g~jt AvqvZzj−vn& gynv¤§` ZvKx wgmevn& Bqvh`x Abyev`t · ˆ˙˝˛ ˜ ˜ #" ˇ ˘ . .. ˘/ - ‡gŠwjK wek¦¦vm I wPš—v mKj g~j¨‡eva I myk„sLj gZv`‡k©i wfwË iPbv K‡i

g~jt AvqvZzj−vn& gynv¤§` ZvKx wgmevn& Bqvh`x

Abyev`t gynv¤§` gvCb DwÏb

��

�� .�� !�" #" . $�%� �&'� ( �� )*!+ � �*, '

��- �.��/�� /�� 0 �1��2� �2�3 4 .

‡gŠwjK wek¦¦vm I wPš—v mKj g~j¨‡eva I myk„sLj gZv`‡k©i wfwË iPbv K‡i Ges m‡PZb

A_ev cÖvq m‡PZbfv‡e gvby‡li AvPvi-eënv‡ii Dci cÖfve †d‡j| G `„wó‡KvY †_‡K Bmjvgx g~j¨‡eva I ixwZ-bxwZ‡K cÖwZwôZ Kivi R‡b¨ Bmjv‡gi †gŠwjK wek¦vmmg~n‡K gvby‡li nƒ`‡q RvMÖZ Ki‡Z n‡e, †h¸‡jv G wekvj‡`nx e„‡¶i g~j e‡j cwiMwYZ| Avi Gi gva¨‡g mywgó I g‡bvgy»Ki dj aviY KiZt yÕRM‡Zi †mŠfvM¨ I m¤§„w×i wbðqZv wewaZ nq |

G Kvi‡YB Bmjvgx wPš—vwe`MY, Bmjv‡gi Avwef©v‡ei cÖ_g kZvãx‡ZB wewfbœ cÖwµqv I

c×wZ‡Z Bmjvgx wek¦vm m¤c‡K© e¨vL¨vÑwe‡k−lY K‡i‡Qb| ‡hgbt Kvjvgkv ¿we`MY wewfbœ ch©v‡qi Kvjvgkv ¿ iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb| mv¤cÖwZK Kv‡jI bebe wewfbœ AbyccwËi Dci wfwË K‡i ( H¸‡jvi Reve `v‡bi R‡b¨ ) GKvwaK cy —K ‡jLv n‡q‡Q I mK‡ji nv‡Zi bvMv‡j ivLv n‡q‡Q | wKš—y cÖvqktB G mKj cy —K yÕwU m¤c~Y© m¦Zš¿ —‡ii R‡b¨ cÖYqb Kiv nq | Gi GKwU nj t mvaviY —‡ii R‡b¨ hv A‡c¶vK…Z mnR-mij fvlvq I AwaK e¨vL¨v-we‡k−l‡Yi gva¨‡g iwPZ nq; Avi AciwU njt we‡klÁ †kªYxi R‡b¨, hv RwUj I ZË¦xq cwifvlvq ewY©Z nq| Z‡e gaëZx© —‡ii cvVK‡kªYxi R‡b¨ Dchy³ cy —‡Ki ’vb k~b¨ c‡o Av‡Q| Avi GR‡b¨ el© ci¤civq agx©q cÖwZôvbmg~n Gai‡bi cy —‡Ki Afve Abyfe Ki‡Q|

d‡j ÔBmjvgx cÖPvi ms ’viÕ `vwqZ¦kxj‡ì civgk©µ‡g Ges Ô`vi iv‡n nvKÕ bvgK

cÖwZôv‡bi GK`j we‡kl‡Ái mn‡hvMxZvq G cy —KwU cÖYq‡bi D‡×vM wbB | G cy —KwUi we‡klZ¦ nj wbgœiƒc t

1| cy —‡Ki welqÑe —y †hŠw³K web¨vm eë ’vi Av‡jv‡K k„sLwjZ

Kivi Ges h_vm¤¢e †Kvb wel‡qi Av‡jvPbv cieZx© cv‡Vi Dci b¨¯— bv Kivi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q| 2| cviZc‡¶ my có I mij fvlv eënvi Kivi Ges RwUj I msKUgq cwifvlv¸‡jv

cwinvi Kivi †Póv K‡iwQ| Avi †mB mv‡_ †Póv K‡iwQ mnR‡eva¨ A_©mg~n‡K mvwnZ¨vjsKv‡ii R‡b¨ DrmM© bv Kivi |

3| ‡Kvb wel‡qi cÖwZcv`‡bi Rb¨ wbwðZ I A‡c¶vK…Z my có `wjjmg~n eënvi Kivi

†Póv K‡iwQ | Avi GKvwaK `wj‡ji mgvnviKiY I ye©j `wj‡ji AvKw¯§K Dcw ’wZ †_‡K ~‡i _vKvi †Póv K‡iwQ |

4| Abyiƒc AwZwi³ e¨vL¨vÑwe‡k−lY Dc ’vcb Kiv †_‡K h_vm¤¢e ~‡i †_‡KwQ, hv we`¨vbyivMx‡ì âh©Pz wZi KviY nq| AZGe Avkvbyiƒc msw¶c—Zv eRvq ivLvi †Póv K‡iwQ |

5| †h‡nZz G cy —KwU ga¨g ‡kªYxi wk¶v_x©‡ì cÖwk¶‡Yi R‡b¨ cÖYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| ZvB

RwUj I myKwVb `wjj, †h¸‡jvi R‡b¨ `k©b, Zvdwmi A_ev nv`xm m¤c‡K© Mfxi Ávb _vKvi cÖ‡qvRb nq, †m¸‡jvi Dc ’vcbv †_‡K weiZ †_‡KwQ| Ri“ix †¶‡Î cÖ‡qvRbxq f~wgKv eY©bv K‡iB ¶vš— n‡qwQ Ges H wel‡qi Ab¨vb¨ m¤c~iK As‡ki R‡b¨ Aci cy —Kmg~‡n AbymÜv‡bi civgk© w`‡qwQ, hv‡Z wk¶v_x©‡ì gv‡S AbymÜvb I M‡elYvi gvbwmKZv m„wó nq|

6| cy¯—‡Ki welq e —y m^Zš¿ cv‡V wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges †gvUvgywU cÖ‡Z¨KwU cv‡V mswk−ó

welq e —y‡K ’vb †`qv n‡q‡Q| 7| †Kvb †Kvb cv‡Vi ¸i“Zc~Y© welqmg~n‡K cieZx© cv‡V ¸i“Z mnKv‡i D‡j−L Kiv

n‡q‡Q| KL‡bvev cyb©e¨³ Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv‡Z wk¶v_©x‡ì gw —‡®‹ welqwU DËgiƒ‡c ’vb jvf K‡i|

8| cÖwZwU cv‡Vi †k‡l cÖkœgvjv D×„Z Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv wk¶v_x©‡ì Ávb jv‡fi c‡_

mnvqK n‡e| (Abyev‡ì mgq H¸‡jv D‡j−L Kiv nq wb)| wbm‡›`‡n G eBwUI fyj-Î“wUi D‡aŸ© bq Ges Avkv Kwi m¤§vwbZ wk¶gÛjxi civgk© I mgv‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g cieZx© ms¯‹i‡Y H¸‡jv‡K cwinvi Kiv n‡e |

cweÎ Iqvjx Avm‡ii ìev‡i ( Avgv‡ì Rxeb Zvui wbwgË DrmM©K…Z , Avj−vn Zvui

Avwef©ve ZivwšZ Ki“b ) G ¶y`ª cÖ‡PóvUzKz MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e Ges agx©q cÖwZôvb I gwngvwšZ knx`M‡Yi wbKU Avgv‡ì F‡Yi †evSv nqZ wKQyUv jvNe n‡e G cÖZ¨vkv iBj |

‡Kvg-‡gvnv¤§` ZvKx wgmevn Bqvh`x kvnwiqvi 1365 ‡mŠi el©

`¦x‡bi aviYv t

G eB‡qi D†Ïk¨ nj , Bmjvgx gZwek¦v‡mi e¨vL¨v-we‡k−lY Kiv hv‡K cvwifvwlK A‡_©

Ô`¦x‡bi g~jbxwZÕ ejv n‡q _v‡K | d‡j Ô`¦xbÕ (��) kãwU I GZ`m¤cwK©Z Ab¨vb¨ cwifvlvmg~‡ni Dci me©v‡MÖ msw¶c—iƒ‡c Av‡jvKcvZ Kivi †Póv Kie | KviY, hyw³kv‡ ¿i g‡Z †Kvb wel‡qi msÁvmg~‡ni ’vb me©kx‡l©|

Ô ¦xbÕ GKwU Aviex kã, hvi kvwãK A_© nj AbymiY , cÖwZ`vb BZ¨vw`| cwifvlvMZ A‡_©, gvbyl I we‡k¦i R‡b¨ GKRb m„wóKZ©v Av‡Qb e‡j wek¦vm Ges G wek¦vm m¤cwK©Z hveZxq wewa-wb‡la nj Ô ¦xbÕ | ¦x‡bi G msÁvbymv‡i, hviv m¤c~Y©iƒ‡c m„wóKZ©vq Awek¦vmx Ges m„ómg~‡ni m„wó‡K mvsNwl©K A_ev ïaygvÎ cÖK…wZ I c`v_©mg~‡ni wµqv-cÖwZwµqvi dj e‡j g‡b K‡ib, Zviv weag©x e‡j cwiwPZ | Avi hviv we‡k¦i m„wóKZ©vq wek¦vm K‡ib, Zv‡ì gZv`k© I ag©vbyôvb¸‡jv hZB mwePy wZ I Kzms¯‹viv”QbœB †nvK bv †Kb, Zviv mag©x e‡j cwiMwYZ| G g~jbxwZi wfwË‡Z gvby‡li g‡a¨ cÖPwjZ ag©mg~n‡K mZäg© I wg_¨va‡g© wef³ Kiv hvq |

AZGe mZäg© ej‡Z eySvq t †h ag© mZ¨vbymv‡i I mwVK gZwek¦v‡mi Dci cÖwZwôZ Ges †h mKj AvPvi-eënvi ch©vc— hyw³- cÖgv‡Yi wfwË‡Z mwVK I Av ’vkxj e‡j cwiMwYZ †m mKj AvPvi-eënv‡ii e¨vcv‡i mycvwik I ¸i“Z¦ cÖ`vb K‡i | ¦x‡bi †gŠjvsk I †MŠYvsk t

¦x‡bi cvwifvwlK aviYvi wfwË‡Z ¯cóZtB cÖZxqgvb nq ‡h, cÖwZwU ¦xbB Kgc‡¶ yÕwU Ask wb‡q MwVZ t

1| †h mKj wek¦v‡mi Dci ¦x‡bi g~jwfwË cÖwZwôZ 2| H g~jwfwËmg~‡ni wfwË‡Z cÖYxZ Kg©m~Px | AZGe, h_v_©B ejv hvq †h,Ô gZwek¦vm Õ nj, ¦x‡bi g~j Ask Ges wewa-wb‡la nj

¦x‡bi †MŠY Ask| ‡hgbt Bmjvgx cwÛZMY G yÕwU cwifvlv‡K Bmjvgx gZwek¦vm I wewa-wb‡l‡ai †¶‡Î eënvi K‡i‡Qb |

wek¦ „wó Ges gZv`k© t

wek¦ „wó Ges gZv`k© G cwifvlv¸‡jv cÖvq GKB A‡_© eënƒZ n‡q _‡K mvaviYZt wek¦ „wó ej‡Z eySvq t wek¦ I gvbyl m¤cwK©Z GK †kªYxi mvgwMÖK wek¦vm I „wófw½, A_©vr mvgwMÖKfv‡e Aw —Z¦ m¤c‡K© GK †kªYxi mvgwMÖK wek¦vm I `„wófw½| Avi gZv`k© ej‡Z eySvq t

gvby‡li AvPvi-eënvi m¤c‡K© GK †kªYxi mvgwMÖK gZvgZ | Dc‡ivwj−wLZ A_©vbymv‡i †Kvb ¦x‡bi †gŠwjK I wek¦vmMZ welq¸‡jv‡K H `¦x‡bi wek¦ „wó

