Makalah Chip Tempe

8/16/2019 Makalah Chip Tempe

1/16

TUGAS MATA KULIAH

TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI PANGAN

“CHIPS TEMPE SEBAGAI MAKANAN

RINGAN ALTERNATIF PENGGANTI

JUNKFOOD”

Oleh:

Devy Setayana 1!1"1111#$

P%&'(a )*v&ta 1!1"1111!

In+ah Maha%an& 1!1"1111#1

JURUSAN TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI PERTANIAN

FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN

UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA

MALANG

2013


2/16

Abs!"#

Keha+&%an ,a(anan %&n-an te%.ta,a yan- +&*lah +en-an te(n*l*-& e('t%.'&

/e%(e,/an- 'an-at 0e'at 'e-,en 0a'a%nya a+alah ana( ana(2 D&l&hat +a%& /ahan

+a'a%nya yan- (e/anya(an a+alah +a%& 'e%eal&a3 +a0at +&0a't&(an ,a(anan %&n-an

4en&' &n& ,e,0.nya& (an+.n-an 0%*te&n yan- (e5&l3 'eh&n--a 'e%&n- +&'e/.t

'e/a-a& J.n( Ch&0' te,0e ,e%.0a(an alte%nat&6 ,a(anan 0en--ant& te%'e/.t2

Unt.( ,en+a0at(an 5&ta %a'a yan- +a0at +&te%&,a3 ,a(a +&0ela4a%& 0ena,/ahan

/e%/a-a& ,a5a, te0.n- +en-an 0%*0*%'& yan- /e%va%&a'&2

Penel&t&an ,en.n4.((an /ah7a ha'&l 0en--.naan 4en&' /ahan 0en-.at

,en.n4.(an a+a 0en-a%.h yan- '&-n&6&(an te%ha+a0 (a+a% a&% 5h&0 te,0e teta0&

(*n'ent%a'& te0.n- t&+a( /e%0en-a%.h te%ha+a0 (a+a% a&% 5h&0' te,0e 89 ! 3 0 :

3; < 3!=2 De,&(&an 4.-a te%ha+a0 0%*te&n 3 /a&( +a%& 4en&' ,a.0.n (*n'ent%'&

te0.n-2 Anal&'&' te%ha+a0 le,a( ,en.n4.((an a+a 0en-a%.h yan- '&-n&6&(an

anta%a 4en&' te0.n- +an (*n'ent%a'& te%ha+a0 (a+a% le,a( 5h&0' te,0e 89 ! 3 0 :

3 < 3!=2

Ha'&l .4& *%-an*le0t&( 'e5a%a .,., ,en.n4.((an /ah7a: t&+a( a+a

(e5en+e%.n-an te%tent. +a%& 0ena,/ahan /ahan 0en-.at ,a.0.n (*n'ent%a'& yan-

+&-.na(an2 Me'(&0.n +e,&(&an te%l&hat 0ena,/ahan te0.n- ta0&*(a +an ,ae>ena

,e,0.nya& '(*% 5&ta%a'a le/&h t&n--& +&/an+&n- 0e%la(.an yan- la&n Unt.( +a0at

,en-*0t&,al(an 0%*+.( +a%& a'0e( 5&ta %a'a: 7a%na3 a%*,a3 (e%enyahan +an %a'a3

,a(a 0e%l. +&5*/a 0ena,/ahan /ahan /ahan la&n yan- '.+ah ,e,0.nya& +a'a%

7a%na +an 5&ta %a'a yan- '0e'&6&( 'e0e%t& 4a-.n- ,an&'3 'eh&n--a +a0at

,e,&n&,al(an a6te%ta'te te,0e 0a+a 5h&0' yan- (.%an- +&'.(a&2

K"" #$%&'( )*'+s ,-+,. /$%# . b"*"% +,%$". /,%'s ,+$%.#%s,%!"s'


