("a ,$s%$"(as!$*a #a$ s%)auh ma$a "!$+a" -%$%ma(a$

    #a-a" #!"!m'u&a$ &!m'ah "%(ha#a- &!$+u$+a$ /P%(#a$a G!$"!$+ 299= : ;>0. Da&am

    m%$%$"ua$ a(a"%(!s"! &!m'ah maa a#a "!+a )%$!s s!3a" *a$+ ha(us #!%"ahu! *a!"u:

    10 S!3a" F!s!

    a. Pa#a"a$

    Da&am &!m'ah #!"%mua$ a" -a#a" *a$+ s%a(a umum #!&as!3!as!a$

    %#a&am #ua %&,m-, '%sa( *a!"u -a#a"a$ "%(&a(u" #a$ -a#a"a$ "%(sus-%$s!. Pa#a"a$

    "%(sus-%$s! "%(#!(! #a(! -a("!%& ,&,!# #a$ -a("!%& '!asa. J%$!s -a("!%& #a-a"

    #!'%#aa$ '%(#asa(a$ #!am%"%($*a. J%$!s -a#a"a$ "%(&a(u" mau-u$ "%(sus-%$s! #a-a"

    '%(s!3a" ,(+a$!s #a$ a$,(+a$!s "%(+a$"u$+ #a(! ma$a sum'%( &!m'ah. D!sam-!$+ %#ua

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    #

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    )%$!s -a#a"a$ !$! a#a&a+! -a#a"a$ "%(%$#a- a(%$a m%m-u$*a! #!am%"%( *a$+ &%'!h

    '%sa( #a$ #a&am %a#aa$ "%$a$+ #a&am '%'%(a-a 4a"u aa$ m%$+%$#a- s%$#!(!

    a(%$a '%(a"$*a. a" -a#a" "%(sus-%$s! *a$+ m%$+a$#u$+ a"5a" ,(+a$! -a#a

    umum$*a "%(#!(! #a(! -(,"%!$ +a$++a$+ #a$ 'a"%(!.

    '. K%%(uha$

    S!3a" %(uh a!( #a-a" #!&!ha" #%$+a$ ma"a s%a(a &a$+su$+ a(%$a a#a -a("!%&

    ,&,!#a& *a$+ "%(#!(! #a(! "a$ah &!a" s!sa 'aha$5'aha$ -(,"%!$ #a$ +a$++a$+ *a$+

    "%(#a-a" #a&am &!m'ah. K%%(uha$ m%(u-aa$ s!3a" ,-"!s &a(u"a$. S!3a" %(uh m%m'ua"

    h!&a$+ $!&a! %s"%"!a$*a.

    . Bau

    S!3a" 'au &!m'ah #!s%'a'a$ a(%$a a"5a" ,(+a$! *a$+ "%&ah '%(u(a! #a&am

    &!m'ah m%$+%&ua(a$ +as5+as s%-%("! su&3!#a a"au am,$!a *a$+ m%$!m'u&a$

    -%$!uma$ "!#a %$a *a$+ #!s%'a'a$ a#a$*a am-u(a$ #a(! $!"(,+%$ su&3u( #a$

    3,s3,( *a$+ '%(asa& #a(! -%m'usua$ -(,"%!$ *a$+ #!a$#u$+ &!m'ah. T!m'u&$*a 'au

    *a$+ #!a!'a"a$ &!m'ah m%(u-aa$ sua"u !$#!a",( 'ah4a "%()a#! -(,s%s a&am!ah.

    #.T%m-%(a"u(

    L!m'ah *a$+ m%m-u$*a! "%m-%(a"u( -a$as aa$ m%$++a$++u -%("um'uha$

    '!,"a "%("%$"u. T%m-%(a"u( *a$+ #!%&ua(a$ sua"u &!m'ah a!( ha(us m%(u-aa$

    "%m-%(a"u( a&am!. Suhu '%(3u$+s! m%m-%(&!ha"a$ a"!!"as !m!a4! #a$ '!,&,+!s.

    Pa#a suhu "!$++! -%$+%$"a&a$ a!(a$ '%(u(a$+ #a$ m%$+u(a$+! s%#!m%$"as!. T!$+a"

    a" ,s!#as! &%'!h '%sa( -a#a suhu "!++! #a$ -%m'usua$ )a(a$+ "%()a#! -a#a suhu

    (%$#ah.

    %. a($a

    a($a #a&am a!( #!s%'a'a$ a#a$*a !,$5!,$ &,+am '%s! #a$ ma$+a$ /s%a(a

    a&am!0 humus -&a$",$ "a$ama$ a!( #a$ 'ua$+a$. a($a '%(a!"a$ #%$+a$

    %%(uha$ #a$ #%$+a$ m%$+h!&a$+a$ %%(uha$ %&!ha"a$ 4a($a $*a"a. D%m!!a$

    -u&a 4a($a #a-a" #!s%'a'a$ ,&%h a"5a" "%(&a(u" #a$ a" "%(sus-%$s!. a($a

    m%$!m'u&a$ -%ma$#a$+a$ *a$+ )%&% #a&am a!( &!m'ah m%s!-u$ 4a($a "!#a

    m%$!m'u&a$ (au$.

    20 S!3a" K!m!a

    Ka(a"%(!s"! !m!a a!( &!m'ah #!"%$"ua$ ,&%h Biological Oxygen Demand

    /BOD0 Chemical Oxygen Demand/COD0 #a$ &,+am5&,+am '%(a" *a$+ "%(a$#u$+

    #a&am a!( &!m'ah. T%s BOD #a&am a!( &!m'ah m%(u-aa$ sa&ah sa"u m%",#% *a$+

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    %

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    -a&!$+ 'a$*a #!+u$aa$ sam-a! saa" !$!. M%",#% -%$+uu(a$ &!m'ah #%$+a$ a(a !$!

    s%'%$a($*a m%(u-aa$ -%$+uu(a$ "!#a &a$+su$+ #a(! 'aha$ ,(+a$!. P%$+u)!a$

    #!&aua$ -a#a "%m-%(a"u( 299C s%&ama > ha(!. Ka&au #!s%sua!a$ #%$+a$ "%m-%(a"u(

    a&am! I$#,$%s!a maa s%ha(us*a -%$+uu(a$ #a-a" #!&aua$ -a#a &%'!h u(a$+ 79 9C.