Ges ¦x‡bi mvgwMÖK wewa-wb‡laMZ welq¸‡jv‡K H `¦x‡bi gZv`k© e‡j g‡b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Abyiƒc Zv‡ì‡K ¦x‡bi †gŠjvsk I †MŠbvsk iƒ‡c eY©bv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i | wKš‘ Avgv‡ì g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, gZv`k© cwifvlvwU AvswkK wewa-wb‡l‡ai †¶‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ bq| †miƒc wek¦ „wóI AvswkK wek¦vmmg~n‡K mgš¦q K‡ibv |

D‡j−L¨, ÔgZv`k©Õ kãwU KL‡bv KL‡bv mvaviY A‡_© eënvi Kiv nq | ZLb wek¦`„wóI Gi Aš—f~©³ e‡j cwiMwYZ nq |

Hk¦wiK wek¦ „wó I e ‘MZ wek¦ „wó t gvby‡li g‡a¨ wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii wek¦ „wó we`¨gvb wQj Ges GLbI eZ©gvb| Z‡e

AwZcÖvK…wZK welq‡K MÖnY I eR©‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i G¸‡jv‡K `Õyfv‡M wef³ Kiv hvq t Hk¦wiK wek¦ „wó Ges e ‘ev`x wek¦ „wó|

c~‡e© e ‘ev`x wek¦ „wói Abymvix‡ì‡K cÖK…wZev`x, G¨vw_ó (Atheist) KL‡bv KL‡bv ‰ØZev`x (Dualist) I bvw —K ejv nZ| eZ©gv‡b Zv‡ì‡K e ‘ev`x ev Materialist bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q _v‡K|

e ‘ev‡ì wewfbœ kvLv-cÖkvLv i‡q‡Q| Z‡e, Aaybv G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ ¦vw› ¦K e ‘ev` (Dialectic Materialism) me©vwaK cwiwPZ, hv gvK©wmR‡gi `k©b‡K iƒc`vb K‡i‡Q| BwZg‡a¨B ¯có n‡q‡Q †h, wek¦ „wói cwiwa ¦x‡bi wek¦vmMZ Ask A_©vr AvK¡v‡q` A‡c¶v we —„ZZi| KviY, Zv bvw —Këv`x I e ‘ev`x wek¦vm‡KI mgwb¦Z K‡i _v‡K| Abyiƒc, gZv`k© cwifvlvwUI ïaygvÎ `x‡bi mgMÖ wewa-wb‡l‡ai R‡b¨B eënƒZ nqbv | Hkx ag©mg~n Ges Zv‡ì g~jbxwZmg~n t

wewf›¥ a‡g©i DrcwËi m¦iƒc m¤c‡K© HwZnvwmK, mgvRweÁvbx I b„weÁvbx‡ì g‡a¨ gZv‰bK¨ we`¨gvb | Z‡e, Bmjvgx Drm †_‡K hZUzKz Rvbv m¤¢e, Zvi wfwË‡Z ejv hvq t gvby‡li Avwefv©‡ei mv‡_ mv‡_B a‡g©i Avwefv©e N‡UwQj Ges gvbe RvwZi cÖ_g m`m¨ nhiZ Av`g (Avt) m¦qs Avj−vni bex , ZvInx†ì cÖe³v Ges G†Kk¦iev`x wQ‡jb| Avi Askxev`x ag©mg~n me© v wePy wZ Ges mvgwóK I e¨w³MZ †jvf-jvjmvi d‡j DrcwË jvf K‡iwQj |1

G‡Kk¦iev`x ag©mg~n, †h¸‡jv cÖK…Zc‡¶ Hk¦wiK ag©mg~nI e‡U, †m¸‡jv mZäg© e‡j cwiMwYZ| G ag©¸‡jv wZbwU mvgwMÖK g~‡j Awfbœ | h_v t

(1) GKK cÖfyi cÖwZ wek¦vm| (2) cÖwZwU gvby‡li R‡b¨ ciKvjxb Abš— Rxeb Av‡Q e‡j wek¦vm I cvw_©e K‡g©i

1| wePy wZi D`vniYm¦¦¦iƒc Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi, †Kvb †Kvb ¦x‡bi Abymvixiv AZ¨vPvix I cÖfvekvjx‡ì mš‘wói R‡b¨ ¦xb‡K ïaygvÎ m„wóKZ©vi mv‡_ gvby‡li m¤úK© Ges ¦x‡bi Avn&Kvg‡K ïaygvÎ ag©xq wKQy AvPviÑAbyôv‡bi g‡a¨B mxgve× K‡i‡Qb| we‡kl K‡i ivR‰bwZK I mvgvwRK Kvh©Kjvc‡K ag©ewnf©~Z Kg© e‡j eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| A_P cÖwZwU Hkx ag©B gvby‡li Bn I ciKvjxb Kj¨v‡Yi R‡b¨ mvgvwRK †¶‡Î H mgv‡Ri RbM‡Yi w`Kwb‡ ©kbvi `vwqZ¦fvi M«nY K‡i‡Q| Z‡e gvbyl Zvi mxgve× Áv‡b G‡K Abyaveb Ki‡Z AcviM| G welqwUi e¨vL¨v h_v ’v‡b ewY©Z n‡e| me©‡kl bex, whwb gnvb cÖfy KZ…©K †cÖwiZ n‡q‡Qb, m½Z Kvi‡YB wek¦RM‡Zi Awš—g jMœ ch©š— gvby‡li R‡b¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Av‡`k-wb‡la I cwiwPwZ, Zvi (me©‡kl bex ) wbKU †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb| Avi G Kvi‡YB Bmjvgx wk¶vi GKUv we‡kl Ask Ry‡o mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK I ivR‰bwZK Av‡jvPbvi ¸i“Z¦ we`¨gvb |

R‡b¨ AwR©Z Kg©dj MÖn‡Yi (wè‡mi) cÖwZ wek¦vm ¯’vcb| (3) cig DrKl© mvab Ges Bn‡jŠwKK I cvi‡jŠwKK Kj¨v‡Yi c‡_ gvbyl‡K

cwiPvjbvi R‡b¨ gnvb cÖfyi wbKU †_‡K bexMY †cÖwiZ n‡q‡Qb e‡j wek¦vm ¯’vcb|

G g~jÎq cÖK…Zc‡¶ wZbwU ‡gŠwjK cÖkœ, hv cÖ‡Z¨K we‡eK m¤úbœ gvby‡li we‡e‡KB we`¨gvb ZviB Reve gvÎ| cÖkœÎq wbgœiƒc t

(1) Aw —Z¦ `vb K‡ib †K ? (2) Rxe‡bi †k‡l Kx i‡q‡Q ? (3) wKiƒ‡c Rxe‡bi m‡e©vrK…ó Kg©m~Pxi cwiPq cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i ?

cÖm½Zt Inxi gva¨‡g Rxeb-Kg©m~Pxi †h welq-e ‘ wbwðZiƒc jvf K‡i‡Q, mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© Zv-B nj †m ag©xq gZv`k© hv Hk¦wiK wek¦ „wói Dci cÖwZwôZ |

Acwinvh© welqmg~n , Awe‡”Q`¨ welqmg~n , wbf©ikxj welqmg~n Ges mswk−ó e¨vL¨v-we‡k−lYmg~n, ‡h¸wj mvgwMÖKfv‡e ¦x‡bi wek¦vm mgwó‡K iƒcvwqZ K‡i ‡m¸wji mgb¦‡q †gŠwjK gZwek¦vm MwVZ| Avi wek¦vmmg~‡ni êmv „k¨B nj GKvwaK ag©, agx©q `j-Dc`j I gvhnv‡ei DrcwËi KviY| †hgb t †Kvb †Kvb bexM‡Yi (Avt) beyq¨‡Zi e¨vcv‡i gZv‰b‡Kï Kvi‡YB Bûw`, Lªxóvb I Bmjvg a‡g©i g‡a¨ Ges Zv‡ì gZwek¦vm I AvPvi-Abyôv‡bi †¶‡Î êmv „k¨ cwijw¶Z n‡”Q| GgbwK †Kvb †Kvb welq, †gŠwjK gZwek¦v‡mi (cÖK…Z) mv‡_I Am½wZ m„wó K‡i‡Q| †hgb t Lªxóvb‡ì wÎZ¡ev`, G‡Kk¦iev‡ì mv‡_ cy‡ivcywi m½wZnxb ; hwÌ Zviv Gi e¨vL¨v †`qvi †Póv K‡ib| Abyiƒc ivmyj (mt) -Gi DËim~ix wbe©vP‡bi cÖwµqvq A_©vr ÔAvj−vni c¶ ‡_‡K wbe©vwPZ n‡eb, bv RbMY wbe©vPb Ki‡e?Õ G wel‡qi Dci gZwe‡iv‡ai d‡jB wkqv I mybœx gvhnv‡ei g‡a¨ êmv „k¨ m„wó n‡q‡Q |

Dcmsnv‡i ejv hvq, ZvInx`, beyq¨Z Ges cybi“Ìvb wèm, G wZbwU n‡”Q cÖ‡Z¨K Hk¦wiK a‡g©iB †gŠwjKZg wek¦vm| Z‡e G g~jÎ‡qi we‡k−l‡Yi d‡j AwR©Z A_ev Zv‡ì Aaxb ’ Ab¨vb¨ wek¦vmmg~n‡KI we‡kl cvwifvwlK A‡_© †gŠwjK wek¦vmiƒ‡c MYbv Kiv ‡h‡Z cv‡i | †hgb t †Lv`vi Aw —‡Z¦ wek¦vm‡K GKwU †gŠwjK wek¦vm Ges Zuvi GKZ¡‡K Aci GKwU †gŠwjK wek¦vm wnmv‡e g‡b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i | A_ev beyq¨‡Zi wek¦vm‡K mKj a‡g©iB †gŠjvsk Ges me©‡kl bex nhiZ gyn¤g` (mt)-Gi beyq¨‡Zi cÖwZ wek¦vm‡K Bmjv‡gi Aci GKwU †gŠwjK wek¦vmiƒ‡c MYbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i | †hgb t †Kvb †Kvb wkqv cwÛZ b¨vqcivqYZv‡K ( �� ) GKwU m¦Zš¿ g~j wnmv‡e g‡b K‡ib, hwÌ GUv ZvInx‡ìB GKwU kvLv | Abyiƒc, beyq¨‡Zi Aaxb nIqv m‡Z¡I BgvgZ‡K Avjv`v GKwU †gŠwjK wek¦vmiƒ‡c MYbv K‡i _v‡Kb| cÖK…Zc‡¶ Gai‡bi wek¦v‡mi †¶‡Î Ô†gŠwjK Õ kãwUi eënvi GKvš—B cvwifvwlK I cvi¯cwiK m¤§wZwfwËK| d‡j, G e¨vcv‡i weZ‡K©i †Kvb AeKvk †bB |