3/16

I4 PENDAHULUAN

141 L""! B,5"#"%

De7a'a &n& (eha+&%an ,a(anan %&n-an te%.ta,a yan- +&*lah +en-an

te(n*l*-& e('t%.'& /e%(e,/an- 'an-at 0e'at2 Ke/anya(an 4en&' ,a(anan %&n-an &n&

'e-,en 0a'a%nya a+alah ana( 'e(*lah3 te%.ta,a t&n-(at Se(*lah Da'a%2 D&l&hat

+a%& /ahan +a'a%nya yan- (e/anya(an a+alah +a%& 'e%eal&a3 +a0at +&0a't&(an

,a(anan %&n-an 4en&' &n& ,e,0.nya& (an+.n-an 0%*te&n yan- (e5&l3 'eh&n--a

'e%&n- +&'e/.t 'e/a-a& J.n( F**+ ata. ,a(anan +en-an ,.t. yan- %en+ah2

Se/a-a& alte%nat&6 0en--ant&nya3 5h&0' 8(e%&0&( = te,0e +a0at +&4a+&(an

0&l&han2 Den-an (e,a'an yan- ,ena%&( +an %a'a yan- /e%va%&a'&3 5h&0' te,0e

+a0at ,en4a+& 0%*+.( ,a(anan %&n-an yan- ,e,0.nya& ,.t. t&n--&2 Te,0e telah

te%/.(t& ,e,0.nya& /anya( (e.n--.lan2 Sela&n -&>&3 +&t&n4a. +a%& a'0e( ,e+&'3

0%*'e' 0e,/.atan 4.-a ,en4a+&l(an te,0e 'e/a-a& 0an-an yan- 5.(.0 0%*'0e(t&62

Dala, 0e,/.atan 5h&0' te,0e yan- ,e,e%l.(an 0%*'e' 0en-&%&'an t&0&'3 ha'&l

&%&'an 'an-at +&0en-a%.h& *leh te('t.% te,0e yan- %a0.h3 'eh&n--a ,en-ha'&l(an

&%&'an yan- t&+a( .t.h +an ,.+ah han5.% 0a+a 0%*'e' 0en-*lahan lan4.t2

Alte%nat&6 yan- +a0at +&la(.(an a+alah +en-an ,ena,/ah(an /ahan yan-

+a0at ,en-.at(an +an le/&h ,en-&(at 'eh&n--a te('t.% te,0e ,en4a+& le/&h (.at

+an 0a+a 'aat 0en-&%&'an +an 0en-*lahan t&+a( ,.+ah han5.%2 Bahan 0en-.at

yan- +a0at +&ta,/ah(an a+alah /e%,a5a,?,a5a, te0.n- +&anta%anya te0.n-

/e%a'3 te%&-.3 ,ae>ena3 ta0&*5a3 -a0le( +an te0.n- (a5an- h&4a. 8h.n(7e=2

I42T$/$"% "% M"%""

T.4.an 0enel&t&an &n& a+alah : Men5&0ta(an ,a(anan %&n-an alte%nat&6 0en--ant& J.n( F**+ yan- ,e,0.nya& n&la& -&>& t&n--&3 Men-anal&'&' 0en-a%.h

0en--.naan /ahan 0en-.at 8/e%,a5a,?,a5a, te0.n-3= te%ha+a0 (etahanan

te('t.% 5h&0' te,0e 3 Men-anal&'&' (a+a% a&%3 0%*te&n +an le,a( 'e%ta +aya te%&,a

5h&0' te,0e2

A+a0.n ,an6aat +a%& 0enel&t&an &n& 'etelah ,en+a0at(an ha'&l yan- te%/a&(

yan- +a0at +&(e,/an-(an +&,a'ya%a(at +an +a0at +&-.na(an *leh 0%*+.'en

,a(anan %&n-an 'e/a-a& alte%nat&6 0en-e,/an-an 0%*+.(nya yan- /e%,.t. t&n--&2


4/16

III4 METODE PENELITIAN

341 B"*"% "% A5"

a2 Pe,/.atan 5h&0' te,0e

Bahan : te,0e3 /ahan 0en-.at 8te0.n- te%&-.3 /e%a'3 ,ae>ena3 ta0&*(a3

-a0le( +an h.n(7e=3 /.,/.?/.,/. 'e-a%23 ,&nya( -*%en- 3 /.,/. ta/.%

%a'a 4a-.n- ,an&'

Alat : Blen+e%3 Ny&%.3 0&'a.3 37a'(*n3 (*,0*%3 +an+an-3 +ll2 Unt.( .4& 5&ta

%a'a +&-.na(an 5h&0' te,0e +en-an /e%/a-a& 0e%la(.an 0ena,/ahan

/ahan 0en-.at3 a&% 0.t&h +en-an alat 0&%&n- 0en-h&+an-3 -ela'3 'en+*(3

6*%,.l&% .4& *%-an*le0t&(2

/2 Anal&'a K&,&a /ahan: 5h&0' te,0e3 +en-an alat .nt.( anal&'a (a+a% a&%:

ne%a5a anal&t&(3 *ven3 +e'&(at*%3 5a7an 0*%'elen3 (a+a% 0%*te&n : /ahan :