    P%$+uu(a$ #%$+a$ COD &%'!h s!$+a" "%"a-! "!#a mam-u m%$+uu( &!m'ah *a$+

    #!,s!#as! s%a(a '!,&,+!s. N!&a!5$!&a! COD s%&a&u &%'!h "!$++! #a(! $!&a! BOD.

    a. B!,&,+!a& O*+%$ D%ma$# /BOD0

    P%m%(!saa$ BOD #a&am &!m'ah #!#asa(a$ a"as (%as! ,s!#as! a"5a"

    ,(+a$!s #%$+a$ ,s!+%$ #a&am a!( #!ma$a -(,s%s "%(s%'u" #a-a" '%(&a$+su$+ a(%$a

    a#a s%)um&ah 'a"%(!. D!-%(h!"u$+a$ s%&ama #ua ha(! (%as! &%'!h #a(! s%'a+!a$

    (%as! "%&ah "%(a-a!. BOD a#a&ah %'u"uha$ ,s!+%$ 'a+! s%)um&ah 'a"%(! u$"u

    m%$+u(a!a$ s%mua a"5a" ,(+a$! *a$+ "%(&a(u" mau-u$ s%'a+!a$ "%(sus-%$s! #a&am

    a!( m%$)a#! 'aha$ ,(+a$! *a$+ &%'!h s%#%(ha$a. N!&a! !$! ha$*a m%(u-aa$ )um&ah

    'aha$ ,(+a$! *a$+ #!,$sums! 'a"%(!. P%$+u(a!a$ a"5a" ,(+a$!s !$! "%()a#! s%a(a

    a&am!. D%$+a$ ha'!s$*a ,s!+%$ "%(,$sums! m%m'ua" '!,"a &a!$$*a *a$+

    m%m'u"uha$ ,s!+%$ m%$)a#! %u(a$+a$ #a$ a!'a"$*a '!,"a *a$+ m%m%(&ua$

    ,s!+%$ !$! "!#a #a-a" h!#u-. S%ma!$ "!$++! a$+a BOD s%ma!$ su&!" 'a+! mah&u

    a!( *a$+ m%m'u"uha$ ,s!+%$ u$"u '%("aha$ h!#u-.

    '. Ch%m!a& O*+%$ D%ma$# /COD0

    P%$+uu(a$ %ua"a$ &!m'ah #%$+a$ COD a#a&ah '%$"u &a!$ -%$+uu(a$

    %'u"uha$ ,s!+%$ #a&am a!( &!m'ah. M%",#% !$! &%'!h s!$+a" 4a"u*a #!'a$#!$+a$

    #%$+a$ a$a&!s!s BOD. P%$+uu(a$ !$! m%$%a$a$ %'u"uha$ ,s!+%$ aa$ !m!a

    #!ma$a s%$*a4a5s%$*a4a *a$+ #!uu( a#a&ah 'aha$5'aha$ *a$+ "!#a #!-%ah s%a(a

    '!,!m!a. A#a$*a (au$ a"au &,+am "%("%$"u #a&am &!m'ah maa -%("um'uha$ 'a"%(!

    aa$ "%(ha&a$+ #a$ -%$+uu(a$ BOD m%$)a#! "!#a (%a&!s"!s. U$"u m%$+a"as!$*a

    &%'!h "%-a" m%++u$aa$ a$a&!s!s COD. COD a#a&ah s%)um&ah ,s!+%$ *a$+

    #!'u"uha$ u$"u m%$+,s!#as! a"5a" a$,(+a$!s #a$ ,(+a$!s s%'a+a!ma$a -a#a

    BOD. A$+a COD m%(u-aa$ uu(a$ 'a+! -%$%ma(a$ a!( ,&%h a" a$,(+a$!.

    S%ma!$ #%a" $!&a! BOD "%(ha#a- COD m%$u$)ua$ 'ah4a s%ma!$ s%#!!" 'aha$

    a$,(+a$! *a$+ #a-a" #!,s!#as! #%$+a$ 'aha$ !ma. Pa#a &!m'ah *a$+ m%$+a$#u$+

    &,+am5&,+am -%m%(!saa$ "%(ha#a- BOD "!#a m%m'%(! ma$3aa" a(%$a "!#a a#a

    'aha$ ,(+a$! #!,s!#a. Ha& !$! '!sa )a#! a(%$a &,+am m%(u-aa$ (au$ 'a+! 'a"%(!.

    P%m%(!saa$ COD &%'!h %-a" #a$ s%sa"a$$*a &%'!h mu#ah m%$+a$"!s!-as!$*a.

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    &

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    P%('a$#!$+a$ BOD #%$+a$ COD -a#a umum$*a '%(a(!as! u$"u '%('a+a! )%$!s

    &!m'ah. A#a-u$ -%('a$#!$+a$ a$"a(a BOD #%$+a$ COD #a-a" #!&!ha" -a#a :

    . M%"a$

    Gas m%"a$ "%('%$"u a!'a" -%$+u(a!a$ a"5a" ,(+a$! #a&am ,$#!s! a$a%(,'

    -a#a a!( &!m'ah. Gas !$! #!has!&a$ ,&%h &um-u( *a$+ m%m'usu -a#a #asa( ,&am

    "!#a '%(#%'u "!#a '%(4a($a #a$ mu#ah "%('aa(. M%"a$ )u+a #a-a" #!"%mua$ -a#a

    (a4a5(a4a #a$ sa4ah. Sua"u ,&am &!m'ah *a$+ m%$+has!&a$ +as m%"a$ aa$ s%#!!"

    s%a&! m%$+has!&a$ &um-u( s%'a' &um-u( "%&ah ha'!s "%(,&ah m%$)a#! +as m%"a$ #a$

    a!( s%("a CO.

    #. K%asama$ A!(

    K%asama$ a!( #!uu( #%$+a$ -H m%"%(. K%asama$ #!"%"a-a$ '%(#asa(a$

    "!$++! (%$#ah$*a ,$s%$"(as! !,$ h!#(,+%$ #a&am a!(. A!( 'ua$+a$ *a$+ m%m-u$*a!

    -H "!$++! a"au (%$#ah m%$)a#!a$ a!( s"%(!& #a$ s%'a+a! a!'a"$*a m%m'u$uh

    m!(,,(+a$!sm% a!( *a$+ #!-%(&ua$ u$"u %-%(&ua$ '!,"a "%("%$"u. D%m!!a$ )u+a

    mah&u5mah&u &a!$ "!#a #a-a" h!#u- s%-%("! !a$. A!( *a$+ m%m-u$*a! -H (%$#ah

    m%m'ua" a!( ,(,s!3 "%(ha#a- 'aha$5'aha$ ,$s"(us! '%s! *a$+ ,$"a #%$+a$ a!(.%. A&a&!$!"as

    T!$++! (%$#ah$*a a&a&!$!"as a!( #!"%$"ua$ a!( s%$*a4a a(',$a" +a(am5

    +a(am h!#(,s!#a a&s!um ma+$%s!um #a$ $a"(!um #a&am a!(. T!$++!$*a a$#u$+a$

    a"5a" "%(s%'u" m%$+a!'a"a$ %sa#aha$ #a&am a!(. S%ma!$ "!$++! %sa#aha$ sua"u

    a!( s%ma!$ su&!" a!( '%('u!h. U$"u m%$u(u$a$ %sa#aha$ a!( #!&aua$ -%&u$aa$

    a!(. P%$+uu(a$ a&a&!$!"as a!( a#a&ah -%+uu(a$ a$#u$+a$ !,$ CaCO !,$ M+

    '!a(',$a" #a$ &a!$5&a!$.

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    '

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    3. L%ma #a$ m!$*a

    Ka$#u$+a$ &%ma #a$ m!$*a *a$+ "%(a$#u$+ #a&am &!m'ah '%(sum'%( #a(!

    !$s"a&as! *a$+ m%$+,&ah 'aha$ 'au m%$+a$#u$+ m!$*a. L%ma #a$ m!$*a

    m%(u-aa$ 'aha$ ,(+a$!s '%(s!3a" "%"a- #a$ sua( #!u(a!a$ 'a"%(!. L!m'ah !$!

    m%m'ua" &a-!sa$ -a#a -%(muaa$ a!( s%h!$++a m%m'%$"u s%&a-u".