AZGe, Ô ¦x‡bi ‡gŠjvskÕ kãwU‡K mvaviY I we‡kl G yÕwU A‡_© eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Ô‡gŠjvskÕ cwifvlvwUi mvaviY A_© Ô ¦x‡bi †MŠYvskÕ A_©vr wewa-wb‡la As‡ki wecix‡Z eënƒZ n‡q _v‡K Ges wbf©i‡hvM¨ mKj gZwek¦vm‡K mgb¦q K‡i _v‡K| Avi Zvi we‡kl A_©wU `¦x‡bi †gŠwjKZg wek¦v‡mi †¶‡Î wba©vwiZ n‡q _v‡K| Abyiƒc, †gŠwjK wek¦vmÎ‡qi gZ mKj Hkx a‡g©i Awfbœ wek¦vm‡K (ZvInx`, beyq¨Z, cybi“Ìb wèm) ¦x‡bi †gŠjvsk (wbi¼zkfv‡e) Ges Zv‡ì mv‡_ Aci GK ev GKvwaK †gŠwjK wek¦v‡mi mgb¦‡q Ô ¦x‡bi we‡kl

†gŠjvskÕ A_ev GK ev GKvwaK wek¦vm ,†h¸‡jv gvhnve ev wdiKvi we‡klZ, ‡m¸‡jvi ms‡hvR‡bi gva¨‡g †Kvb gvhnv‡ei †gŠwjK wek¦vmiƒ‡c MYbv Kiv nq| ¦x‡bi AbymÜv‡bi DÏxcKmg~n t

ev —eZv m¤c‡K© cwiPq jvf Ges mZ¨ m¤c‡K© Ávb jv‡fi mnRvZ cÖe„wË I wdZivZMZ Pvwn`v gvby‡li AvwZ¥K we‡klZ¡mg~‡ni Aš—f©y³, hv cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li ˆkk‡e cÖKvk jvf K‡i Ges Rxe‡bi Awš—g gyn~Z© ch©š— eRvq _v‡K| mZ¨vbymwÜrmy G wdZivZ‡K KL‡bv KL‡bv ÔAbymwÜrmy Bw› ªqI Õ ejv n‡q _v‡K| G wdZivZ gvbyl‡K Øx‡bi KvVv‡gvi Af¨š—‡i we`¨gvb wewfbœ welq m¤ú‡K© wPš—v Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡i Ges mZ¨ ag©‡K wPbvi R‡b¨ D‡`¨vMx K‡i| D`vniY ¦iƒc D‡j−L‡hvM¨ t

Bwš ªq MÖvn¨Zv ewnf~©Z Ges Ae ‘MZ (A „k¨) †Kvb wel‡qi Aw —Z¦ i‡q‡Q wK ? hw` †_‡K _v‡K , Z‡e A`„k¨ RMr I e ‘RMr ev Bwš ªqMÖvn¨ wel‡qi g‡a¨ wK †Kvb m¤cK© we`¨gvb? hw` m¤cK© †_‡K _v‡K, Z‡e Bw› ªqMÖvn¨Zv ewnf~©Z Ggb †Kvb Aw —Z¦ wK we`¨gvb, hv e ‘RM‡Zi m„wóKZ©v ?

gvby‡li Aw —Z¦ wK ïaygvÎ G e ‘MZ †`‡ni mv‡_B mswk−ó Ges Zvi Rxeb wK ïaygvÎ G cvw_©e Rxe‡biI g‡a¨B mxgve×, bv wK Aci †Kvb Rxe‡bi Aw —Z¦I i‡q‡Q ? hw` Aci †Kvb Rxe‡bi Aw —Z¦ †_‡K _v‡K, Z‡e Bn I cvi‡jŠwKK Rxe‡bi g‡a¨ wK †Kvb m¯cK© Av‡Q? hw` m¤cK© †_‡K _v‡K Z‡e cvw_©e †Kvb& †Kvb& welq¸‡jv cvi‡jŠwKK wel‡qi Dci cÖfve †d‡j _v‡K ? wKfv‡e gvby‡li Bn I cvi‡jŠwKK Kj¨v‡Yi wbðqZv `vbKvix mwVK Kg©m~Pxi cwiPq cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i? me©‡k‡l, H Kg©m~PxwU Kx ? AZGe, mZ¨vbymwÜrmy mnRvZ cÖe„wËB nj cÖavb KviY hv gvbyl‡K mKj wel‡qi Dci we‡kl K‡i ag© m¤Üxq wel‡qi Dci ch©v‡jvPbvi Ges mZ¨ ¦xb‡K wPbvi R‡b¨ D‡`¨vMx K‡i|

Aci GKwU KviY, hv mZ¨vbymÜv‡bi cÖwZ gvby‡li AvMÖn‡K e„w× K‡i Zv nj mZ¨vbymwÜrmv wfbœ Aci GK ev GkvwaK wdZivZMZ Kvgbv mswk−ó Aewkó Pvwn`vmg~n cyi‡Yi cÖeYZv, hv we‡kl cwiwPwZmg~‡ni Aš—f~©³| †hgb t wewfbœ e ‘MZ Icvw_©e êfe †_‡K jvfevb nIqvi cÖeYZv hv êÁvwbK cÖ‡Póv I AMÖMwZi gva¨‡g gvbyl‡K Zvi KvswLZ Pvwn`v cyi‡Y mnvqZv K‡i| Abyiƒc, ¦xb hw` gvby‡li AvKvsLv cyi‡Yi, ¦v_© I Kj¨v‡Yi Ges wec`-Avc` I ¶q-¶wZi nvZ ‡_‡K gvbyl‡K i¶v Kivi wbðqZv w`‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e Zvi R‡b¨ ZvI evwÃZ n‡e|

jvfevb nIqvi mnRvZ cÖeYZv Ges ¶wZi nvZ †_‡K cjvqb cÖeYZv ¦xb m¤c‡K© AbymÜv‡bi Aci GKwU KviY e‡j cwiMwYZ | Z‡e Áv‡bi cwiwai we —„wZ Ges mKj cÖKvi ev —eZv‡K Rvbvi Rb¨ ch©ß kZ© Kvh©Ki bv _vKvi d‡j m¤¢eZt gvbyl Ggb †Kvb welq‡K AbymÜv‡bi R‡b¨ wbe©vPb K‡i _v‡K hvi mgvavb mnRZi Ges hvi dj mnRjf¨ I Abyfe‡hvM¨| Aci w`‡K ¡xb m¤cwK©Z welqmg~‡ni mgvavb RwUjZi I Kvh©Ki †Kvb ¸i“Z¡c~Y© dj †bB| G aviYvi ekeZx© n‡q Zv‡ì‡K we‡ePbv Kiv †_‡K weiZ _v‡K| d‡j ¯úóZtB D‡j−L Kiv cÖ‡qvRb †h, ¡xb m¤cwK©Z welqmg~~nB wePvi-we‡k¬lY I AbymÜv‡bi †¶‡Î we‡kl ¸i“Z¡en| Ggb wK †Kvb welqB wePvi-we‡k¬l‡Yi R‡b¨ G welq¸‡jvi mgZzj ¸i“Z¡

iv‡L bv| G cÖm‡½ ¯§iY‡hvM¨ ‡h, †Kvb †Kvb g‡bvweÁvbx I g‡bvmgx¶K wek¦vm K‡ib †h,

†Lv`vfxi“Zv nj gvby‡li GKwU cÖZ¨¶ wdZivZMZ Pvwn`v Ges Zvi Drm‡K ag©vbyf~wZ ( ) �� bvgKiY KiZt Zv‡K AbymwÜrmv, Kj¨vYvbyf~wZ I †mŠ›`h©vbyf~wZi cvkvcvwk PZz_© AvwZ¥K êwkóïƒ‡c MYbv K‡i‡Qb|

Zviv Zv‡ì G aviYvi m¡c‡¶ hyw³ cÖ k©‡bi R‡b¨ BwZnvm I cÖZ¥Z‡Z¡i kiYvcbœ n‡q‡Qb Ges e‡j‡Qb †h, †Lv`vfxi“Zv me ©v †Kvb bv †Kvbfv‡e me©hy‡Mi gvby‡li g‡a¨ me© v cÖPwjZ wQj| Avi G mve©RbxbZv I wPiš—bZvB †Lv`vfxi“Zvi wdZivZMZ nIqvi mc‡¶ cÖgvY enb K‡i |

Z‡e wdZivZMZ Pvwn`vi mve©Rbxb A_© G bq ‡h, GUv me© v me©R‡bi g‡a¨ RvMÖZ I mRxe _vK‡e Ges gvbyl‡K mZK©Zvi mv‡_ Avcb hvÂvi w`‡K DØy× Ki‡e| eis Zv cvwicvwk©K cwi‡ek I Î“wUc~Y© cwiPh©vi Kvi‡Y wb¯úªf I wbw¯ŒqI n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i wKsev Avcb mwVK c_ ‡_‡K wePy Z n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i, †hgwb K‡i Ab¨vb¨ mnRvZ cªeYZvi †¶‡Î Gai‡bi wb¯úªfZv, wePy wZ I Ae`wgZ Ae ’v Kg‡ekx cwijw¶Z nq|

G gZev` Abymv‡i, `¦x‡bi AbymÜv‡bi DÏxcK nj cÖZ¨¶fv‡e wdZ&ivZMZ Ges hyw³-cÖgv‡Yi wfwË‡Z Gi Acwinvh©Zv cÖwZôvi †Kvb cÖ‡qvRb †bB |

G gZev`‡K ¡x‡bi wdZivZMZ nIqv m¤úwK©Z AvqvZ Ges †iIqv‡q‡Zi DØ„wZi gva¨‡g cÖgvY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e G wdZivZMZ Pvwn`v Ae‡PZb Aem’vq cÖKvk cvqÕ -G aviYvi Dci wfwI K‡i †KD †KD ZK©-weZ‡K©i LvwZ‡i wb‡Ri g‡a¨ G ai‡bi cÖeYZvi Aw —Z¡‡K A¯xKvi Ki‡Z cv‡i| ZvB Avgiv ïaygvÎ G hyw³‡ZB Zzó ne bv Ges Øx‡bi AbymÜv‡bi ¸i“Z¡ cÖgvY Ki‡Z eyw×e„wËK cÖgv‡Yi Avkªq MÖnY Kie| Øx‡bi AbymÜv‡bi ¸i“Z¡ t

¯cóZtB cÖZxqgvb nq †h, GKw`‡K ev —eZv‡K wPbvi R‡b¨ wdZ&ivZMZ Pvwn`v, Aciw`‡K ¯v_©wmw× I jvfevb nIqvi, ¶wZi nvZ †_‡K wbivc‡` _vKvi cÖeYZv nj wPš—v Kivi R‡b¨ Ges Mfxi ÁvbvR©‡bi R‡b¨ kw³kvjx DÏxcK| AZGe, †Kvb e¨w³ AewnZ nj †h, hyM hyM a‡i GK‡kªYxi wewkó e¨w³eM© `vex K‡i‡Qb †h, ÒAvgiv Bn I ciKvjxb Kj¨v‡Yi w`‡K gvbyl‡K c_ cÖ`k©‡bi R‡b¨ wekRM‡Zi m„wóKZ©vi wbKU †_‡K †cÖwiZ n‡qwQÓ m‡Zï evYx †cuŠQv‡bvi c‡_ I gvbyl‡K c_ cÖ k©‡bi †¶‡Î Zviv †Kvb cÖKvi †Póv Kiv †_‡K weiZ nb wb Ges †h †Kvb cÖKvi ytL-Kó‡K mn¨ K‡i‡Qb; GgbwK G c‡_ Zviv wbR RxebI DrmM© K‡i‡Qb| ZLb H e¨w³ c~‡e©vwj−wLZ DÏxcK ¡‡qi `¡viv ¡xb m¤c‡K© AbymÜv‡bi Rb¨ DÏxß n‡q Rvb‡Z †Póv K‡i †h, cqMv¤îM‡Yi `vex KZUv mZ¨ Ges KZUv hyw³hy³| we‡kl K‡i †Kvb e¨w³ Rvb‡Z cvij †h, Zv‡ì (bexM‡Yi ) AvnŸvb Abš— myL I êf‡ei mymsev` Ges Abš— ytL- y ©kv I kvw —i fxwZ cÖ k©b mswk−ó| A_©vr Zv‡ì Avnev‡b mvov †`qvi g‡a¨ wPiš—b myL-

m¤§„w×i mg¢vebv we`¨gvb| Avi Zv‡ì AvnŸv‡bi we‡ivwaZv Kivi g‡a¨ Abš— ¶wZi m¤¢vebv we`¨gvb| Z‡e H e¨w³ ‡Kvb& ARynv‡Z ¦xb m¤ú‡K© D`vmxbZv I ˆkw_j¨ cÖ k©b Ki‡e Ges AbymÜvb I M‡elYvi R‡b¨ D‡`¨vMx n‡e bv ?