5h&0' te,0e 3 H;SO@ 0e(at3 H-O3 K;SO@3NaOH @ 3 A'a, B*%at ; 3

In+&(at*% BCG3 HCI 3; N2 In+&(at*% PP +en-an 0e%alatan la/. +e't%.('&3

la/. +e't&la'&3B.%et 0en4e0&t3 E%len,eye%3 Gela' U(.%3 P&0et v*l.,e3

Ba((e% -la''3 Stat&63 5*%*n-3 0e,ana'3 alat +e't&la'&2 Anal&'a (a+a% le,a(

/ahan: 5h&0' te,0e3 0et%*le., ete% +en-an alat : Pe%ea('& S*hlet3 (a0a'

/e/a' le,a(3 ne%a5a anal&t&(3 +e'&(at*%3 (*n+en'*%2

3424 T,-+" P,%,5''"%

Unt.( 0e,/.atan 5h&0' te,0e 'e%ta 0en-.4&an *%-an*le0t&( +&la(.(an +&

La/*%at*%&., Te(n*l*-& Pan-an F&((e' UNIMUS 2 Se+an-(an (a+a% a&%3 0%*te&n

+an le,a( +&anal&'a +& Bala& La/*%at*%&., Ke'ehatan Se,a%an-2

342 P!s,$! P,%,5''"%

P,-b$""% )*'+s T,-+,

Pa+a 0enel&t&an &n& yan- +&-.na(an /ahan 0en-.at +ala, 0e,/.atan 5h&0'

te,0e a+alah /e%,a5a,?,a5a, te0.n- +en-an (*n'ent%a'& ,a'&n-,a'&n-3 !

13 1! +an 'at. 0e%la(.an tan0a 0ena,/ahan /ahan 0en-.at 'e/a-a& (*nt%*l2

P%*'e+.% 0e,/.atan 5h&0' te,0e +en-an /ahan 0en-.at ,el&0.t& taha0

0e,/alan5h&n-an te,0e33 0en-&%&'an3 0en-han5.%an3 0ena,/ahan /ahan 0en-.at

'e'.a& 0%*'enta'e2 Pena,/ahan /.,/. 'e-a%3 0e,/.n-(.'an3 0en-.(.'an3


5/16

0en+&n-&nan3 0en5eta(an3 0en-e%&n-an3 +an 0en--*%en-an2 P%*'e+.% 0e,/.atan

5h&0' +a0at +&l&hat 0a+a -a,/a% 12 P%*0*%'& 0e%la(.an te0.n- +a0at +&l&hat 0a+a

ta/le 12

B"*"% +,%$" #%!5 I II III

Te0.n- te%&-.

Te0.n- ta0&*5a

Te0.n- ,ae>ena

Te0.n- /e%a'

Te0.n- -a0le(

Te0.n- h.n(7e

?

?

?

?

?

?

!

!

!

!

!

!

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

G"-b"! 14 D&a-%a, Al&% Pe,/.atan Ch&0' Te,0e


6/16

A%"5's" #""! P!,'% 6-,, K/,5"*57

Pe%h&t.n-an : N 8S?B= N BM 1 BC 11

Ka+a% 0%*te&n N F

Kete%an-an :

S Ha'&l 0en&ta%an 'a,0el 8,l=

B Ha'&l 0en&ta%an /lan-(* 8,l=

N N*%,al&ta' HCl

F Fa(t*% (*nve%'& 0%*te&n (a5an- (e+ela& 8!3"!=3 tel.% 83;!=

A%"5's" K""! A'! ( -,, +,%,!'%"% 68,%7

1 ? ;

Ka+a% a&% ??????????????????? 1 1

Kete%an-an: 1 B*/*t 5.0l&(an 'e/el., +&(e%&n-(an 8-%a,=

; B*/*t 5.0l&(an 'etelah +&(e%&n-(an 8-%a,=

K""! L,-"# 6M,, S9*5,7

Be%at le,a( 8-%=

Pe%h&t.n-an : Le,a( ???????????????????????? 1

Be%at 'a,0el

Pen&la&an O%-an*le0t&( : He+*n&( '5ale '(*%&n-3

R"%&"%"% P,!&b""%

Ran5an-an 0e%5*/aan 0a+a 0enel&t&an &n& a+alah %an5an-an a5a( len-(a0

6a5t*% t.n--al yan- +&la(.(an +en-an +.a (al& .lan-an +en-an e,0at ta%a6

0e%la(.an ya&t. 3 ! 3 1 3 +an 1! 2

A%"5's" D""