    +. Os!+%$ "%(&a(u"

    K%a#aa$ ,s!+%$ "%(&a(u" '%(&a4a$a$ #%$+a$ %a#aa$ BOD. S%ma!$ "!++!

    BOD s%ma!$ (%$#ah ,s!+%$ "%(&a(u". K%a#aa$ ,s!+%$ "%(&a(u" #a&am a!( #a-a"

    m%$u$)ua$ "a$#a5"a$#a %h!#u-a$ !a$ #a$ '!,"a #a&am -%(a!(a$. K%mam-ua$ a!(

    u$"u m%$+a#aa$ -%mu&!ha$ s%a(a a&am! 'a$*a "%(+a$"u$+ -a#a "%(s%#!a$*a

    ,s!+%$ "%(&a(u". A$+a ,s!+%$ *a$+ "!$++! m%$u$)ua$ %a#aa$ a!( s%ma!$ 'a!.

    Pa#a "%m-%(a"u( #a$ "%a$a$ u#a(a a&am! a$#u$+a$ ,s!+%$ #a&am a!( a&am! '!sa

    m%$a-a! < m+?&!"%(. A%(a",( sa&ah sa"u a&a" *a$+ '%(3u$+s! m%$!$+a"a$ a$#u$+a$

    ,s!+%$ #a&am a!(. Lumu" #a$ s%)%$!s +a$++a$+ m%$)a#! sum'%( ,s!+%$ a(%$a

    -(,s%s 3,",s!$"%s!s m%&a&u! 'a$"ua$ s!$a( ma"aha(!. S%ma!$ 'a$*a +a$++a$+

    s%ma!$ 'asa( a$#u$+a$ ,s!+%$$*a.

    h. K&,(!#a

    K&,(!#a m%(u-aa$ a" "%(&a(u" #a$ "!#a m%$*%(a-. S%'a+a! &,( '%'as

    '%(3u$+s! #%s!$3%"a$ "%"a-! #a&am '%$"u !,$ *a$+ '%(s%$*a4a #%$+a$ !,$ $a"(!um

    m%$*%'a'a$ a!( m%$)a#! as!$ #a$ #a-a" m%(usa -!-a5-!-a !$s"a&as!.

    !. Ph,s-a"

    Ka$#u$+a$ -h,s-a" *a$+ "!$++! m%$*%'a'a$ su'u($*a a&+a% #a$ ,(+a$!sm%

    &a!$$*a *a$+ #!%$a& #%$+a$ %u"(,-h!as!. I$! "%(#a-a" -a#a %"%& ua- *a$+ '%(3u$+s!

    u$"u m%$%+ah %sa#aha$. P%$+uu(a$ a$#u$+a$ -h,s-a" #a&am a!( &!m'ah

    '%(3u$+s! u$"u m%$%+ah "!$++!$*a a#a( -h,s-a" s%h!$++a "um'uh5"um'uha$ #a&am

    a!( '%(u(a$+ )%$!s$*a #a$ -a#a +!&!(a$$*a "!#a m%(a$+sa$+ -%("um'uha$ "a$ama$

    a!(. K%su'u(a$ "a$ama$ !$! aa$ m%$+ha&a$+! %&a$a(a$ a(us a!(. Pa#a #a$au

    su'u($*a "um'uh5"um'uha$ a!( aa$ m%$+a!'a"a$ '%(u(a$+$*a ,s!+%$ "%(&a(u".

    70 S!3a" B!,&,+!

    M!(,,(+a$!sm% #!"%mua$ #a&am )%$!s *a$+ sa$+a" '%(a(!as! ham-!( #a&am

    s%mua '%$"u a!( &!m'ah '!asa$*a #%$+a$ ,$s%$"(as! 19 ,(+a$!sm%?m&. K%'a$*aa$

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    (

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    m%(u-aa$ s%& "u$++a& *a$+ '%'as a"au-u$ '%(%&,m-, #a$ mam-u m%&aua$

    -(,s%s5-(,s%s %h!#u-a$ /"um'uh m%"a',&!sm% #a$ (%-(,#us!0. S%a(a "(a#!s!,$a&

    m!(,,(+a$!sm% #!'%#aa$ m%$)a#! '!$a"a$+ #a$ "um'uha$. Namu$ %#ua$*a su&!"

    #!'%#aa$. O&%h a(%$a !"u m!(,,(+a$!sm% %mu#!a$ #!masua$ %#a&am a"%+,(!

    -(,"!s"a s"a"us *a$+ sama #%$+a$ '!$a"a$+ a"au-u$ "um'uha$. V!(us #!&as!3!as!a$

    s%a(a "%(-!sah. K%'%(a#aa$ 'a"%(! #a&am u$!" -%$+,&aha$ a!( &!m'ah m%(u-aa$

    u$! %3!s!%$s! -(,s%s '!,&,+!s. Ba"%(! )u+a '%(-%(a$ -%$"!$+ #a&am m%$+%a&uas!

    ua&!"as a!( /P%(#a$a G!$"!$+ 299= : >95>=0.

    E. "&n(olahan Air %imah

    P%$+,&aha$ &!m'ah #%$+a$ m%ma$3aa"a$ "%$,&,+! -%$+,&aha$ #a-a" #!&aua$

    #%$+a$ a(a 3!s!a !m!a #a$ '!,&,+! a"au +a'u$+a$ #a(! %"!+a s!s"%m -%$+,&aha$ "%(s%'u".

    P%$+,&aha$ &!m'ah s%a(a '!,&,+!s #a-a" #!+,&,$+a$ m%$)a#! -%$+,&aha$ a(a a%(,' #a$

    -%$+,&aha$ &!m'ah #%$+a$ a(a a$a%(,'. B%(#asa(a$ s!s"%m u$!" ,-%(as!$*a "%$,&,+!

    -%$+,&aha$ &!m'ah #!'a+! m%$)a#! u$!" ,-%(as! -h!s! u$!" ,-%(as! !m!a #a$ u$!" ,-%(as!

    '!,&,+!. S%#a$+a$ '!&a #!&!ha" #a(! "!+a"a$ -%(&aua$ -%$+,&aha$ maa s!s"%m -%(&aua$

    &!m'ah #!&as!3!as!a$ m%$)a#!: pretreatment primary treatment system secondary

    treatment system#a$ tertiary treatment system /P%(#a$a G!$"!$+ 299= : 870.

    10 P(,s%s P%$+,&aha$ F!s!a

    a. S(%%$!$+

    Screeningm%(u-aa$ "aha- a4a& -a#a -(,s%s -%$+,&aha$ a!( &!m'ah. P(,s%s

    !$! '%("u)ua$ u$"u m%m!saha$ -,",$+a$5-,",$+a$ a*u -&as"! #a$ s%'a+a!$*a.

    Screen"%(#!(! a"as 'a"a$+a$5'a"a$+a$ '%s! *a$+ '%('%$"u &u(us a"au m%&%$+u$+ #a$

    #!-asa$+ #%$+a$ "!$+a" %m!(!$+a$ =>9599"%(ha#a- h,(!s,$"a&.