nu v, m¤¢eZt ‡KD AjmZv I AvivgwcÖqZvi Kvi‡Y M‡elYv I AbymÜv‡bi Kv‡R wb‡R‡K cwikªvš— Ki‡Z Pvb bv A_ev ¦xb MªnY Kivi Kvi‡Y wKQy mxgve×Zv ev evaëvaKZv m„wó n‡e Ges Zvi wKQy wKQy † ¦”QvPvix Kg© †_‡K Zv‡K weiZ ivL‡e, G Kvi‡Y `¦x‡bi AbymÜvb †_‡K †m wb‡R‡K `~‡i iv‡L |2

wKš‘ G ai‡bi e¨w³iv AwP‡iB G AjmZv I †m¡”QvPvwiZvi †kvPbxq cwiYwZ †`L‡Z cv‡e Ges cwi‡k‡l Abš— kvw — I Acwimxg `y ©kvq cwZZ n‡e |

G ai‡bi e¨w³‡ì Aem’v Amym’ H wb‡ev©a wkïi ‡P‡qI Lvivc †h Jl‡ai wZ³Zvi f‡q wPwKrm‡Ki wbKU hvq bv Ges wbwðZ g„Zz i gy‡L wb‡R‡K †V‡j †`q| KviY fvj-g‡›ì cv_©K¨ eySvi gZ h‡_ó eyw×e„wËK weKvk D³ wkïi N‡Uwb| Z‡e wPwKrm‡Ki civg‡k©i we‡ivwaZv Kivi d‡j ïaygvÎ ¶Ym’vqx G Rxe‡bi myL-m¡v”Q›` ‡_‡K ewÂZ nËqv ê wKQy bq| wKb‘ GKRb eqtcÖvc— I m‡PZb gvbyl, †h jvfÑ†jvKmvb m¤c‡K© fve‡Z cviM, †m †Zv ¯í ’vqx my‡Li wewbg‡q Abš— kvw —B µq K‡i _v‡K |

G Kvi‡YB, cweÎ †Kvivb G ai‡bi D`vmxb gvbyl‡K PZz c` cÖvYxi †P‡qI Aag e‡j eY©bv K‡i‡Q| †Kvivb G †kªYxi †jvK‡ì m¤c‡K© e‡j t

�� Ñ Zviv PZz®ú` Rš‘i gZ eis Zv ‡_‡KI Aag; ZvivB n‡”Q Mv‡dj (myiv Avivd-179)| Aci GK ’v‡b †Kvivb Zv‡ì‡K wbK…óZg cÖvbxiƒ‡c cwiPq Kwi‡q e‡j t

�� !�� "�� #� ��$ �� %�� Ñ wbtm‡›`‡n Avj−vn&i wbKU mg — cÖvYxi Zzjbvq ZvivB wbK…óZg Rxe hviv ewai, ‡evev I

hviv we‡eKnxb (myiv Avbdvj - 22) | GKwU fyj aviYvi Ac‡bv`b t

nqZ †KD †KD Ggb †Kvb evnvbv uvo Kiv‡Z cv‡ib †h, †Kvb mgm¨v mgvav‡b gvbyl ZLbB cÖ‡Póv Pvjvq, hLb Zv mgvav‡bi †Kvb c_ Lyu‡R cvevi Avkv _v‡K| wKš‘ Avgiv ¡xb I

`xb m¤cwK©Z †Kvb wel‡qi e¨vcv‡i wPš—v-fvebv K‡i, †Kvb dj cvevi e¨cv‡i Lye GKUv Avkvev`x bB| d‡j †m mKj K‡g©i †cQ‡bB Avgv‡ì mgq I kªg e¨q Kivq cÖvavb¨ wè, †h¸‡jv †_‡K dj cvIqvi e¨vcv‡i Avgiv A‡c¶vK…Z †ekx Avkvev`x|

Rev‡e G ai‡bi †jvK‡ì‡K ej‡Z nq t cÖ_gZt ¡x‡bi †gŠwjK welq¸‡jvi mgvav‡bi cÖZ¨vkv †Kvbfv‡eB Ab¨ mKj êÁvwbK

welqem‘i mgvav‡bi †P‡q Kg bq| Avgiv Rvwb †h, Ggb A‡bK êÁvwbK welq Av‡Q ‡h, K‡qK `kK Aweivg cÖ‡Póvi ci †m¸‡jvi mgvavb Kiv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q |

wØZxqZt m¤¢vebvi (Probablity) ¸i“Z¡ †KejgvÎ GK wbev©nxi (m¤¢vebvi cwigvY) DciB wbf©i K‡i bv, eis m¤¢ve¨Zvi (Probable) cwigvYI we‡ePbv Ki‡Z nq| D`vniYZt hw` †Kvb GKwU eëmvq jv‡fi m¤¢vebv 5% Ges Aci GKwU‡Z m¤¢vebv 10% nq; wKš— hw` cÖ_g eëmvq m¤¢ve¨ jv‡fi cwigvY 1000 UvKv Ges wØZxq eëmvq mg¢ve¨ jv‡fi cwigvY

2| myiv Avj wK¦qvgvn- 5, ��

100 UvKv nq, Z‡e cÖ_g eëmvwU wØZxq eëmvi Dci cvuP¸Y †ekx ¸i“Z cv‡e, hwÌ cÖ_g eëmvq mg¢vebvi cwigvY 5% wQj hv w ¡Zxq eëmvi m¤¢vebvi (10%)3 A‡a©K |

‡h‡nZz ¦x‡bi AbymÜv‡b m¤¢ve¨ jv‡fi cwigvY Amxg, myZivs P~ovš— dj jv‡fi m¤¢vebv hZB ¶y ª †nvK bv †Kb Zvi m¤c‡K© AbymÜvb cÖ‡Póvi ¸i“Z¡ Ab¨ †h †Kvb wel‡qi †P‡q †ekx| KviY, H¸‡jvi dj mxgve× |

AZGe, GKgvÎ ZLbB ¦xb m¤c‡K© AbymÜvb †_‡K weiZ _vKv eyw×e„wËKfv‡e MÖnY†hvM¨ n‡e, hLb gvbyl ¦x‡bi AmviZv m¤c‡K© A_ev ¦xb m¤cwK©Z welqmg~n mgvavb‡hvM¨ bq e‡j wbwðZ n‡e| wKš‘ G ai‡bi wbðqZv †Kv_v n‡Z AwR©Z n‡e ?

cÖK…Z gvbyl nIqvi kZ© f~wgKv t

BwZc~‡e© Avgiv ¡x‡bi AbymÜv‡bi ¸i“Z¡ Ges mZ¨ ag©‡K wPbvi R‡b¨ cÖ‡Póv Kivi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv‡K mij eY©bvi gva¨‡g cÖwZôv K‡iwQ, hv jvfevb nIqvi wdZivZMZ Pvwn`v Ges ¶wZ ‡_‡K ~‡i _vKvi cÖeYZvi Dci wbf©ikxj wQj| G cÖeYZv cÖ‡Z¨‡KiB Avf¨š—‡i we`¨gvb Ges cvwifvwlK A‡_©, wbf©yj cÖZ¨¶ Ávb mg¡wjZ| 4

GLb Avgiv H welqwU‡K Ab¨fv‡e cÖwZôv Kivi †Póv Kie| Z‡e G cÖgvYwU h_v_© f~wgKvmg~‡ni Dci wbf©ikxj| H f~wgKvmg~‡ni Ae‡kl nj Giƒc t

hw` †KD ¡xb m¤c‡K© bv fv‡e Ges mwVK wek¦ „wó I gZv`‡k©i cÖwZ wek¦vm †cvlY bv K‡i Z‡e gvbweK DrK‡l© †cuŠQ‡Z cvi‡e bv| GgbwK Zv‡K g~jZt cÖK…Z gvbyliƒ‡cI g‡b Kiv hv‡e bv| A_©vr cÖK…Z gvbyl nIqvi kZ© nj mwVK wek¦ „wó Ges gZv`‡k©i Abymvix nIqv |

G cÖgvYwU wZbwU f~wgKvi Dci wbf©ikxj | h_v t K) gvbyl, Ggb GK Aw —Z¡, †h DrK‡l© †cuŠQ‡Z Pvq| L) gvby‡li DrKl© eyw×e„wË wbf©i Hw”QK AvPvi-eënv‡ii gva¨‡g AwR©Z n‡q _v‡K | M) eyw×e„wË wbf©i Kvh©Kix wewa-weavb we‡kl ZvwË¡K cwiwPwZi Av‡jv‡K iƒc jvf

K‡i| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wek¦ „wói g~jbxwZÎq me©vwaK ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| A_©vr Aw —‡Zi Drm, Rxe‡bicwiYwZ (cybi“Ìvb) Ges Kj¨vYKvgx Kg©m~Px jv‡fi R‡b¨ Aby‡gvw`Z c‡_i (beyq¨Z) kbv³KiY | A_©vr Awm—Z¡ cwiwPwZ, gvbe cwiwPwZ, c_ cwiwPwZ|

GLb Avgiv Dc‡iv³ f~wgKvÎ‡qi cÖ‡Z¨KwU m¤c‡K© we —vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kie |

3| ( 1000 x 5 ) ÷100 = 50, (100x 10)÷100 = 10, .: 50÷10 = 5 4| D‡j−wLZ cÖgvYwUi †KŠkjMZ cÖwµqv t hw` jvfevb nIqvi I mg~n ¶wZ †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi cÖeYZv gvby‡li wdZivZMZ Pvwn`v n‡q _v‡K

, Z‡e †h ¦xb Adyib— jv‡fi Ges Amxg ¶wZ †_‡K i¶vi wbðqZv †`qvi `vwe`vi, †m ¦xb m¤c‡K© M‡elYv Kiv Acwinvh© (Awbevh©Zv nj

wKqv‡mi wfwË‡Z Kv‡h©i Am¤c~Y© KviY)| wKb‘ jvfevb nIqvi Ges ¶wZ †_‡K wbivc‡` _vKvi cÖeYZv gvby‡li wdZivZMZ Pvwn`v | AZGe,

G‡nb ¦xb m¤c‡K© M‡elYv Kiv Acwinvh© |

G cÖgvYwU hv e¨wZµgx hyw³ ( �� ) c×wZ‡Z eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q , we‡kl †hŠw³K wePvi-we‡k−l‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj|

Avi G we‡kl †hŠw³K we‡k−lY nj, eyw×e„wËK Kvh©Kix wewa-weavb Ges Zv‡ì g~j, wKqv‡mi wfwË‡Z Acwinvh©Zv ev Kv‡h©i (Kvw•LZ dj ) KviY

(Hw”QK Kg©) m¤cwK©Z|

Avgv‡ì welqem‘i Av‡jvPbvq eëüZ cÖgvYwU‡KI Giƒ‡c eY©bv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i t hw` gvbexq DrK‡l© †cŠuQv gvby‡li wdZivZMZ