Anal&'&' +ata +&la(.(an +en-an /ant.an 5*,0.te% 0%*-%a, SPSS 6*%

&n+*7' ve%'& 1;32 Anal&'&' .n&va%&at +&la(.(an .nt.( ,e,0e%*leh -a,/a%an

+&'t%&/.'& ,a'&n-?,a'&n- va%&a/le 0enel&t&an2 Anal&'a +ata yan- +&-.na(an +ala,

0enel&t&an &n& a+alah anal&'&' va%&an .nt.( ,en-etah.& a+anya 0en-a%.h

0ena,/ahan /ahan 0en-.at 8te0.n- /e%a'3 te%&-.3 ,ae>ena3 ta0&*5a3 -a0le( +an

te0.n- (a5an- h&4a. 8h.n(7e= 0a+a 5h&0' te,0e te%ha+a0 (a+a% a&%3 0%*te&n3 le,a(

+an +aya te%&,a (*n'.,en te%ha+a0 0%*+.(2


7/16

IV4 HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN

Penel&t&an tentan- 5h&0' te,0e &n& +&la(.(an ; taha0 ya&t. 0enel&t&an

0en+ah.l.an yan- /e%t.4.an .nt.( ,en5a%& /ahan 0en-.at yan- 0al&n- 'e'.a&

ya&t. +a0at ,en-.at(an te('t.% 5h&0' te,0e 'ela,a 0en-*lahan 3 teta0& teta0

%enyah 8 t&+a( (e%a'=2 D&'a,0&n- &t. /ahan 0en-.at +&ha%a0(an t&+a( ,en-.%an-&

,.t. 0%*+.( 5h&0' te,0e /a&( -&>& ,a.0.n *%-an*le0t&(nya

P,%,5''"% P,%"*$5$"%

Penel&t&an &n& +&a7al& +en-an .4& 5*/a 0e,/.atan te,0e +en-an /ahan

0en-.at -.,3 CMC +an (a%a-enan +en-an (*n'ent%a'& ,a'&n-?,a'&n- 3;!3

3! 1 +an 'at. 0e%la(.an tan0a 0ena,/ahan /ahan 0en-.at 'e/a-a& 5*nt%*l2

Se'.a& +en-an '&6at?'&6atnya 'e/a-a& 0en-&(at3 +&ha%a0(an 0ena,/ahan /ahan?

/ahan te%'e/.t +a0at ,en-.at(an te('t.% te,0e 'eh&n--a t&+a( %a0.h 'aat

0en-*lahan lan4.t2

Ha'&l +a%& .4& 0en+ah.l.an +&0e%*leh te,0e +en-an 0ena,/ahan /ahan

0en-.at -.,3 CMC +an (a%a-enan t&+a( +a0at te%/ent.(3 +an ,en-ala,&

0e,/.'.(an 'etelah 0e,e%a,an 'ela,a ;@ 4a, +en-an te('t.% le,/e( /e%a&% Hal

&n& +&'e/a/(an (a%ena -.,3 CMC +an (a%a-enan ,en-ha,/at a(t&6&ta' (a0an-

Rh&>*0.' '0 0a+a (e+ela& 'eh&n--a t&+a( +a0at ,e,/ent.( ,a''a yan- 0a+at +an

(*,0a(2 E6e( 0en-ha,/atan -., te%ha+a0 6e%,enta'& te,0e +&'e/a/(an (a%ena

-., +a0at ,en&n-(at(an 0en-&(atan a&% 8h&-%*6&l&(= +an ,e,/ent.( (*l*&+3

'eh&n--a (e+ela& ,en4a+& /a'ah +an ,e,/.'.( 3 CMC +an (a%a-enan ,e,0.nya&

e6e( yan- 'a,a te%ha+a0 0%*'e' 6e%,enta'& te,0e2 A&% yan- /e%le/&han a(an

,en-ha,/at 0e%t.,/.han (a0an-3 (a%ena 'et&a0 4en&' (a0an- ,e,0.nya& A7*0t&,., .nt.( 0e%t.,/.hannya2

P,%,5''"% $"-"

Ma5a, te0.n- yan- +&ta,/ah(an a+alah te0.n- te%&-.3 /e%a'3 ,ae>ena3

ta0&*5a3 -a0le( +an h.n(7e3 +en-an (*n'ent%a'& !3 1 +an 1!3 'e/a-a&

5*nt%*l a+alah te,0e tan0a 0ena,/ahan /ahan 0en-.at2


8/16

H"s'5 A%"5's" K'-'" )*'+s T,-+,

K""! A'!

