KARYA TULIS AKHIR HUBUNGAN ANTARA POSTUR KERJA …eprints.umm.ac.id/34670/2/jiptummpp-gdl-iwayanmaha-46387-1-pendahul-n.pdfCleland JA, Koppenhaver S, 2011, Netter’s Orthopaedic Clinical

KARYA TULIS AKHIR

HUBUNGAN ANTARA POSTUR KERJA DENGAN NYERI MUSCULUS

LEVATOR SCAPULAE PADA PEKERJA DI PABRIK BORDIR BANGIL

Oleh:

I WAYAN MAHARDIKA AGASTYA ADITYAWARMAN

201110330311123

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN

2016

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN

LAPORAN HASIL PENELITIAN

Telah disetujui sebagai hasil penelitian untuk memenuhi persyaratan

Pendidikan Sarjana Fakultas Kedokteran

Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

1 Agustus 2016

Pembimbing I

dr. Mochamad Bahrudin, Sp.S

Pembimbing II

dr. Bambang Widiwanto, Sp.OT

Mengetahui,

Dekan Fakultas Kedokteran

Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

dr. Irma Suswati, M.Kes

KATA PENGANTAR

Assalamu’alaykum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuhu

Alhamdulillah, segala puji hanya untuk Allah ‘Azza Wa Jalla, yang karena Nikmat

dan Rahmat-Nya Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan tugas akhir

yang berjudul “Hubungan Antara Postur Kerja Dengan Nyeri Tekan M. Levator Scapulae

Pada Pekerja di Pabrik Bordir Bangil”

Penulisan penelitian ini dilakukan dalam rangka memenuhi salah satu syarat

untuk mencapai gelar Sarjana Kedokteran Jurusan Pendidikan Dokter pada Fakultas

Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.

Penulis menyadari bahwa penyusunan tugas akhir ini jauh dari sempurna,

walaupun demikian penulis telah berusaha semaksimal mungkin serta mendapatkan

bantuan dan bimbingan dari dosen pembimbing dalam rangka penyusunan. Tanpa

bantuan dari Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala kemudian bantuan dan dorongan dari berbagai

pihak, sangatlah tidak mudah menjalani masa perkuliahan hingga pada penyusunan tugas

akhir ini.

Akhir kata penulis berharap adanya saran dan kritik yang membangun dan

semoga penelitian ini dapat menambah wawasan serta bermanfaat bagi semua

pihak.

Malang, 1 Agustus 2016

Penulis

DAFTAR ISI

Daftar Isi Halaman

HALAMAN JUDUL..................................................................................... i

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN........................................................................... ii

LEMBAR ORISINALITAS........................................................................ .. iii

LEMBAR PENGUJIAN............................................................................. ... iv

KATA PENGANTAR................................................................................... v

UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH.......................................................................... vi

ABSTRAK.................................................................................................... . viii

ABSTRACT..................................................................................................... ix

DAFTAR ISI.................................................................................................. x

DAFTAR TABEL.......................................................................................... xii

DAFTAR GAMBAR..................................................................................... xiii

DAFTAR SINGKATAN............................................................................... xiv

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN.................................................................................. xv

BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN............................................................................ 1

1.1 Latar Belakang................................................................................. 2

` 1.2 Rumusan Masalah............................................................................ 3

1.3 Tujuan Penelitian............................................................................. 3

1.3.1 Tujuan Umum.......................................................................... 3

1.3.1 Tujuan Khusus......................................................................... 3

1.4 Manfaat Penelitian........................................................................... 3

BAB 2 TINJAUAN PUSTAKA................................................................... 5

2.1 Postur Kerja..................................................................................... 5

2.1.1 Definisi Postur Kerja................................................................ 5

2.1.2 Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Postur Kerja................................ 6

2.1.3 Jenis Postur Kerja..................................................................... 8

2.2 Rapid Upper Limb Assesment (RULA)............................................ 11

2.2.1 Prosedur Penggunaan Metode RULA....................................... 12

2.3 Anatomi M. Levator Scapulae.......................................................... 19

2.3.1 Letak M. Levator Scapulae....................................................... 19

2.3.2 Fungsi M. Levator Scapulae..................................................... 20

2.4 Nyeri Leher dan Bahu....................................................................... 21

2.4.1 Definisi Nyeri Leher dan Bahu................................................. 21

2.4.2 Faktor Risiko Nyeri Leher dan Bahu........................................ 22

2.5 Nyeri................................................................................................. 24

2.5.1 Definisi Nyeri........................................................................... 24

2.5.2 Mekanisme Nyeri..................................................................... 24

2.5.3 Nyeri Otot................................................................................. 27

2.6 Pekerja Industri Pakaian Jadi............................................................ 28

2.7 Hubungan Postur Kerja dengan Nyeri M. Levator Scapulae.......... 30

BAB 3 KERANGKA KONSEPTUAL DAN HIPOTESIS PENELITIAN.. 33

3.1 Kerangka Konseptual Penelitian...................................................... 33

3.2 Hipotesis........................................................................................... 35

BAB 4 METODE PENELITIAN.................................................................. 36

4.1 Jenis Penelitian................................................................................. 36

4.2 Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian............................................................ 36

4.3 Populasi dan Sampel Penelitian....................................................... 36

4.4 Teknik Sampling dan Besar Sampel................................................ 36

4.5 Karakteristik Sampel Penelitian....................................................... 37

4.5.1 Kriteria Inklusi......................................................................... 37

4.5.2 Kriteria Eksklusi...................................................................... 37

4.6 Variabel Penelitian........................................................................... 37

4.7 Definisi Operasional......................................................................... 38

4.8 Instrumen Penelitian......................................................................... 38

4.9 Prosedur Penelitian........................................................................... 40

4.10 Alur Penelitian................................................................................ 41

4.11 Teknik Pengumpulan Data............................................................. 41

4.12 Analisis Data................................................................................... 41

BAB 5 HASIL PENELITIAN DAN ANALISIS DATA.............................. 42

5.1 Deskripsi Karakteristik Sampel Penelitian....................................... 42

5.2 Deskripsi Variabel Penelitian........................................................... 43

5.3 Analisa Data..................................................................................... 46

BAB 6 PEMBAHASAN............................................................................... 49

BAB 7 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN......................................................... 52

7.1 Kesimpulan....................................................................................... 52

7.2 Saran................................................................................................. 52

DAFTAR PUSTAKA.................................................................................... 54

LAMPIRAN.................................................................................................. 60

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran Halaman

1. Lembar Persetujuan Ikut Dalam Penelitian ........................................... 61

2. Identitas Perorangan .............................................................................. 62

3. (VAS) Visual Analog Scale ................................................................... 63

4. Formulir Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) ................................ 64

5. Data Observasi ...................................................................................... 65

6. Uji Statistik ............................................................................................ 70

7. Dokumentasi Penelitian ......................................................................... 75

8. Surat Izin Penelitian .............................................................................. 77

9. Kartu Konsultasi Tugas Akhir.............................................................. 78

10. Surat Laik Etik. ................................................................................... 79

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