Pvwn`v n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e †h wek¦ „wó gvby‡li AvwZ¥K weKv‡ki R‡b¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq kZ©, Zvi g~jbxwZi kbv³KiY Acwinvh©| wKb‘ DrKl© mvab wdZivZMZ

Pvwn`vi Aš—f©y³| AZGe D‡j−wLZ g~jbxwZi kbv³KiY Acwinvh©|

gvbyl, DrKl© mva‡b B”QyK t ‡h †KD Zvi Avf¨b—ixY I AvwZ¥K cÖeYZv‡K Mfxifv‡e ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡e, ‡m †`L‡Z

cv‡e †h, G¸‡jvi AwaKvs‡ki g~‡j i‡q‡Q DrKl© mvab| cÖK…Zc‡¶ †KDB cQ›` K‡ibv †h, Zvi Aw —‡Z¡ †Kvb cÖKvi Î“wU _vKzK| Avi ZvB ‡m wbR †_‡K mKj cÖKvi ¯íZv, Ac~Y©Zv I Î“wU-wePz wZ ~i K‡i KvswLZ DrK‡l© †cuŠQ‡Z h_vmva¨ †Póv K‡i Ges Î“wU-wePz wZ †_‡K gy³ bv nIqv ch©š— A‡bï KvQ †_‡K Zv †Mvcb K‡i iv‡L|

gvby‡li G cÖeYZv hLb Zvi Avcb wdZ&iv‡Zi c‡_ cwiPvwjZ nq ZLb Zv Zvi mKj cÖKvi em‘MZ I AvwZ¥K weKv‡ki KviY iƒ‡c cÖZxqgvb nq| Avi hw` †Kvb Kvi‡Y ev Aem’vi †cÖw¶‡Z gvby‡li G cÖeYZv wePz wZi c‡_ cwZZ nq Z‡e Zv AnsKvi, Ac‡ii Zzjbvq wb‡R‡K eo K‡i †`Lv, cÖksmvcvMj BZ¨vw` Kz‰ewkó¨mg~n cÖKv‡ki Kvi‡Y cwiYZ nq|

hv ‡nvK, DrKl© mva‡b”Qv nj gvbe AvZ¥vi Mnx‡b Aewm’Z GK kw³kvjx wdZ&ivZMZ KviY| AwaKvsk mgqB Gi ev Gi kvLvmg~‡ni m¦iƒc m‡PZbfv‡e we‡eP¨ n‡q _v‡K| wKš‘ wKwÂr wPš—v Ki‡jB ¯cóZtB cÖZxqgvb n‡e †h, G‡ì mK‡jiB g~‡j i‡q‡Q DrKl© AbymwÜrmv | eyw×e„wËi Abymi‡Yi gva¨‡gB gvbyl DrK‡l© †cuŠQ‡Z cv‡i t

e„¶ivwRi c~Y©Zv jvf, cvwicwk©K Aem’v I evwn¨K Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj Ges Acwinvh©iƒ‡c N‡U _v‡K| †Kvb Dw ¢ B m¦vaxbfv‡e weKwkZ n‡Z cv‡i bv Ges Avcb B”Qvbyhvqx dj w`‡Z cv‡i bv| KviY Zviv Ávb I cÖZ¨‡qi AwaKvix bq |

cÖvYx‡ì c~Y©Zv jv‡fi †¶‡Î cÖZ¨q I cQ‡›ì wKQyUv m’vb i‡q‡Q| Z‡e G cÖZ¨q cÖvYxi mxgve× cvwicvwk©K Pvwn`v I AÜ mnRvZ cÖe„wËi Dci wbf©ikxj Ges cÖ‡Z¨K cÖvYxiB Bwš ªqvbyf~wZ Abyhvqx m¦í †evakw³i Av‡jv‡K Zv cwiMÖn K‡i _v‡K |

wKb‘ gvbyl Dw ¢¾ I cÖvwYR êwkó¨ QvovI yÕwU m¦Zš¿ AvwZ¥K we‡kl‡Z¡i AwaKvix| A_©vr GKw`‡K gvby‡li wdZ&ivZMZ Pvwn`v ïaygvÎ cvwicvwk©K Avm’vi g‡a¨ mxgve× bq, Aciw`‡K Zv gvby‡li eyw×e„wËK kw³i Dci wbf©ikxj| gvbyl Zvi eyw×e„wËK kw³‡K eënvi K‡i Avcb Áv‡bi cwiwa‡K Amxg ch©š— we —…Z Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avi G m¦Zš¿ AvwZ¥K we‡kl‡Z¡i Dci wfwË K‡i gvby‡li cÖZ¨q mxgve× cÖvK…wZK mxgvbv‡K Qvwo‡q Amx‡g †cuŠ‡Q †h‡Z cv‡i|

†hgwb K‡i Dw ¢‡ì we‡kl Dw ¢¾ kw³i gva¨‡g Zvi we‡kl DrKl© mvwaZ nq; †hgwb K‡i cÖvwYR DrKl© Zvi ¯fveRvZ cÖZ¨q Ges Bw› ªqvbyf~wZi Avkª‡q N‡U _v‡K ; †Zgwb gvby‡li we‡kl gvbexq DrKl© hv cÖK…Zc‡¶ Zvi AvwZ¥K weKvk, ZvI Zvi m‡PZb cÖZ¨‡qi Avkª‡q Ges eyw×e„wËi Av‡jv‡K AwR©Z n‡q _v‡K | Avi gvby‡li G eyw×e„wË gvby‡li Pvwn`vi wewfbœ ¯—i‡K kbv³ Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges GKvwaK Pvwn`vi mgvnv‡i, m‡ev©rK…ó‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡Z cv‡i|

AZGe, AvPvi-AvPiY, gvbexq nIqvi A_© nj, gvbexq we‡kl Hw”QK cÖZ¨‡qi wfwË‡Z Ges eyw×e„wËi w`K wb‡ ©kbvq Kvh©Ki nIqv| Avi gvby‡li †h mKj AvPiY ïaygvÎ cvkweK cÖe„wËi ekeZx© n‡q m¤úvw`Z nq, ‡m mKj AvPiY cvkweK AvPiYiƒ‡c cwiMwYZ nq| †hgb t MwZkw³i cÖfv‡e gvby‡li kix‡i †h MwZi mÂvi nq, Zv kvixwiK kw³iƒ‡c ewntcÖKvk jvf K‡i _v‡K |

eyw×e„wË cÖm~Z wewa-weavb ZvwË¡K wfwËi Dci wbf©ikxj t Hw”QK Kg© nj, KvswLZ d‡j DcbxZ nIqvi Rb¨ GKwU gva¨g| Avi Zvi Hw”QK

g~j¨gvb we‡ewPZ D‡Ï‡kï Kvg¨Zvi gh©v`v Ges AvwZ¥K DrK‡l©i †¶‡Î cÖfv‡ei gvÎvi AbyMvgx| Abyiƒc hw` †Kvb Kg© AvwZ¥K DrKl©nxbZvi KviY nq, Z‡e H K‡gi© g~j¨gvb n‡e †bwZevPK|

AZGe, eyw×e„wË †KejgvÎ ZLbB Hw”QK Kg© m¤c‡K© wePvi I Zvi g~j¨gvb wbav©iY Ki‡Z cvi‡e hLb gvby‡li DrKl© I Gi wewfbœ —i m¤c‡K© AeMZ _vK‡e| A©_vr hLb Rvb‡e †h, gvbyl Kxiƒc Aw —Z¡? Zvi Rxeb-cwiwai we —„wZ KZUzKz ? †m DrK‡l©i †Kvb —‡i †cuŠQ‡Z m¶g? Rvb‡e †h, gvby‡li Aw —‡Z¡i m¡iƒc Kx Ges Zvi m„wói wcQ‡b Kx D‡Ïk¨ we`¨gvb ?

AZGe, mwVK gZv`‡k©i (A_v©r H g~j¨gvb eëm’v hv Hw”QK Kg©mg~‡ni g~j¨gvb wba©viY K‡i _v‡K) AbymiY mwVK wek¦ „wó I Zvi wewfbœ wel‡qi mgvav‡bi Dci wbf©i K‡i| Avi hZ¶Y ch©š— G welq¸‡jv (A_©vr mwVK wek¦`„wói welqmg~n) mgvavb bv Ki‡Z cvi‡e, ZZ¶Y ch©š— gvby‡li AvPviÑAvPi‡Yi g~j¨gvb wba©vi‡Yi †¶‡Î P~ovš— wm×v‡š— ‡cuŠQ‡Z cvi‡e bv | †hgb t Mš—e¨ ÁvZ bv nIqv ch©š— Zvi R‡b¨ †Kvb c_ wba©viY KivI Am¤¢e |

AZGe, ZvwË¡K cwiwPwZmg~n †h¸‡jv wek¦`„wói †gŠwjK welqmg~n‡K iƒcvwqZ K‡i _v‡K, cÖK…Zc‡¶ †m¸‡jv, g~j¨gvb eë ’v I eyw×e„wË cÖm~Z wewa-weav‡bi wfwËiƒ‡c cwiMwYZ | Dcmsnvi t

GLb Avgiv Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbvi Av‡jv‡K ¡x‡bi AbymÜv‡bi Ges mwVK wek¦ „wó I gZv`k©‡K Lyu‡R †ei Kivi R‡b¨, cÖ‡Póvi ¸i“Z¡‡K wbgœiƒ‡c cÖwZôv Ki‡Z cvwi t

gvbyl wdZ&ivZMZfv‡eB m¦xq DrKl© wcqvm~ Ges wbR K‡g©i gva¨‡g cÖK…Z DrK‡l© †cuŠQ‡Z B”QyK| wKš— †h Kg© ‡jv Zv‡K Kvw•LZ D‡Ï‡kï wbKUeZx© Ki‡e, †m¸‡jv m¤c‡K© Rvbvi R‡b¨ me©cÖ_‡g Zv‡K Avcb P~ovš— DrKl©‡K wPb‡Z n‡e| Avi G P~ovš— DrK‡l©i cwiwPwZ, Avcb Aw —‡Z¡i m¦iƒc Ges Zvi ïi“ I †kl m¤c‡K© Rvbvi Dci wbf©i K‡i| Abyiƒc, wewfbœ K‡g©i g‡a¨ BwZevPK I †bwZevPK m¤cK© I DrK‡l©i wewfbœ —i‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z m¦xq gvbexq DrKl© mva‡bi R‡b¨ mwVK c_‡K †e‡Q wb‡Z cv‡i| Avi hZ¶Y ch©š— ‡m G ZvwË¡K cwiwPwZ (wek¦ „wói g~jbxwZ) m¤c©‡K AewnZ bv n‡e ZZ¶Y ch©š— mwVK AvPvi I ixwZ eëm’v‡K (gZv`k©) MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|

AZGe, mZäg©‡K kbv³ Kivi cÖ‡Póv AwZ ¸i“Z¡c~Y©, hv mwVK wek¦ „wó I gZv ©k‡KI mgb¦q K‡i _v‡K Ges GwU e¨wZ‡i‡K gvbexq DrK‡l© †cuŠQv Amg¢e| Abyiƒc †h mKj AvPvi-eënvi Dc‡ivwj−wLZ g~j¨‡eva I j‡¶ï wfwË‡Z m¤úbœ bv nq, †m mKj AvPvi-eënvi gvbexq e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡Z cv‡i bv| hviv mZ¨ ag©‡K kbv³Ki‡Yi e¨vcv‡i D‡`¨vMx n‡Z ‡Póv K‡ib bv A_ev kbv³Ki‡Yi ciI Av‡µvk I Aeva¨ZvekZt Am¦xKvi Kivi †Póv K‡ib Ges ïaygvÎ cvkweK Pvwn`v I ¶Y ’vqx e ‘MZ AvKl©‡YB Zzó _v‡Kb, cÖK…Zc‡¶ Zviv cï ê wKQyB bb| †hgb cweÎ †KvivÕb G‡ì m¤c‡K© e‡j t