Ka+a% a&% 5h&0' te,0e +&.4& +en-an ,et*+e *ven ,en.n4.((an ha'&l 'e0e%t& 0a+a

G"-b"! 24

G"-b"! 24 Ka+a% a&% 5h&0' te,0e +en-an /ahan 0en-.at

Anal&'a 'tat&'t&( ,en.n4.((an a+a 0en-a%.h yan- '&-n&6&(an anta%a 4en&' te0.n-

te%ha+a0 (a+a% a&% 5h&0 te,0e teta0& (*n'ent%a'& te0.n- t&+a( /e%0en-a%.h

te%ha+a0 (a+a% a&% 5h&0' te,0e2 Da%& .4& lan4.t +&(etah.& a+a 0e%/e+aan anta%a

te0.n- -a0le( +en-an te0.n- /e%a' +an te%&-.3 4.-a anta%a te0.n- h.n(7e +en-an

te0.n- /e%a'3 ta0&*(a3 te%&-. +an ,ae>ena2 Se+an-(an (*nt%*l ,en.n4.((an t&+a(

a+a 0e%/e+aan +en-an 0ena,/ahan 'e,.a 4en&' te0.n-2

K""! P!,'%

Ha'&l anal&'a Ka+a% P%*te&n +a0at +&l&hat 0a+a -a,/a% #2 Ka+a% 0%*te&n

te%t&n--& te%l&hat 0a+a (*nt%*l 8tan0a 0ena,/ahan te0.n-= 2 Se+an-(an 5h&0'

te,0e yan- +&ta,/ah /ahan 0en-.at te('t.% ya&t. /e%,a5a,?,a5a, te0.n-

,en.n4.((an (a+a% 0%*te&n te%t&n--& 0a+a ,a'&n-?,a'&n- te0.n- +en-an

(*n'ent%a'& 8!= 2Hal &n& 'e'.a& +en-an (an+.n-an 0%*te&n /ahan2 Te,0e

,e,0.nya& (a+a% 0%*te&n te%t&n--& +&/an+&n- te0.n- yan- +&-.na(an 'e/a-a&

/ahan 0en-.at2


9/16


10/16

G"-b"! 34 Ka+a% 0%*te&n 5h&0' te,0e +en-an /ahan 0en-.at

Ha'&l anal&'a 'tat&'t&( ,en.n4.((an a+a 0en-a%.h yan- '&-n&6&(an anta%a 4en&'

te0.n- te%ha+a0 (a+a% 0%*te&n 89 ! 3 0 : 3; < 3!=3 +an a+a 0en-a%.h anta%a

(*n'ent%a'& 0ena,/ahan te0.n- te%ha+a0 (a+a% 0%*te&n 5h&0' te,0e 89 ! 3 0 :

3 < 3!= 4.-a anta%a 4en&' +an (*n'ent%a'& te0.n- 'e5a%a /e%'a,a?'a,a

te%ha+a0 (a+a% 0%*te&n 89 ! 3 0 : 31 < 3!= 2 U4& lan4.t ,en.n4.((an 0e%/e+aan anta% 0e%la(.an3 0e%/e+aan yan- '&-n&6&(an anta%a 5h&0' tan0a