    '. G!3" Cham'%(

    B%("u)ua$ u$"u m%$+h!&a$+a$ %(!!& -as!( #a$ -a("!%&5-a("!%& &a!$ *a$+

    #a-a" m%$+%$#a- #! #a&am sa&u(a$ #a$ -!-a5-!-a s%("a u$"u m%&!$#u$+! -,m-a5

    -,m-a #a$ -%(a&a"a$ &a!$ #a(! -%$*um'a"a$.

    . Eua&!sas!

    Eua&!sas! &a)u a&!( #!+u$aa$ u$"u m%$a$+a$! a(!as! &a)u a&!( #a$ m%m-%('a!!

    -(,s%s '%(!u"$*a. D! sam-!$+ !"u %ua&!sas! )u+a '%(ma$3aa" u$"u m%$+u(a$+! uu(a$

    #a$ '!a*a -(,s%s '%(!u"$*a. A#a-u$ %u$"u$+a$ *a$+ #!-%(,&%h #a(! -%$++u$aa$

    %ua&!sas! s%'a+a! '%(!u":

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    )

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    Pa#a -%+,&aha$ '!,&,+! -%(u'aha$ '%'a$ s%a(a m%$#a#a #a-a" #!h!$#a(!

    #a$ -H #a-a" #!a"u( su-a*a ,$s"a$.

    P%$+a"u(a$ 'aha$5'aha$ !m!a &%'!h #a-a" "%(,$"(,&.

    P%$u!a$ 3!&"%( &%'!h #a-a" "%(a"u(.

    Performance3!&"%( #a-a" #!-%('a!!.

    L,as! %ua&!sas! ha(us #!-%("!m'a$+a$ -a#a saa" -%m'ua"a$ #!a+(am a&!(

    -%$+,&aha$ &!m'ah. L,as! %ua&!sas! *a$+ ,-"!ma& #a$ sa$+a" '%(a(!as! m%$u(u" "!-%

    -%$+,&aha$ &!m'ah *a$+ #!&aua$ a(a"%(!s"! s!s"%m -%+um-u&a$ #a$ )%$!s a!(

    &!m'ah. Pa#a '%'%(a-a asus %ua&!sas! #a-a" #!"%m-a"a$ s%"%&ah -%$+,&aha$ -(!m%(

    #a$ s%'%&um -%$+,&aha$ '!,&,+!s. Eua&!sas! *a$+ #!&%"aa$ s%"%&ah -%$+,&aha$ -(!m%(

    '!asa$*a #!s%'a'a$ ,&%h masa&ah5masa&ah *a$+ #!"!m'u&a$ ,&%h &um-u( #a$ 'u!h.

    Da&am -%&asa$aa$ %ua&!sas! #!'u"uha$ -%$+a#ua$ u$"u m%$%+ah -%+%$#a-a$ #a$

    a%(as! u$"u m%$+h!&a$+a$ 'au. Eua&!sas! '!asa$*a #!&asa$aa$ '%(samaa$ #%$+a$

    $%"(a&!sas!.

    #. S%#!m%$"as!

    S%#!m%$"as! a#a&ah -%m!saha$ -a("!%& #a(! a!( #%$+a$ m%ma$3aa"a$ +a*a

    +(a!"as!. P(,s%s !$! '%("u)ua$ u$"u m%m-%(,&%h a!( 'ua$+a$ *a$+ )%($!h #a$

    m%m-%(mu#ah -(,s%s -%$a$+a$a$ &um-u(. Da&am -(,s%s s%#!m%$"as! ha$*a -a("!%&5

    -a("!%& *a$+ &%'!h '%(a" #a(! a!( *a$+ #a-a" "%(-!sah m!sa&$*a %(!!& #a$ -as!(. Ba+!a$"%(-%$"!$+ #a&am -%(%$a$aa$ u$!" s%#!m%$"as! a#a&ah m%$+%"ahu! %%-a"a$

    -%$+%$#a-a$ #a(! -a("!%&5-a("!%& *a$+ aa$ #!-!$#aha$. K%%-a"a$ -%+%$#a-a$

    #!"%$"ua$ ,&%h uu(a$ #%$s!"as &a(u"a$ !s,s!"as a!(a$ #a$ "%m-%(a"u(.

    %. F&,a"as!

    F&,a"as! a"au -%$+a-u$+a$ #!+u$aa$ u$"u m%m!saha$ -a#a"a$ #a(! a!(. U$!"

    3&,a"as! #!+u$aa$ )!a #%$s!"as -a("!%& &%'!h %!& #!'a$#!$+a$ #%$+a$ #%$s!"as a!(

    s%h!$++a %$#%(u$+ m%$+a-u$+. F&,a"as! a$"a(a &a!$ #!+u$aa$ #a&am -(,s%s

    -%m!saha$ &%ma #a$ m!$*a s%("a -%$+%$"a&a$ &um-u(.

    20 P(,s%s P%$+,&aha$ K!m!a

    a. N%"(a&!sas!

    N%"(a&!sas! a#a&ah (%as! a$"a(a asam #a$ 'asa *a$+ m%$+has!&a$ a!( #a$

    +a(am. Da&am -%$+,&aha$ a!( &!m'ah -H #!a"u( a$"a(a 895>. D! &ua( !sa(a$ -H

    "%(s%'u" a!( &!m'ah aa$ '%(s!3a" (au$ 'a+! %h!#u-a$ a!( "%(masu 'a"%(!. J%$!s

    'aha$ !m!a *a$+ #a-a" #!"am'aha$ "%(+a$"u$+ -a#a )%$!s #a$ )um&ah a!( &!m'ah

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    "!

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    s%("a ,$#!s! &!$+u$+a$ s%"%m-a". N%"(a&!sas! a!( &!m'ah *a$+ '%(s!3a" asam #a-a"

    #!&aua$ #%$+a$ -%$am'aha$ NaOH /$a"(!um h!#(,s!#a0s%#a$+a$ $%"(a&!sas! a!(

    &!m'ah *a$+ '%(s!3a" 'asa #a-a" #!&aua$ #%$+a$ -%$am'aha$ H2SO; /asam su&3a"0.

    '. K,a+u&as! #a$ 3&,u&as!

    P(,s%s ,a+u&as! #a$ 3&,u&as! a#a&ah ,$%(s! #a(! -,&u"a$5-,&u"a$ *a$+

    "%(sus-%$s! ,&,!# *a$+ sa$+a" ha&us #! #a&am a!( &!m'ah m%$)a#! +um-a&a$5

    +um-a&a$ *a$+ #a-a" #!%$#a-a$ #!sa(!$+ a"au #!a-u$+a$. B%(!u" +am'a(a$

    m%$+%$a! uu(a$ '%$#a5'%$#a #a$ 4a"u *a$+ #!-%(&ua$ u$"u -%$+%$#a-a$ #%$+a$

    )a(a sa"u m%"%( *a$+ #a-a" #!&!ha" -a#a "a'&% 7.

    Da(! Ta'%& 7 "%(&!ha" 'ah4a -a("!%& ,&,!# sa$+a" su&!" m%$+%$#a- #a$

    m%(u-aa$ 'a+!a$ *a$+ '%sa( #a&am -,&u"a$ s%("a m%$*%'a'a$ %%(uha$. U$"u

    m%m!saha$$*a ,&,!# ha(us #!u'ah m%$)a#! -a("!%& *a$+ '%(uu(a$ &%'!h '%sa(

    m%&a&u! -(,s%s ,a+u&as! #a$ 3&,u&as!.