�� ÑÒPZz®ú` cÖvYxi gZ ‡fvM I f¶Y K‡i (myiv gynv¤§` (mt) - 12)| Ó

‡h‡nZz G ai‡bi e¨vw³iv Avcb gvbexq †hvM¨Zvmg~‡ni webvk NwU‡q _v‡K , †m‡nZz Zviv h‡_vchy³ KwVb kvwm—i m¤gyLxb n‡e | cweÎ †Kviv‡bi fvlvq t

� �� ÑÒZv‡ì ‡fvM I f¶Y Ki‡Z `vI Ges cvw_©e hZ m¦va-AvKv•Lv c~iY Ki‡Z `vI,

AwP‡iB Zviv (Gi cwiYvg ) †`L‡Z cv‡e (myiv wnRi-3 )|Ó

wek¦ „wó ‡gŠwjK mgm¨vmg~‡ni mgvavb

f~wgKv t hLbB gvbyl wek¦ „wói ‡gŠwjK mgm¨v¸‡jvi mgvavb Ges mZ¨ a‡g©i g~jbxwZi cwiwPwZ

m¤c‡K© Rvb‡Z PvB‡e, cÖ_‡gB G cÖ‡kœi m¤gyLxb n‡e ‡h, †Kvb& c‡_ G welq¸‡jvi mgvavb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges wKiƒ‡c mwVK ‡gŠwjK cwiwPwZ m¤c‡K© Rvbv †h‡Z cv‡i? g~jZt cwiwPwZi R‡b¨ Kx Kx Dcvq we`¨gvb? G‡ì †KvbwU‡K cwiwPwZmg~n m¤c‡K© AeMZ nIqvi R‡b¨ wbe©vPb Ki‡Z n‡e ?

G welqwUi ‡KŠkjMZ I cy•Lvbycy•L Av‡jvPbv I ch©v‡jvPbvi `vwqZ¡ `k©‡bi cwiwPwZ weÁvb (Epistemology) wefv‡Mi| `k©‡bi H wefv‡M gvby‡li wewfbœ cwiwPwZ m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbv KiZt G‡ì g~j¨gvb wba©viY Kiv n‡q _v‡K| G‡ì me¸‡jv m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z ‡M‡j Avgiv Avgv‡ì j¶¨ ‡_‡K ~‡i m‡i hve| myZivs Avgv‡ì Av‡jvPbv -mswk−ó ‡h welq¸‡jv cÖ‡qvRbxq, ïaygvÎ ‡m¸‡jvi D‡j−L K‡iB ¶vš— ne| Z‡e H welq¸‡jv m¤‡K© we —vwiZ Av‡jvPbv I ch©‡jvPbv h_v ’v‡b Kiv n‡e| 1 cwiwPwZi cÖKvi‡f` t

cwiwPwZmg~n‡K GK „wó‡KvY ‡_‡K Pvi fv‡M wef³ Kiv hvq t 1| AwfÁZvjä I êÁvwbK cwiwPwZ (we‡kl cvwifvwlK A‡_©)t Gai‡bi cwiwPwZ

Bw› ªqvbyf~wZi mvnv‡h¨ jvf Kiv hvq| Z‡e eyw×e„wËI Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ ‡evamg~‡ni weg~Z©b (Abstraction) Ges m¤cÖmvi‡Yi (Generalization) ‡¶‡Î ¦xq f~wgKv cvjb K‡i _v‡K|2 AwfÁZvjä I êÁvwbK cwiwPwZ ‰eÁvwbK welqmg~‡n ‡hgb t c`v_© weÁvb, imvqY weÁvb Ges Rxe weÁv‡b eënƒZ n‡q _v‡K|

2| eyw×e„wËK cwiwPwZ t Gai‡bi cwiwPwZ wbe© ‘K aviYvi (gvÕKzjvZz”Qvwbqv) gva¨‡g iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i Ges G cwiwPwZ‡Z eyw×e„wË g~j f~wgKv cvjb K‡i _v‡K| Z‡e Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ I cix¶vjä †Kvb †Kvb welq, aviYv jv‡fi Drm A_ev hyw³c×wZi †Kvb †Kvb cÖwZÁviƒ‡c eënƒZ n‡Z cv‡i| hyw³we`¨v, `k©bkv ¿ I MwYZkv¯¿, G cwiwPwZi Aš—fy©³ |

3| ag©wek¦vmMZ cwiwPwZ t Gai‡bi cwiwPwZ w ¦ —i wewkó| wek¦ — Dr‡mi c~e© cwiwPwZi wfwË‡Z Ges wek¦ — eY©bvKvixi eY©bv ‡_‡K Gai‡bi cwiwPwZ AwR©Z n‡q _v‡K| ‡h mKj welqmg~n mKj a‡g©i AbymvixMY ag©xq ‡bZvM‡Yi e³‡eï wfwË‡Z MÖnY K‡i _v‡Kb, ‡m mKj

1| ‡j‡L‡Ki Aci GKwU eB `k©b wk¶v‡Z (AvÕgy‡R‡k dvjmv‡d) cwiwPwZ (‡kbvÕLZ ) wbe‡Ü G welq¸‡jv Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q |

2| cÖ_‡g weg~Z©b AZtci m¤cÖmviY| A_©vr eyw×e„wË cÖ_‡g †Kvb ¸Y‡K wbw ©ó K‡i, AZtci G‡K mve©RbxbZv w`‡q _v‡K |

welqmg~n G cwiwPwZi Aš—fy©³| KL‡bv KL‡bv Gai‡bi welqe¯—i wek¦¯—Zv, Bw›`ªq I cix¶vjä welq e — A‡c¶v AwaKZi|

4| cÖZ¨¶ Abyf~wZwfwËK cwiwPwZ t Gai‡bi cwiwPwZ c~e©eZx© mKj cwiwPwZi e¨wZµg Ges ‡Kvb cÖKvi gw —®‹ cÖm~Z Abyaveb I AvK…wZi gva¨g e¨ZxZ AweKj ‡Áq mËvi mv‡_I m¤Ü ’vcb K‡i _v‡K| Gai‡bi cwiwPwZ‡Z ‡Kvb cÖKvi fyj-Î“wUi ’vb ‡bB| Z‡e cÖZ¨¶ Abyf~wZwfwËK I Ava¨vwZ¥KZv wfwËK cwiwPwZ e‡j hv mvaviYZt ewY©Z n‡q _v‡K, cÖK…Zc‡¶ Zv nj Gai‡bi cwiwPwZi gw —‡®‹ AswKZ e¨vL¨viƒc hv fyj-Î“wU ewR©Z bq| wek¦ „wói cÖKvi‡f` t

BwZc~‡e© cwiwPwZi ‡h ‡kªYx wefvM Kiv n‡q‡Q, Zvi wfwË‡Z wek¦ „wó‡K wbgœiƒ‡c wef³ Kiv ‡h‡Z cv‡i t

1| êÁvwbK wek¦ „wó t A_©vr gvbyl AwfÁZvjä Áv‡bi wfwË‡Z mvgwMÖKfv‡e Aw —Z¡ m¤c‡K© AeMZ nq|

2| `vk©wbK wek¦ „wó t hv hyw³ I eyw×e„wËK cÖ‡Póvi gva¨‡g AwR©Z n‡q _v‡K| 3| agx©q wek¦ „wó t hv agx©q ‡bZvM‡Yi cÖwZ wek¦vm ’vcb I Zv‡ì e³e¨‡K MÖn‡Yi

gva¨‡g AwR©Z n‡q _v‡K| 4| Gidvbx ev Ava¨vwZ¥K wek¦ „wó t hv D™¢veb, Aš—Á©vb I GkivK¦xq c‡_ AwR©Z n‡q

_v‡K| GLb, †`L‡Z n‡e †h, wek¦ „wói †gŠwjK welq¸‡jv‡K wK mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© D‡j−wLZ Pvi

Dcv‡q mgvavb Kiv m¤¢e? AZtci †`L‡Z n‡e, G‡ì ‡Kvb GKwUi we‡klZ¡ I AMÖvwaKv‡ii cÖkœ we‡ePbvi cvjv Av‡m wKbv ? mgv‡jvPbv I Î“wUwb‡`k© t

Bw› ªq I AwfÁZvjä cwiwPwZ e ‘MZ I cÖvK…wZK welqe ‘i mxgvbvq Kvh©Ki| d‡j ¯cóZtB cÖZxqgvb nq ‡h, ïaygvÎ AwfÁZvi gva¨‡g AwR©Z welqe ‘i Av‡jv‡K wek¦ „wói g~jbxwZmg~n I Zrmsµvb— welqvwì kbv³KiY mg¢e bq| KviY, Gai‡bi welq¸‡jv AwfÁZvjä Áv‡bi mxgvewnf~©Z Ges ‡Kvb AwfÁZvjä ÁvbB G welq¸‡jvi m¤c‡K© BwZevPK ev †bwZevPK gš—e¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| ‡hgb t †Lv`vi Aw —Z¡‡K cix¶vMv‡i cix¶vi gva¨‡g cÖwZôv ev eR©b (Avj−vn Avgv‡ì‡K G †_‡K i¶v Ki“b) Kiv Am¤¢e| KviY Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ AwfÁZvi n — GZ ¶y « ‡h, AwZcÖK…wZi AvuPj‡K ¯ck© Ki‡Z AcviM Ges Avcb e ‘MZ wel‡qi mxgvewnf~©Z ‡Kvb wKQy‡K cÖwZôv ev eR©b Ki‡Z A¶g|

AZGe, ÔawfÁZvjä I êÁvwbK wek¦ „wóÕ (cvwifvwlK A‡_© wek¦ „wó, hv BwZc~‡e© D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q) gixwPKv ê wKQyB bq| myZivs cÖK…Z A‡_© G‡K Ôwek¦ „wóÕ bvgKiY Kiv hvq bv| Z‡e m‡ev©cwi G‡K Ôem‘RMZ cwiwPwZ Õejv ‡h‡Z cv‡i| GQvov Gai‡bi cwiwPwZ wek¦ „wói †gŠwjK cÖkœmg~‡ni Reve`v‡bI A¶g|

wKb‘ ‡h mKj cwiwPwZ ag©wek¦v‡mi gva¨‡g AwR©Z nq (†hgbwU BwZc~‡e© D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q) ‡m¸‡jv wØ- —i wewkó Ges c~‡e©B H¸‡jvi Drm ev Drmmgy‡ni Dci Av ’v ¯’vcb Ki‡Z nq| A_©vr cÖ_‡g Kv‡iv beyIqvZ cÖvwß m¤c‡K© wbwðZ n‡Z n‡e; AZtci Zvi

evYx ‰ea e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡e| Z‡e me©v‡MÖ evYx †cÖiK A_©vr gnvb Avj−vni Aw —Z¡‡K cÖgvY Ki‡Z n‡e | Avi GUv my có ‡h, evYx †cÖi‡Ki g~j Aw —Z¡ Ges Z`byiƒc evYx evn‡Ki beyIqvZ‡K evbx wbf©i `wj‡ji gva¨‡g cÖgvY Kiv hvq bv| †hgb t ejv hv‡e bv †h, †h‡nZz †KvivÕb e‡j Ô†Lv`v Av‡QbÕ †m‡nZz Zvui Aw —Z¡ cÖgvwYZ nj| Z‡e †Lv`vi Aw —Z¡ cÖgvwYZ nIqvi ci Ges Bmjv‡gi bexi kbv³KiY I †KvivÕ‡bi mZ¨Zv cÖgvwYZ nIqvi ci, Ab¨vb¨ †MŠY wek¦vmmg~~n‡K cÖwZôv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Abyiƒcfv‡e Kvh©Kix wewa-wb‡la mg~nI wek¦m— msev``vZv I wek¦ —m~‡Îi gva¨‡g M„nxZ n‡Z cv‡i| wKš— †gŠwjK wek¦vmg~n‡K Zrc~‡e© Ab¨ †Kvb Dcv‡q mgvavb Ki‡Z n‡e|