0ena,/ahan te0.n- 8(*nt%*l= +en-an 'e,.a 4en&' te0.n- +an anta%a 4en&' te0.n-

ta0&*(a +en-an te0.n- /e%a'3 te%&-. +an ,ae>ena2 Se+an- 0a+a va%&a'& (*n'ent%a'&

.4& lan4.t ,en.n4.((an a+a 0e%/e+aan yan- '&-n&6&(an anta%a (*nt%*l 8= +en-an

!31 +an 1!3 4.-a 0a+a 0ena,/ahan ! te%ha+a0 0ena,/ahan te0.n- 1

+an 1!2

K""! L,-"#

Ha'&l .4& (a+a% le,a( 5h&0' te,0e +a0at +&l&hat 0a+a -a,/a% @2 Rata%ata

te%t&n--& a+alah 5h&0 yan- +&ta,/ah(an te0.n- h.n(7e ! 2 Anal&'a 'tat&'t&(

+en-an An*va ,en.n4.((an a+a 0en-a%.h yan- '&-n&6&(an anta%a 4en&' te0.n-

te%ha+a0 (a+a% le,a( 5h&0' te,0e 89 ! 3 0 : 3 < 3!= +an a+a 0en-a%.h

anta%a (*n'ent%a'& 0ena,/ahan te0.n- te%ha+a0 (a+a% le,a( 89 ! 3 0 : 311 <

3!=2 Ha'&l .4& lan4.t +&(etah.& a+a 0e%/e+aan yan- '&-n&6&(an anta%a (*nt%*l


11/16

+en-an 'e,.a 4en&' te0.n-3 4.-a 0a+a te0.n- te%&-. +en-an -a0le( +an ta0&*(a2

Se+an-(an .nt.( (*n'ent%a'& 0ena,/ahan te0.n- ,en.n4.((an a+a 0e%/e+aan

yan- '&-n&6&(an anta%a ! +en-an 1 +an 1! 0a+a ,a'&n-?,a'&n- te0.n-3

'e+an-(an 1 +an 1! t&+a( /e%/e+a 1! t&+a( /e%/e+a2

G"-b"! :4 Ka+a% le,a( 5h&0' te,0e +en-an /ahan 0en-.at

Anal&'a 'tat&'t&( +en-an An*va ,en.n4.((an a+a 0en-a%.h yan-

'&-n&6&(an anta%a 4en&' te0.n- te%ha+a0 (a+a% le,a( 5h&0' te,0e 89 ! 3 0 : 3

< 3!= +an a+a 0en-a%.h anta%a (*n'ent%a'& 0ena,/ahan te0.n- te%ha+a0 (a+a%

le,a( 89 ! 3 0 : 311 < 3!=2 Se+an-(an 0en-a%.h 'e5a%a /e%'a,aan anta%a

4en&'3 (*n'ent%a'& +an (a+a% le,a( t&+a( '&-n&6&(an2 U4& lan4.t t&a0?t&a0 0e%la(.an

4en&' te0.n- +en-an .4& LSD ,en.n4.((an a+a 0e%/e+aan yan- '&-n&6&(an anta%a

(*nt%*l +en-an 'e,.a 4en&' te0.n-3 4.-a 0a+a te0.n- te%&-. +en-an -a0le( +an

ta0&*(a2 Unt.( 0e%/e+aan (*n'ent%a'& 0ena,/ahan te0.n- ,en.n4.((an a+a

0e%/e+aan yan- '&-n&6&(an anta%a ! +en-an 1 +an 1! 0a+a ,a'&n-?,a'&n-

te0.n-3 'e+an-(an 1 +an 1! t&+a( /e%/e+a2

A%"5's" O!"%5,+'#

Ha'&l anal&'a *%-an*le0t&( 5h&0' te,0e +a0at +&l&hat 0a+a G"-b"! ;3 yan-

,en.n4.((an t&+a( a+a (e5en+e%.n-an te%tent. +a%& 0ena,/ahan /ahan 0en-.at

,a.0.n (*n'ent%a'& yan- +&-.na(an2 Me'(&0.n +e,&(&an te%l&hat 0ena,/ahan


12/16

te0.n- ta0&*(a +an ,ae>ena ,e,0.nya& '(*% 5&ta%a'a le/&h t&n--& +&/an+&n-

0e%la(.an yan- la&n2

R"s" "% A!-"

Ra'a +an a%*,a 5h&0' te,0e 'an-at +&0en-a%.h& /ahan +a'a%nya ya&t.

te,0e2 Be/e%a0a (*,enta% 0anel&' tentan- %a'a +an a%*,a ,enyata(an3 %ata%ata

0%*+.( ,a'&h ,en&n--al(an %a'a +an a%*,a (ha' te,0e3 te%.ta,a (*nt%*l 8tan0a

0ena,/ahan te0.n-=2 Hal &n& +&'e/a/(an (a%ena (an+.n-an en>&, L&0*('&-ena'e

yan- te%+a0at 'e5a%a ala,& 0a+a (e+ela& ,enye/a/(an /a. lan-.2

Anal&'a 'tat&'t&( +en-an .4& F%&e+,an ,en.n4.((an a+a 0en-a%.h

0e%la(.an (*n'ent%a'& +an 4en&' te0.n- te%ha+a0 a%*,a 5h&0' te,0e +en-an 9 ! 3

0 : 3# < 3!2 Unt.( %a'a ,en.n4.((an a+a 0en-a%.h (*n'ent%a'& +an 4en&'