    70 P(,s%s P%$+,&aha$ B!,&,+!

    S%a(a umum -(,s%s -%$+,&aha$ '!,&,+! m%$)a#!a$ -%$+,&aha$ a!( &!m'ah

    s%a(a m,#%($ &%'!h "%(s"(u"u( "%(+a$"u$+ -a#a s*a(a"5s*a(a" a!( *a$+ ha(us #!)a+a

    a"au )%$!s a!( &!m'ah *a$+ ha(us #!%&,&a. P%$+,&aha$ a!( &!m'ah s%a(a '!,&,+!

    '%("u)ua$ u$"u m%m'%(s!ha$ a"5a" ,(+a$! a"au m%$+u'ah '%$"u a"5a" ,(+a$!

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    ""

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    m%$)a#! '%$"u5'%$"u *a$+ u(a$+ '%('aha*a. P(,s%s -%$+,&aha$ s%a(a '!,&,+! )u+a

    '%("u)ua$ u$"u m%++u$aa$ %m'a&! a"5a" ,(+a$! *a$+ "%(#a-a" #a&am a!( &!m'ah.

    P%$+,&aha$ &!m'ah a!( s%a(a '!,&,+!s #a-a" #!&aua$ -a#a ,$#!s! a%(,'!

    a$a%(,'! ,m'!$as! a$a%(,'! #a$ a%(,'!. P(,s%s '!,&,+!s a%(,'! '!asa$*a

    #!+u$aa$ u$"u -%$+,&aha$ a!( &!m'ah #%$+a$ '%'a$ BOD *a$+ "!#a "%(&a&u '%sa(

    s%#a$+a$ -(,s%s '!,&,+!s a$a%(,'! #!+u$aa$ u$"u -%$+,&aha$ a!( &!m'ah #%$+a$

    '%'a$ BOD *a$+ sa$+a" "!$++!.

    P%$+,&aha$ a!( &!m'ah s%a(a '!,&,+!s a%(,'! s%a(a +a(!s '%sa( #a-a" #!'a+!

    m%$)a#! *a!"u -(,s%s '!,&,+!s #%$+a$ '!aa$ "%(sus-%$s! /suspended culture),-(,s%s

    '!,&,+!s #%$+a$ '!aa$ m%&%a" /attached culture) #a$ -(,s%s -%$+,&aha$ #%$+a$

    s!s"%m &a+,,$ a"au ,&am.

    P(,s%s '!,&,+!s #%$+a$ '!aa$ "%(sus-%$s! a#a&ah s!s"%m -%$+,&aha$ #%$+a$

    m%$++u$aa$ a"!3!"as m!(,,(+a$!sm% u$"u m%$+u(a!a$ s%$*a4a -,&u"a$ *a$+

    a#a #a&am a!( #a$ m!(,,(+a$!sm% *a$+ #!+u$aa$ #!'!aa$ s%a(a "%(sus-%$s! #!

    #a&am sua"u (%a",(. B%'%(a-a ,$",h -(,s%s -%$+,&aha$ #%$+a$ s!s"%m !$! a$"a(a

    &a!$: -(,s%s &um-u( a"!3 s"a$#a(?,$%$s!,$a& /standard activated sludge), step

    seration, contact stabiliation, extended aeration, oxidation ditch /,&am ,s!#as!

    s!s"%m -a(!"0 #a$ &a!$$*a.

    P(,s%s '!,&,+!s #%$+a$ '!aa$ m%&%a" *a!"u -(,s%s -%$+,&aha$ &!m'ah

    #!ma$a m!(,,(+a$!sm% *a$+ #!+u$aa$ #!'!aa$ -a#a sua"u m%#!a s%h!$++a

    m!(,,(+a$!sm% "%(s%'u" m%&%a" -a#a -%(muaa$ m%#!a. B%'%(a-a ,$",h "%$,&,+!

    -%$+,&aha$ a!( &!m'ah #%$+a$ a(a !$! a$"a(a &a!$: tric!ing filter"biofilter, roating

    biological contractor #$BC), contact aeration"oxidation #a$ &a!$$*a.

    P(,s%s -%$+,&aha$ a!( &!m'ah s%a(a '!,&,+!s #%$+a$ &a+,,$ a"au ,&am

    a#a&ah #%$+a$ m%$am-u$+ a!( &!m'ah a!( &!m'ah -a#a sua"u ,&am *a$+ &uas #%$+a$

    4a"u "!$++a& *a$+ uu- &ama s%h!$++a #%$+a$ a"!3!"as m!(,,(+a$!sm% *a$+

    "um'uh s%a(a a&am! s%$*a4a -,&u"a$ *a$+ a#a #a&am a!( aa$ "%(u(a!. U$"u

    m%m-%(%-a" -(,s%s -%$+u(a!a$ s%$*a4a -,&u"a$ a"au m%m-%(-%$#% 4a"u "!$++a&

    #a-a" )u+a #!&aua$ -(,s%s a%(as!.

    K%"%(a$+a$ #! a"as #a-a" #! s!$+a" #%$+a$ #!a+(am '%(!u" !$!:

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    "

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    B%(!u" -%('%#aa$ %3!s!%$s! '%(#asa(a$ )%$!s -(,s%s -%$+,&aha$ &!m'ah a!(

    (umah sa!" s%a(a '!,&,+!s:

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    "$

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    "&n(olahan Air %imah -&n(an "ro)&) %umur A'ti

    P%$+,&aha$ a!( &!m'ah #%$+a$ -(,s%s &um-u( a"!3 s%a(a umum "%(#!(! #a(! 'a

    -%$+%$#a- a4a& 'a a%(as! #a$ 'a -%$+%$#a- ah!( s%("a 'a h&,(!$as! u$"u m%m'u$uh

    'a"%(! -a",+%$. S%a(a umum -(,s%s -%$+,&aha$$*a a#a&ah s%'a+a! '%(!u": a!( &!m'ah

    *a$+ '%(asa& #a(! (umah sa!" #!"am-u$+ % #a&am 'a -%$am-u$+. Ba -%$am-u$+ !$!

    '%(3u$+s! s%'a+a! 'a -%$+a"u( #%'!" a!( &!m'ah s%("a #!&%$+a-! #%$+a$ sa(!$+a$ asa(

    u$"u m%m!saha$ ,",(a$ '%sa(. K%mu#!a$ a!( &!m'ah #a&am 'a -%$am-u$+ #! -,m-a %

    'a -%$+%$#a- a4a&.

    Ba -%$+%$#a- a4a& '%(3u$+s!u$"u m%$u(u$a$ -a#a"a$ "%(sus-%$s! s%!"a( 795

    ;9 #a$ BOD s%!"a( 2>. A!( &!m-asa$ #a(! 'a -%$+%$#a- a4a& #!a&!(a$ % 'a a%(as!

    s%a(a +(a!"as!. D! #a&am 'a a%(as! !$! a!( &!m'ah #!h%m'us #%$+a$ u#a(a s%h!$++a

    m!(,,(+a$!sm% *a$+ a#a aa$ m%$+u(a!a$ a" ,(+a$! *a$+ a#a #a&am a!( &!m'ah. E$%(+!