AZGe, ag©wek¦vmMZ cwiwPwZI wek¦ „wói †gŠwjK welqmg~‡ni mgvav‡b A¶g| Z‡e Gidvbx I GkivK¦x ( �� ) c×wZi e¨vcv‡i A‡bK e³e¨ i‡q‡Q t

cÖ_gZt wek¦`„wó nj GK cÖKvi cwiwPwZ, hv gw —®‹cÖm~Z (ذه�� ) fvev_©mg~n †_‡K iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i| wKb‘ Ab—©Áv‡bi ¶‡Î gw —®‹cÖm~Z †eva ¦‡qi †Kvb m’vb †bB| AZGe Gai‡bi fvev_©mg~n‡K Ab—Á©v‡bi eivZ †`qv D`vmxbZv I Gi bvgvš—i ê wKQyB bq|

w ¦ZxqZt Ab—©Áv‡bi e¨vL¨v Ges fvlv I fvev‡_©i K‡je‡i Zv‡ì eY©bv we‡kl gvbm-`¶Zvi Dci wbf©ikxj, hv my xN© mg‡qi eyw×e„wËK cÖ‡Póv Ges `vk©wbK we‡k−lY e¨wZ‡i‡K Amg¢e| hviv Gai‡bi AwfÁZvi AwaKvix bb cÖK…Zc‡¶ Zviv m „k kã I fvev_©‡K eënvi K‡i _v‡Kb hv wePz wZ I wec_MvwgZvi GK e„nËi KviY|

Z…ZxqZt cÖK…Zc‡¶ hv Ab—Á©v‡bi gva¨‡g D`¢vweZ nq, Zv gw —‡®‹ AswKZ Zvi KwíZ wPÎ I eY©bv Ges AwaKvsk †¶‡ÎB Zv GgbwK m¦qs Ab—Á©v‡bi AwaKvix e¨w³i R‡bÏ Î“wUhy³ n‡q _v‡K|

PZy_©Zt H mKj ev —eZv, hv‡ì gw —®‹cÖm~Z e¨vL¨v wek¦ „wó e‡j cwiwPZ; Zv‡Z DcbxZ nIqvi R‡b¨ el©ci¤civq Gidvbx mvabvi cÖ‡qvRb| Avi Mfxi mvabvjä G cÖwµqvi (hv evm—e cwiwPwZmg~‡ni Ab—f©~³) Aby‡gv`b, ZvwË¦K wfwË I wek¦`„wói †gŠwjK welqmg~‡ni Dci wbf©ikxj| AZGe, mvabvi cÖvi‡g¢B G welq¸‡jvi mgvavb Awbevh©| Avi G cÖwµqvi †kl ch©v‡q Ab—Á©vbMZ cwiwPwZ AwR©Z n‡q _v‡K| g~jZt cÖK…Z Gidvb Zvi R‡b¨B cÖ‡hvR¨, whwb gnvb m„wóKZ©vi `vm‡Z¦i c‡_ webxZfv‡e cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q ‡h‡Z cv‡ib| Avi Gai‡bi cÖ‡Póv cÖfyi cwiwPwZ, Zvui `vmZ¦ I AvbyM‡Zï Dci wbf©ikxj | wm×vš— t

Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv G wm×v‡š— †cŠuQ‡Z cvwi †h, wek¦ „wói †gŠwjK welqmg~‡ni mgvavb hviv Lyu‡R _v‡Kb Zv‡ì R‡b¨ GKgvÎ Db¥y³ c_ nj eyw×e„wË I eyw×e„wËK Dcjwäi c_| d‡j Gi Av‡jv‡K ej‡Z nq, `vk©wbK wek¦ „wóB nj cÖK…Z wek¦ „wó|

Z‡e g‡b ivLv DwPr †h, D‡j−wLZ welqmg~‡ni mgvavb‡K eyw×e„wËK c‡_ mxgve×KiY I `vk©wbK wek¦ „wó‡KB GKgvÎ wek¦ „wóiƒ‡c cwiMY‡bi A_© G bq †h, mwVK wek¦ „wófw½ jv‡fi R‡b¨ mKj `vk©wbK wel‡qiB mgvavb Ki‡Z n‡e| eis K‡qKwU mij `vk©wbK welq †h¸‡jv cÖvq m¦Ztwm× †m¸‡jvi mgvavbB †Lv`vi Awm—Z¦ (hv wek¦ „wói †gŠwjKZg welq e‡j cwiMwYZ) cÖgv‡Yi R‡b¨ h‡_ó| Z‡e G ai‡bi welqmg~‡ni Dci cvi`wk©Zv Ges mKj cÖKvi mgm¨v I w ¦avi DËi`v‡bi ¶gZv AR©‡bi R‡b¨ AwaKZi `vk©wbK ch©v‡jvPbvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv i‡q‡Q|

Avevi †gŠwjK mgm¨vmg~n mgvav‡bi R‡b¨ A_©c~Y© cwiwPwZ‡K eyw×e„wËK cwiwPwZ‡Z mxgve×Ki‡Yi A_© G bq †h, Ab¨vb¨ ÁvZ welqmg~n, G welq¸‡jvi mgvav‡bi e¨vcv‡i eëüZ n‡e bv| eis AwaKvsk eyw×e„wËK hyw³i †¶‡Î cÖZ¨¶ Ávb ,Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ I AwfÁZvjä Ávb‡K cÖwZÁviƒ‡c cÖ‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hgbt w`Zxq ch©v‡qi welqmg~n I †MŠY wek^vmMZ welqmg~‡ni mgvav‡bi †¶‡Î ag©wekvmMZ cwiwPwZ‡K eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Ges G¸‡jv‡K wKZve I mybœ‡Zi (`¦x‡bi wek¦ — Drm) welqe ‘i wfwË‡Z cÖgvY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i |

cwi‡k‡l, mwVK wek`„wó I gZv`‡k© DcbxZ nIqvi ci Mfxi Ava¨vwZ¥K mvabvi ch©vqmg~n AwZµg KiZt DÑvUb I ch©‡e¶‡Yi (Aš—P©¶y) —‡i ‡cuŠQv hvq Ges eyw×e„wËK hyw³i gva¨‡g cÖgvwYZ Ggb AwaKvsk welq m¤ú‡K©, gw —®‹MZ fvev_©mg~‡ni mvnvh¨ e¨ZxZB AeMZ nIqv m¤¢e|

‡Lv`vcwiwPwZ f~wgKv t

BwZc~‡e© Avgiv †R‡bwQ †h, `x‡bi g~jbxwZ¸‡jv wek-m„wóKZ©vi Aw —‡Z¦ wek¦vm †_‡K iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i Ges Hk¦wiK wek¦ „wó I e ‘ev`x wek¦ „wói g‡a¨ g~j cv_©KÏ G wek¦v‡mi (m„wóKZ©vi Awm—Z¦) Dcw ’wZ I Abycw ’wZi Dci wbf©i K‡i|

AZGe, mZ¨vbymwÜrmy e¨w³i R‡b¨ me©cÖ_‡gB †h cÖkœwU Dc¯’vwcZ nq Ges me©v‡MÖB hvi mwVK DËi Rvb‡Z nq Zv nj, †Lv`vi Aw —Z¦ Av‡Q wKbv? Avi G cÖ‡kœi DËi cvIqvi R‡b¨ (hv c~e©eZx© cv‡V Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q) eyw×e„wË‡K cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z K‡i P~ovb— wm×v‡b— †cŠuQv hvq-PvB Zvi dj ‡nvK BwZevPK A_ev †bwZevPK|

hw` G AbymÜv‡bi dj BwZevPK nq, Z‡e †Lv`v msµvb— †MŠY welq¸‡jv‡K (GKZ¦, b¨vqwePvi Ges ‡Lv`vi Ab¨vb¨ êwkó¨) we‡ePbvi cvjv Av‡m| Abyiƒcfv‡e hw` AbymÜv‡bi dj †bwZevPK nq Z‡e em‘ev`x wek „wó cÖwZwôZ n‡e| Avi ZLb Øxb mswk−ó Ab¨vb¨ †MŠY welq¸‡jv‡K we‡ePbv Kivi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv _vK‡e bv| cÖZ¨¶ I c‡iv¶ cwiwPwZ t

gnvb Avj−vn m¤c‡K© yÕai‡bi cwiwPwZi aviYv cvIqv hvq t GKwU nj cÖZ¨¶ cwiwPwZ Ges AciwU nj c‡iv¶ cwiwPwZ |

†Lv`vi cÖZ¨¶ cwiwPwZ ej‡Z eySvq-gvbyl gw —®‹MZ fvev‡_©i mvnvh¨ e¨wZ‡i‡KB GK ai‡bi Ab—Á©vb I Avf¨b—ixY Abyf~wZi gva¨‡g †Lv`vi mv‡_ cwiwPZ nq |

GUv mZtwm× †h, hw` †Kn ‡Lv`v m¤c‡K© m‡PZb Ab—©Áv‡bi AwaKvix n‡q _v‡K (†hiƒc A‡bK D”Pch©v‡qi Av‡idMY `vex K‡i _v‡Kb Z‡e eyw×e„wËK †Kvb hyw³-cÖgv‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| wKb‘ (†hgbwU BwZc~‡e© D‡j−wLZ n‡q‡Q ) Gai‡bi cÖZ¨¶Ávb I Aš—Á©vb mvaviY †Kvb e¨w³i 1 R‡b¨ †KejgvÎ ZLbB mg¢e, hLb †m AvZ¥MVb I Ava¨vwZ¦K mvabvi ch©vq¸‡jv AwZµg Ki‡e| Z‡e Gi ye©j ch©vq mvaviY gvby‡li g‡a¨ Dcwm’Z _vK‡jI †h‡nZz m‡PZb

1| Z‡e e¨wZµg †Kvb e¨w³ whwb m‡PZb Ab—Á©v‡bi AwaKvix, Zv‡K AmxKvi Kiv hvq bv | †hgb t cweÎ bexMY (Avt) I BgvgM‡bi (Avt)

m¤c‡K© Avgv‡ì wekvm †h, ˆkk‡eI G ai‡bi Ab—Á©v‡bi AwaKvix wQ‡jb| GgbwK Zuv‡ì †KD †KD gvZ…M‡f©I G ai‡bi cwiwPwZi AwaKvix wQ‡jb|