te0.n- te%ha+a0 %a'a 5h&0' te,0e 0a+a ta%a6 '&-n&6&(an 9 ! 3 0 : 3 < 3!@2

G"-b"! ;4 Rata?%ata '(*% .4& 5&ta %a'a Ch&0' Te,0e +en-an /ahan 0en-.at

T,#s$! "% K,!,%


13/16

telah +&(e%&n-(an h&n--a (a+a% a&%nya ,en5a0a& ,&n&,., ata. 'e%en+ah

,.n-(&n2

Ha'&l .4& *%-an*le0t&( ,en.n4.((an3 0%*+.( yan- +&ta,/ah(an ,ae>ena

le/&h %enyah +&/an+&n-(an 0ena,/ahan te0.n- la&nnya2 Te0.n- Mae>ena

te%-*l*n- -l.ten?6%ee3 +&/.at +a%& 0at& 4a-.n-3 .,.,nya +&0a(a& 'e/a-a& /ahan

.ta,a 0a+a 5.'ta%+2 Te0.n- ,ae>ena ,e,/e%& te('t.% hal.' +an le,/.t 0a+a

'0*n-e 5a(e +an 0.+&n-3 'e%ta e6e( %enyah 0a+a (.e (e%&n-2 Pe%/e+aan te('t.% +an

(e%enyahan 0a+a 0%*+.( 5h&0' te,0e3 'alah 'at.nya +&'e/a/(an (a%ena 0e%/e+aan

(a+a% a&% 0%*+.( 'e/el., 0en--*%en-an2 Pen5eta(an +&la(.(an 'e5a%a ,an.al3

'eh&n--a ,e,.n-(&n(an (ete/alan 0%*+.( t&+a( 'e%a-a,2 Hal &n& ,enye/a/(an

0en-.%an-an (a+a% a&% 'aat 0en-e%&n-an 4.-a t&+a( 'e%a-a,2

Ha'&l anal&'a 'tat&'t&( ,en.n4.((an a+a 0en-a%.h (*n'ent%a'& +an 4en&'

te0.n- te%ha+a0 (e%enyahan 5h&0'3 +en-an ta%a6 '&-n&6&(an 9 ! 80 : 3 <

3!#=2 Unt.( te('t.%3 4.-a a+a 0en-a%.h yan- '&-n&6&(an anta%a (*n'ent%a'& +an

4en&' te0.n- te%ha+a0 te('t.%3 0a+a 9 ! 80 : 3 < 3!@=2

W"!%"

a%na 0%*+.( yan- +&-*%en- +&'e/a/(an3 'ela,a 0%*'e' 0en--*%en-an

te%4a+& %ea('& 0e,/ent.(an a%*,a3 (a%a,el&'a'&3 0en--e%a(an 0a+a /ahan3

0en5*(latan 'e%ta 0el.5.tan -.la3 0%*te&n +an le,a( +a%& /ahan yan- +&-*%en-

yan- *leh 0e,ana'an a(an +&./ah ,en4a+& 'enya7a 7a%na2 Pa+a 0%*+.( 5h&0'

te,0e 4en&' te0.n- +an (*n'ent%a'& yan- +&ta,/ah(an 4.-a ,e,0en-a%.h& 7a%na

0%*+.(2 Kan+.n-an -.la3 0%*te&n +an le,a( /ahan +a0at ,e,/ent.( 7a%na

0%*+.( 0en--*%en-an2 Ha'&l .4& 'tat&'t&( ,en.n4.((an a+a 0en-a%.h yan-

'&-n&6&(an 89 ! 3 0 : 3 < 3!= anta%a 0e%la(.an (*n'ent%a'& +an 4en&' te0.n-te%ha+a0 7a%na 0%*+.(2


14/16

V4 PENUTUP

;41 K,s'-+$5"%

Ha'&l anal&'&' 'tat&'t&( 0en-a%.h 0en--.naan /ahan 0en-.at ,en.n4.(an

/ah7a: a+a 0en-a%.h yan- '&-n&6&(an anta%a 4en&' te0.n- te%ha+a0 (a+a% a&% 5h&0

te,0e teta0& (*n'ent%a'& te0.n- t&+a( /e%0en-a%.h te%ha+a0 (a+a% a&% 5h&0' te,0e3