    *a$+ #!#a-a"a$ #a(! has!& -%$+u(a!a$ a" ,(+a$! "%(s%'u" #!+u$aa$ ,&%h m!(,,(+a$!sm%

    u$"u -(,s%s -%("um'uha$$*a. D%$+a$ #%m!!a$ #! #a&am 'a a%(as! "%(s%'u" aa$ "um'uh

    #a$ '%(%m'a$+ '!,masa #a&am )um&ah *a$+ '%sa(. B!,masa a"au m!(,,(+a$!sm% !$!&ah

    *a$+ aa$ m%$+u(a!a$ s%$*a4a -,&u"a$ *a$+ a#a #! #a&am a!( &!m'ah.

    Da(! 'a a%(as! a!( #!a&!(a$ % 'a -%$+%$#a- ah!(. D! #a&am 'a !$! &um-u( a"!3

    *a$+ m%$+a$#u$+ massa m!(,,(+a$!sm% #!%$#a-a$ #a$ #!-,m-a %m'a&! % 'a+!a$ !$&%"

    'a a%(as! #%$+a$ -,m-a s!(u&as! &u$-u(.

    A!( &!m-asa$ /over flo%0 #a(! 'a -%$+%$#a- ah!( #!a&!(a$ % 'a h&,(!$as!. D!

    #a&am 'a ,$"a",( h&,( !$! a!( &!m'ah #!,$"aa$ #%$+a$ s%$*a4a h&,( u$"u

    m%m'u$uh m!(,,(+a$!sm% -a",+%$. A!( ,&aha$ *a!"u a!( *a$+ %&ua( s%"%&ah -(,s%s

    h&,(!$as! #a-a" &a$+su$+ #!'ua$+ % su$+a! a"au sa&u(a$ umum.

    D%$+a$ -(,s%s !$! a!( &!m'ah (umah sa!" #%$+a$ ,$s%$"(as! BOD 2>95799 m+?&"

    #a-a" #!"u(u$a$ a#a( BOD $*a m%$)a#! 29579 m+?&".

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    "#

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    S%ma -(,s%s -%$+,&aha$ a!( &!m'ah (umah sa!" #%$+a$ &um-u( a"!3 #a-a" #!&!ha"

    -a#a +am'a( :

    Su(-&us &um-u( #a(! 'a -%$+%$#a- a4a& mau-u$ ah!( #!"am-u$+ % #a&am 'a

    -%$+%(!$+ &um-u( s%#a$+a$ a!( (%sa-a$$*a #!"am-u$+ %m'a&! #! 'a -%$am-u$+ a!(

    &!m'ah.

    K%u$++u&a$ -(,s%s &um-u( a"!3 !$! a#a&ah #a-a" m%$+,&ah a!( &!m'ah #%$+a$ '%'a$

    BOD *a$+ '%sa( s%h!$++a "!#a m%m%(&ua$ "%m-a" *a$+ '%sa(. P(,s%s !$! ,,

    #!+u$aa$ u$"u m%$+,&ah a!( &!m'ah #a&am )um&ah '%sa(. S%#a$+a$ '%'%(a-a

    %&%maha$$*a a$"a(a &a!$ *a!"u %mu$+!$a$ #a-a" "%()a#! 'u&!$+ -a#a &um-u( a"!3$*a

    "%()a#! 'u!h #a$ )um&ah &um-u( *a$+ #!has!&a$ uu- '%sa(.

    F. "&m&ri')aan %imah lahan

    a. Chemical Oxygen Demand #COD)

    P%$+uu(a$ %ua"a$ &!m'ah #%$+a$ COD a#a&ah '%$"u &a!$ -%$+uu(a$

    %'u"uha$ ,s!+%$ #a&am a!( &!m'ah. M%",#% !$! &%'!h s!$+a" 4a"u*a #!'a$#!$+a$

    #%$+a$ a$a&!s!s BOD. P%$+uu(a$ !$! m%$%a$a$ %'u"uha$ ,s!+%$ aa$ !m!a

    #!ma$a s%$*a4a5s%$*a4a *a$+ #!uu( a#a&ah 'aha$5'aha$ *a$+ "!#a #!-%ah s%a(a

    '!,!m!a /P%(#a$a G!$"!$+ 299= : >90.

    P%m%(!saa$ COD #!&aua$ s%'a+a! sua"u uu(a$ -%$%ma(a$ #a(! a!(

    &!m'ah. Ha& !$!u$"u m%$+uu( ,s!+%$ *a$+ #!'u"uha$ u$"u m%$+,s!#as! a"5a"

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    "%

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    ,(+a!. M%",#% -%m%(!saa$ #!&aua$ #%$+a$ "!"(as! #! &a',(a",(!um /"a$-a (%3&us0

    #%$+a$ -(!$s!- a$a&!s!s s%'a+a! '%(!u" -%m%(!saa$ -a(am%"%( COD !$!

    m%$++u$aa$ ,s!#a",( -,"ass!um #!(,ma" *a$+ '%(a#a( asam "!$++! #a$

    #!-%("aha$a$ -a#a "%m-%(a"u(% "%("%$"u. P%$am'aha$ ,s!#a",( !$! m%$)a#!a$

    -(,s%s ,s!#as! 'aha$ ,(+a$! m%$)a#! a!( #a$ CO s%"%&ah -%ma$asa$. Perbedaan

    &adar BOD, COD, 'SS maa s!sa #!(,ma" #!uu(. P%$+uu(a$ !$! #%$+a$ )a&a$

    "!"(as! ,s!+%$ *a$+ %!3a&%$ #%$+a$ #!(,ma" !$!&ah *a$+ m%$*a"aa$ COD #a&am

    sa"ua$ --m /Mah!#a 1; : 720.

    '.Biological Oxygen Demand #BOD)

    P%m%(!saa$ BOD #a&am &!m'ah #!#asa(a$ a"as (%as! ,s!#as! a"5a"

    ,(+a$!s #%$+a$ ,s!+%$ #a&am a!( #!ma$a -(,s%s "%(s%'u" #a-a" '%(&a$+su$+ a(%$a

    a#a s%)um&ah 'a"%(!. D!-%(h!"u$+a$ s%&ama #ua ha(! (%as! &%'!h #a(! s%'a+!a$

    (%as! "%&ah "%(a-a! /P%(#a$a G!$"!$+ 299= : >90. P%m%(!saa$ BOD m%(u-aa$

    sa&ah sa"u #a(! -%m%(!saa$ u)!,'a5u)!,'a *a$+ -a&!$+ -%$"!$+ u$"u m%$%$"ua$

    #a*a %ma( a!( &!m'ah. P%m%(!saa$ '!,!m!a *a$+ m%$+uu( a"5a" ,(+a$! *a$+

    %mu$+!$a$ aa$ #!,s!#as! ,&%h %+!a"a$5%+!a"a$ 'a"%(! a%(,'! #a&am masa >

    ha(! -a#a 29 -%m%(!saa$*a #%$+a$ !$&%( /T!"(as! #! La',(a",(!um0 #a$

    m%$++u$aa$ -(!$s!- a$a&!s!s s%'a+a! '%(!u": -%m%(!saa$ -a(am%"%( BOD

    #!#asa(a$ -a#a (%as! ,s!#as! a" ,(+a$! #%$+a$ ,s!+%$ #! #a&am a!( #a$ -(,s%s

    "%(s%'u" '%(&a$+su$+ a(%$a a#a$*a 'a"%(! a%(,'!. U$"u m%$+u(a!a$ a" ,(+a$!

    m%m%(&ua$ 4a"u 2 ha(! u$"u >9 (%as! > ha(! u$"u => (%as! "%(a-a! #a$

    29 ha(! u$"u 199 (%as! "%(a-a!. D%$+a$ a"a &a!$ "%s BOD '%(&au s%'a+a!

    s!mu&as! -(,s%s '!,&,+! s%a(a a&am!ah mu&a5mu&a #!uu( DO $,& #a$ s%"%&ah

    m%$+a&am! !$u'as! s%&ama > ha(! -a#a suhu 29 C a"au 7 ha(! -a#a suhu 2>C2=C

    #!uu( &a+! DO a!( "%(s%'u". P%('%#aa$ DO a!( "%(s%'u" *a$+ #!a$++a- s%'a+a!

    ,$sums! ,s!+%$ u$"u -(,s%s '!,!m!a aa$ s%&%sa! #a&am 4a"u > ha(!

    #!-%(+u$aa$ #%$+a$ a$++a-a$ s%+a&a -(,s%s '!,!m!a aa$ s%&%sa! #a&am 4a"u >

    ha(! 4a&au s%su$++uh$*a '%&um s%&%sa! /Sa"! A. S!(%+a( 299> : 1980.

    . 'otal Suspended Solid #'SS)

    M%$u(u" Sa"! A. S!(%+a( /299>0 TSS *a!"u )um&ah '%(a" a" *a$+ "%(sus-%$s!

    #a&am ,&um% "%("%$"u #! #a&am a!( uu(a$$*a m+?&. P%$+uu(a$ TSS #a-a" #!&aua$

    s%'a+a! '%(!u" :

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    "&

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    M%$*!a-a$ %("as sa(!$+ #a$ a4a$ -%$+ua-a$ #!-a$a$sa$ #%$+a$ suhu 19> C

    s%&ama 1 )am. K%mu#!a$ #!am'!& #a$ #!#!$+!$a$ % #a&am #%s!a",( s%&ama 1>

    m%$!" &a&u #!"!m'a$+ u$"u m%$+%"ahu! '%(a"$*a.

    M%$+uu( a!( &!m'ah 'a"! s%'a$*a 1999 m&.L!"%( 8 m&?L EM5; #a$ 8 +(am?L

    s"a('!,.

    M%$+am'!& a!( &!m'ah s%'a$*a 199 m&?L 8 m&?L EM5; #a$ 199 m&?L a!( &!m'ah 8

    +(am?L s"a('!,.

    K%mu#!a$ mas!$+5mas!$+ sam-%& #!am-u( m%(a"a &a&u ama"! %#ua$*a a$"a(a a!(

    &!m'ah *a$+ #!am-u( 8 m&?L EM5; #a$ 8 +(am?L s"a('!, "%(#a-a" %$#a-a$ a!($*a

    %(uh a"au "!#a.

    M%$*a(!$+ mas!$+5 mas!$+ sam-%& #%$+a$ %("as sa(!$+ *a$+ su#ah #!%"ahu!

    '%(a"$*a &a&u masua$ % #a&am ,%$ #%$+a$ suhu 19> C s%&ama 1 )am %mu#!a$

    #!$+!$a$ #a&am #%s!a",( s%&ama 1> m%$!" &a&u #!"!m'a$+ u$"u m%$+%"hau!

    '%(a"$*a.

    TSS #!h!"u$+ #%$+a$ m%$++u$aa$ (umus :

    /B 5 A0 M+?1 a" -a#a" "%(&a(u" C 1999

    A '%(a" a4a$ #a$ (%s!#u s%su#ah -%ma$asa$ 19>9 C /m+0

    B '%(a" a4a$ ,s,$+ /m+0

    C M1 sam-%&

    #. -H

    -H m%$*a"aa$ !$"%$s!"as %asama$ a"au a&a&!$!"as #a(! sua"u a!(a$ %$%(

    #a$ m%4a!&! ,$s%$"(as! h!#(,+%$ !,$$*a. -H #a-a" #!"%$"ua$ #%$+a$ mu#ah

    #%$+a$ m%m-%(mu#ah -%"u$)u5-%"u$)u ,&,(!m%"(! -%"u$)u5-%"u$)u !$!

    m%m'%(!a$ sua"u %"%-a"a$ -a#a !(a5!(a 92 u$!". P%$+uu(a$ -H a#a&ah s%sua"u

    *a$+ -%$"!$+ #a$ -(a"!s a(%$a 'a$*a (%as!5(%as! !m!a #a$ '!,!m!a *a$+

    -%$"!$+ "%()a#! -a#a "!$+a" -H *a$+ husus a"au -a#a &!$+u$+a$ -H *a$+ sa$+a"

    s%m-!". U$"u -%$+uu(a$ *a$+ &%'!h "%-a" #a-a" #!+u$aa$ s%'uah -,"%$"!,$%( *a$+

    m%$+uu( %ua"a$ &!s"(! *a$+ #!%&ua(a$ ,&%h !,$5!,$ H. A-a'!&a has!&

    -%$+uu(a$ m%$u$)ua$ a#a( -H m%&%'!h! 'au mu"u maa #a-a" #!&aua$

    u-a*a u$"u m%$u(u$a$ a#a( #%$+a$ a(a -%$++u$aa$ R%%(s% Osm,s!s s%&a!$

    #a-a" m%$+has!&a$ a!( mu($! ? "a$-a m!$%(a& )u+a #a-a" m%$u(u$a$ -H a!( #a(! =

    m%$)a#! 8> h!$++a >9 /Mah!#a 1; : 7=0.

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    "'

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    %. Ph,s-ha"

    K%'%(a#aa$ -h,s-ha" *a$+ '%(&%'!ha$ #! 'a#a$ a!( m%$*%'a'a$ sua"u

    3%$,m%$a *a$+ #!s%'u" %u"(,3!as! /-%$+a*aa$ $u"(!%$0. U$"u m%$%+ah %)a#!a$

    "%(s%'u" a!( &!m'ah *a$+ aa$ #!'ua$+ ha(us #!,&ah "%(&%'!h #ahu&u u$"u m%$+u(a$+!

    a$#u$+a$ -h,s-ha" sam-a! -a#a $!&a! "%("%$"u /'au mu"u %3&u%$ 2 m+?&0. Da&am

    -%$+,&aha$ a!( &!m'ah -h,s-ha" #a-a" #!s!s!ha$ #%$+a$ -(,s%s 3!s!a5!m!a mau-u$

    '!,&,+!s. P%$*!s!ha$ -h,s-ha" s%a(a -(%s!-!"as! !m!a4! #a-a" #!&aua$ #a&am 3!&"%(

    "%(a%(as! s%a(a '!,&,+!s #%$+a$ m%$am'aha$ F%SO;.=H2O /C&a( et al. 1=0.