Pa+a anal&'&' te%ha+a0 0%*te&n3 ,en.n4.((an a+a 0en-a%.h yan- '&-n&6&(an anta%a

4en&' te0.n- te%ha+a0 (a+a% 0%*te&n 89 ! 3 0 : 3; < 3!=3 a+a 0en-a%.h anta%a

(*n'ent%a'& 0ena,/ahan te0.n- te%ha+a0 (a+a% 0%*te&n 5h&0' te,0e 89 ! 3 0 :

3 < 3!= 4.-a anta%a 4en&' +an (*n'ent%a'& te0.n- 'e5a%a /e%'a,a?'a,a

te%ha+a0 (a+a% 0%*te&n 89 ! 3 0 : 31 < 3!= 2 U4& lan4.t ,en.n4.((an

0e%/e+aan yan- '&-n&6&(an anta%a 5h&0' tan0a 0ena,/ahan te0.n- 8(*nt%*l=

+en-an 'e,.a 4en&' te0.n- +an anta%a 4en&' te0.n- ta0&*(a +en-an te0.n- /e%a'3

te%&-. +an ,ae>ena2 Se+an-(an 0a+a (*n'ent%a'& te0.n- ,en.n4.((an 0e%/e+aan

yan- '&-n&6&(an anta%a (*nt%*l 8= +en-an !31 +an 1!3 4.-a 0a+a

0ena,/ahan ! te%ha+a0 0ena,/ahan te0.n- 1 +an 1!2

Pa+a anal&'&' te%ha+a0 le,a( ,en.n4.((an a+a 0en-a%.h yan- '&-n&6&(an

anta%a 4en&' te0.n- te%ha+a0 (a+a% le,a( 5h&0' te,0e 89 ! 3 0 : 3 < 3!=

+an a+a 0en-a%.h anta%a (*n'ent%a'& 0ena,/ahan te0.n- te%ha+a0 (a+a% le,a( 89

! 3 0 : 311 < 3!=2 Se+an-(an 0en-a%.h 'e5a%a /e%'a,aan anta%a 4en&'3

(*n'ent%a'& +an (a+a% le,a( t&+a( '&-n&6&(an2 U4& lan4.t ,en.n4.((an 0e%/e+aan

0a+a t&a0?t&a0 0e%la(.an 4en&' te0.n-3 a+a 0e%/e+aan yan- '&-n&6&(an anta%a

(*nt%*l +en-an 'e,.a 4en&' te0.n-3 4.-a 0a+a te0.n- te%&-. +en-an -a0le( +an

ta0&*(a2 Unt.( (*n'ent%a'& 0ena,/ahan te0.n- ,en.n4.((an a+a 0e%/e+aan yan-

'&-n&6&(an anta%a ! +en-an 1 +an 1! 0a+a ,a'&n-?,a'&n- te0.n-3

'e+an-(an 1 +an 1! t&+a( /e%/e+a2Ha'&l .4& *%-an*le0t&( 'e5a%a .,., ,en.n4.((an /ah7a: t&+a( a+a

(e5en+e%.n-an te%tent. +a%& 0ena,/ahan /ahan 0en-.at ,a.0.n (*n'ent%a'& yan-

+&-.na(an2 Me'(&0.n +e,&(&an te%l&hat 0ena,/ahan te0.n- ta0&*(a +an ,ae>ena

,e,0.nya& '(*% 5&ta%a'a le/&h t&n--& +&/an+&n- 0e%la(.an yan- la&n2


15/16

;42 S"!"%

Unt.( +a0at ,en-*0t&,al(an 0%*+.( +a%& a'0e( 5&ta %a'a: 7a%na3 a%*,a3

(e%enyahan +an %a'a3 ,a(a 0e%l. +&5*/a 0ena,/ahan /ahan /ahan la&n yan-

'.+ah ,e,0.nya& +a'a% 7a%na +an 5&ta %a'a yan- '0e'&6&( 'e0e%t& 4a-.n- ,an&'3

'eh&n--a +a0at ,e,&n&,al(an a6te%ta'te te,0e 0a+a 5h&0' yan- (.%an- +&'.(a&2


16/16

S.,/e%:

A,&nah3 S&t&2 D((2 ;1;2 )*'+s T,-+, S,b""' M"#"%"% R'%"% A5,!%"'P,%"%' J$%#4 J.%nal2.n&,.'2 *l2 1 N*2 1 Hal 1 $2

Makalah Chip Tempe

Documents