    M%#!a *a$+ #!+u$aa$ a#a&ah -&as"! #%$+a$ &uas -%(muaa$ s-%s!3! 2=> m2?m7 #a$

    -,(,s!"as 9>. P%$am'aha$ -(%s!-!"a$ -a#a 3!&"%( '!,&,+!s !$! "!#a m%m-%$+a(uh!

    s%a(a s!+$!3!a$ -%$*!s!ha$ BOD COD NH; TKN #a$ SS "%"a-! mam-u

    m%$!$+a"a$ %3!s!%$s! -%$*!s!ha$ 3,s3a" #a(! 7>> m%$)a#! 7 . Ra"!, P : F%

    ,-"!mum *a$+ #!#asa(a$ -a#a -%("!m'a$+a$ -a&!$+ %3!s!%$ #a$ %,$,m!s a#a&ah 1 :

    12>. P%$*!s!ha$ 3,s3a" #a&amfluidied bed reactor#(B$) m%$++u$aa$ -as!( ua(sa

    #a-a" m%$+has!&a$ (!s"a& s"(u!"% /M+NH;PO;0. P%$*!s!ha$ #%$+a$ (!s"a&!sas! !$!

    #!&aua$ #%$+a$ a%(as! ,$"!$*u #a$ #a-a" m%$a-a! %3!s!%$s!

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    U$"u m%m'a$#!$+a$ -(,s%s 3!s! /3!&"(as!0 a$"a(a '!,sa$# 3!&"%( #%$+a$

    "%$,&,+! a&"%($a"!% SAM /Se*uencing anoxic"anaerobic membrane bioreactor) *a$+

    m%(u-aa$ -%$+%m'a$+a$ #a(! nhanced biological phosphorus removal /EBPR0

    #%$+a$ m%$++u$aa$ 3!&"%( -a--%( 9; m #a$ "%&ah #!u)! %mam-ua$*a. SAM sa$+a"

    s"a'!& #a$ %3%"!3 u$"u m%$u(u$a$ ,$s%$"(as! Ph,s-ha"% h!$++a 7 /H,$+

    Ah$29970. S%$#a$+a$ -a#a biosand filter D%$+a$ uu(a$ m%#!a 92> mm maa

    -a("!%& '%(uu(a$ 29 m aa$ "%("aha$ -a#a m%#!a. K,&,!# /999151 m0 #a$

    'a"%(! /1 m0 "!#a #a-a" #!s!s!ha$ #%$+a$ m%a$!sm% !$!. echanical straining

    "%()a#! -a#a -%(muaa$ 3!&"%( sam-a! %#a&ama$ > m. K&as!3!as! Phosphate

    '%(#asa(a$ s!3a" 3!s!s a#a&ah 3,s3a" "%(&a(u" 3,s3a" "%(sus-%$s! /"!#a "%(&a(u"0 #a$

    3,s3a" ","a& /"%(&a(u" #a$ "%(sus-%$s!0/A&a%("s1

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    !A! III

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    !

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    "EN$"$%AN DATA %I!A# AIR R$" DR. ,ARIADI

    P%$u&!sa$ &a-,(a$ !$! #!"!"! '%(a"a$ -a#a -%$+%&,&aa$ &!m'ah a!( #! (umah sa!"

    umum -usa" D(. Ka(!a#! S%ma(a$+. T%$! -%$+um-u&a$ #a"a *a$+ #!+u$aa$ a#a&ah:

    1. O's%(as!

    O's%(as! !$! #!&aua$ #%$+a$ m%$+a#aa$ -%$+ama"a$ s%a(a &a$+su$+

    "%(ha#a- &!$+u$+a$ %()a u$"u m%m-%(,&%h #a"a "%$"a$+ a(a -%+,&aha$ &!m'ah a!(

    #! RSUP D(. Ka(!a#!

    2. T%$! a4a$a(a

    P%$%&!"! m%$+a#aa$ "a$*a )a4a' #%$+a$ 'a+!a$ *a$+ "%(a!" *a!"u 'a+!a$

    sa$!"as! s%("a -%"u+as IPAL Rumah Sa!" Umum Da%(ah D(. M,%4a(#! Su(aa("a.

    7. D,um%$"as!

    D,um%$"as! #!&aua$ #%$+a$ m%$+um-u&a$ #a"a #a$ m%m-%&a)a(!

    #,um%$ #a$ a"a"a$5a"a"a$ (umah sa!" *a$+ '%(hu'u$+a$ #%$+a$ -%$+,&aha$

    &!m'ah a!( (umah sa!".

    ;. S"u#! Pus"aa

    S"u#! -us"aa #!&aua$ #%$+a$ m%m'aa &!"%(a"u(5&!"%(a"u( *a$+ '%(hu'u$+a$

    #%$+a$ #a"a *a$+ #!-%(,&%h #a(! (umah sa!" u$"u m%m-%(,&%h -%$+%"ahua$ s%a(a

    "%,(!"!s m%$+%$a! -%$+,&aha$ &!m'ah a!( (umah sa!".Da"a *a$+ #!-%(,&%h '%(asa& #a(!:

    1. Da"a P(!m%(

    Da"a -(!m%( #!-%(,&%h m%&a&u! ,'s%(as! 4a4a$a(a #a$ "a$*a )a4a' %-a#a 'a+!a$

    *a$+ "%(a!" *a!"u 'a+!a$ sa$!"as! #a$ -%"u+as -%$+%&,&a &!m'ah a!( #! RSUP D(. Ka(!a#!

    S%ma(a$+.

    2. Da"a S%u$#%(

    Da"a s%u$#%( !$! #!-%(,&%h #a(! s"u#! %-us"aaa$ "%(a!".

    Da"a *a$+ #!-%(,&%h aa$ #!a$a&!sa s%a(a #%s(!-"!3 #%$+a$ -%#,ma$5-%#,ma$ #a$

    s"a$#a( *a$+ a#a m%$+%$a! -!!(a$ &,+!s #a&am -%m%aha$ masa&ah *a$+ a#a s%h!$++a

    mam-u m%m'%(!a$ +am'a(a$ #%$+a$ )%&as m%$+%$a! -%$+%&,&aa$ &!mah a!( #! (umah sa!"

    -a#a umum$*a #a$ RSUP D(. Ka(!a#! S%ma(a$+ -a#a husus$*a.

    III.1.um&r %imah air R$" -r. ,aria-i

    Mata Kuliah : Kesehatan LingkunganMIKM ARS !"#

    "

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    UNIT KEGIATAN JENIS LIMBAH

    Ra4a" I$a- Bua$+a$ Pas!%$ U(!$% 3a%%s

    P%m'%(s!ha$ Rua$+a$ S!sa -%m'%(s!ha$ &a$"a!

    P%$u!a$ a&a" %s%ha"a$ S!sa a!(a$ !$3us

    O-%(as! #a$

    B%(sa&!$

    P%$u!a$ a&a" %s%ha"a$ -%(%$#ama$

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    A!( s!sa -%$u!a$ Ja(!$+a$ "u'uh "%(u"am #a(ah 'a"%(! -a",+%$ #%s!$3%"a$

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    >0. M%$+u(a$+! )um&ah 'aha$ !m!a *a$+ '%('aha*a #a$ '%(au$

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    2. C

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    *a$+ "%(#a-a" #a&am &um-u( a"!3. Has!& -%$+u(a!a$ a" ,(+a$! #a&am &!m'ah ,&%h

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    %mu#!a$ s%'%&um a!( &!m'ah #!'ua$+ % su$+a! "%(&%'!h #ahu&u #!'%(!a$ a-,(!". A!( !m'ah

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    8. Ba S%#!m%$"as!

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    11. Sand (ilter

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    12. F!&"%( A!(

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