Ae ’vq †bB, †m‡nZz Zv m‡PZb wek¦ „wó m¤c‡K© aviYv jv‡fi R‡b¨ h‡_ó bq| c‡iv¶c wiwPwZ ej‡Z eySvq †h, gvbyl mvgwMÖK fvev‡_©i (m„wóKZ©v, AgyLv‡c¶x,

me©kw³gvb, me©Áv) gva¨‡g gnvb Avj−vn m¤c‡K© gw —®‹MZ cwiwPwZ I Gai‡bi ÔA „k¨MZÕ A_© Abyaveb K‡i _v‡K| Avi Gfv‡e †m wek¦vm K‡i †h, Gai‡Yi Awm—Z¦ we`¨gvb (whwb G RMr‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb )| AZtci, Ab¨vb¨ c‡iv¶ cwiwPwZ Gi mv‡_ mswk−ó n‡q wek¦ „wói mv‡_ msMwZc~Y© GK‡kªYxi wek¦vm cÖewZ©Z n‡q _v‡K|

hv mivmwi eyw×e„wËK ch©‡e¶Y I `vk©wbK hyw³-cÖvgv‡Yi gva¨‡g AwR©Z nq Zv-B nj c‡iv¶ cwiwPwZ| wKb‘ hLb Gai‡Yi cwiwPwZ AwR©Z nq †KejgvÎ ZLbB gvby‡li R‡b¨ mveMwZK cÖZ¨¶ cwiwPwZ AwR©Z n‡q _v‡K| wdZivZMZ cwiwPwZ t

agx©q †bZvMY, Av‡idMY Ges gbxlxM‡Yi AwaKvsk e³‡e¨B Avgiv Lyu‡R cvB †h, †Lv`v cwiwPwZ wdZ&ivZMZ, A_©vr gvbyl wdZ&ivZMZfv‡eB †Lv`v‡K wP‡b _v‡K| myZivs Dc‡iv³ weeiYmg~‡ni mwVK A_© Lyu‡R cvIqvi wbwg‡Ë ÔwdZ&ivZÕ kãwUi e¨vL¨v †`qv cÖ‡qvRb g‡b Kwi| wdZ&ivZ, GKwU Aviex kã hvi A_© nj Ôm„wó cÖKiYÕ Ges †Kvb welq wdZ&ivZ mswk−ó (wdZiv‡Zi mv‡_ m¤Ühy³) e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡e ZLbB , hLb we`¨gvb m„wó G‡ì‡K aviY Ki‡e| myZivs G‡ì R‡b¨ wZbwU we‡klZ¦ we‡ePbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i t

1| cÖ‡Z¨K †kªYxi wdZivMZ we‡klZ¡ H †kªYxi mKj m`‡mï g‡a¨ cvIqv hvq, hwÌ ZxeªZv I ¶xYZvi `„wó‡KvY †_‡K G‡ì gvÎv‡f` cwijw¶Z nq |

2| wdZivZMZ welqmg~n Zv‡ì BwZnvm cwiµgvq me© v w ’i Ges Ggb bq †h, BwZnv‡mi GKvs‡k m„wói wdZivZ GK we‡klZ¦ wewkó, Avi Ab¨ As‡k Aci GK we‡klZ¦ wewkó|1

3| wdZivZMZ welqmg~n †h „wó‡Kv‡Y wdZ&ivZmg¦Üxq Ges m„wócÖK…wZ KZ…©K aviYK…Z †m „wó‡Kv‡Y wk¶Y I cÖwk¶‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †bB, hwÌ G‡ì „pxKiY I w`Kwb‡ ©kbvi †¶‡Î cÖwk¶‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv i‡q‡Q|

gvby‡li wdZ&ivZMZ we‡klZ¡‡K yÕ‡kªYx‡Z wef³ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i t K) wdZ&ivZMZ cwiwPwZ, hvi mv‡_ cÖ‡Z¨K gvbylB †Kvb cÖKvi wk¶vÑ`x¶v e¨wZ‡i‡KB

cwiwPZ n‡q _v‡K| L) wdZ&ivZMZ cÖeYZv I Pvwn`v hv m„wói cÖ‡Z¨K m`‡mï g‡a¨B we`¨gvb| AZGe, hw` Ggb GK ai‡bi †Lv`v cwiwPwZ cª‡Z¨‡Ki g‡a¨B †_‡K _v‡K †h, cÖwk¶Y

I AvqËKi‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb †bB Z‡e, Zv‡K ÒwdZ&ivZMZ †Lv`v cwiwPwZÓ bvgKiY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Avi hw`, †Lv`vi cÖwZ Ges †Lv`vi Dcvmbvi cÖwZ GK ai‡bi cÖeYZv cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li g‡a¨ _v‡K, Z‡e Zv‡K Ô†Lv`vi wdZ&ivZMZ DcvmbvÕ ejv ‡h‡Z cv‡i|

w`Zxq cv‡V Avgiv D‡j−L K‡iwQ †h, AwaKvsk cwÛZMY Øxb Ges †Lv`vi cÖwZ gvby‡li cÖeYZv‡K gvby‡li gvbwmK êwkó¨ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb Ges G‡K Ôagv©byf~wZÕ ev Ôag©vbyivMÕ bvgKiY K‡i‡Qb| GLb Avgiv ms‡hvRb Kie †h, †Lv`v cwiwPwZI gvby‡li wdZivZMZ Pvwn`viƒ‡c ÁvZ n‡q‡Q| wKb‘ Ò†Lv`vi wdZ&ivZMZ DcvmbvÕÕ †hgb m‡PZb cÖeYZv 1| ( myivt i“g - 30) �� !

bq †Zgwb ÒwdZivZMZ †Lv`v cwiwPwZIÓ m‡PZb cwiwPwZ bq †h, †Kvb mvaviY e¨w³‡K †Lv`vi kbv³Ki‡Yi R‡b¨ eyw×e„wËK cÖ‡Póv †_‡K Awbf©ikxj Ki‡e|

Z‡e G K_v fy‡j †M‡j Pj‡e bv †h, †h‡nZz cÖ‡Z¨‡KB Ab—Zt GK ¶xY gvÎvq wdZ&ivZMZ cÖZ¨¶ cwiwPwZi AwaKvix †m‡nZz mvgvb¨ GKUz wPb—v I hyw³i AeZviYv‡ZB †Lv`vi Awm—Z¦‡K m¦xKvi K‡i _v‡K Ges ch©vqµ‡g Ae‡PZb —‡ii Aš—Á©vb wfwËK cwiwPwZ‡K my`„p K‡i m‡PZb m—‡i †cuŠQv‡Z cv‡i |

Dcmsnv‡i ejv hvq t †Lv`v cwiwPwZ wdZ&ivZMZ nIqvi A_© nj GB †h, gvby‡li Ab—i †Lv`vi mv‡_ cwiwPZ Ges Zvi AvÍvi Mfx‡i †Lv`vi mÁvZ cwiwPwZi R‡b¨ GK we‡kl Drm we`¨gvb, hv A¼ywiZ I weKwkZ n‡Z m¶g| wKš‘ G wdZ&ivZMZ Drm mvaviY e¨vw³e‡M©i g‡a¨ Ggb Aem’vq †bB ‡h, Zv‡ì‡K wPb—v I eyw×e„wËK hyw³ †_‡K Awbf©ikxj Ki‡e|

†Lv`v cwiwPwZi mij Dcvq ‡Lv`v‡K wPbvi Dcvqmg~n t

gnvb cÖfy‡K wPbvi R‡b¨ GKvwaK Dcvq we`¨gvb| `k©‡bi wewfbœ eB‡q, Kvjvgkv‡ ¿, agx©q †bZ…e„‡šì wewfbœ fv‡l¨ Ges Hkx wKZvemg~‡nI G¸‡jv (Dcvq) m¤c‡K© Bw½Z Kiv n‡q‡Q| G hyw³-cÖgvYmg~n wewfbœ „wó‡KvY †_‡K cvi¯cwiKfv‡e êmv „k¨c~Y©| ‡hgb t †Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ I AwfÁZvjä welqmg~n cÖwZÁv wnmv‡e eënƒZ n‡q‡Q; †hLv‡b Ab¨ †Kvb †¶‡Î LvuwU eyw×e„wËK welqmg~n eëüZ n‡q‡Q| Avevi †KD †KD mivmwi cÖÁvevb cÖfyi Awm—Z¦ cÖgv‡Yi †Póv K‡ib; †hLv‡b Ab¨vbïv ïaygvÎ Ggb GK Awm—Z¦gq‡K cÖwZôv Kivi †Póv K‡ib hvi Aw —Z¦ Aci †Kvb Aw —Z¦g‡qi Dci wbf©ikxj bq (A_©vr Aek¨m¢vex Awm—Z¦) Ges Zvi êwkó¨mg~n‡K wPwýZ Kivi R‡b¨ Aci GK ‡kªYxi hyw³i AeZviYv K‡i _v‡Kb|

GK „wó‡KvY †_‡K †Lv`v cwiwPwZi hyw³-cÖgvYmg~n‡K †Kvb GK b`x cvivcv‡ii R‡b¨ we`¨gvb wewfbœ c‡_i mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| G¸‡jvi †Kvb †KvbwU Kv‡Vi ˆZix mvaviY cyj hv b`xi Dci w`‡q P‡j wM‡q‡Q Ges jNy fviwewkó †Kvb e¨w³ Lye mn‡RB G‡K AwZµg K‡i Mb—‡e¨ ‡cŠuQ‡Z cvi‡e| Avevi †Kvb †KvbwU nj cÖ¯—i wbwg©Z my`„p Ges my`xN© cy‡ji gZ hvi AwZµvb— c‡_i ˆ`N© A‡c¶vK…Z †ekx| †Kvb †KvbwU Avevi AvuKvevuKv, DuPzÑbxPz Ges my xN© Uv‡bj wewkó †ijc‡_i gZ, hv ¸i“fv‡ii †Uª‡bi R‡b¨ ˆZix Kiv n‡q‡Q|

†h mKj e¨w³ gy³ gw —‡®‹i ( !�"# ��!� ) AwaKvix, Zviv AZ¨b— mnR Dcv‡qB Avcb cÖfy‡K wP‡b Zuvi (cÖfyi) Dcvmbvq wb‡qvwRZ n‡Z cv‡i| wKb‘ hw` †KD m‡›`‡ni ¸i“fvi ¯‹‡Ü aviY K‡i, Z‡e Zv‡K cÖ —i wbwg©Z cyj AwZµg Ki‡Z n‡e| Avevi hw` †KD m‡›`n I w ¦av-¦‡›Øi †evSv enb K‡i P‡j, Z‡e Zv‡K Ggb †Kvb c_ wbe©vPb Ki‡Z n‡e hv kZ DuPz-bxPz I

AvuKv-euvKv m‡Z¡I gReyZ I „p wfwËi Dci wbwg©Z| Avgiv GLv‡b me©cÖ_‡g †Lv`v-cwiwPwZi mij c‡_i cÖwZ Bw½Z Kie| AZtci †Kvb

GKwU gva¨g m¤c‡K© eY©bv Kie| wKb‘ `k©‡bi †gŠwjK wfwËi Dci cÖwZwôZ AvuKv-evuKv c_wU ïaygvÎ Zv‡ì‡KB AwZµg Ki‡Z n‡e, hv‡ì gw —®‹ AmsL¨ m‡›`‡ni ¦viv mw›`» n‡q Av‡Q| A_ev Zv‡ì gw —®‹‡K m‡›`n gy³Ki‡Yi gva¨‡g cðv×veb I c_åóZvi nvZ †_‡K gyw³ ‡`qvi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e |

mij Dcv‡qi êwkó¨mg~n t †Lv`v-cwiwPwZi mijc‡_i GKvwaK we‡klZ¦ I êwkó¨ i‡q‡Q ‡h¸wji g‡a¨

wbgœwjwLZ¸‡jv ¸i“Z¦c~Y© t 1| G c_ †Kvb cÖKvi RwUj I †KŠkjMZ cªwZÁvi ($%& ) Dci wbf©ikxj bq

Ges mijZg e³e¨mg~nB G †¶‡Î D‡j−L Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i | d‡j, †h †Kvb —‡ii e¨w³e‡M©i c‡¶B Abyaveb‡hvM¨|

2| G c_ cÖZ¨¶fv‡e cÖÁvevb I civµgkvjx m„wóKZ©v Avj−−vni w`‡K cwiPvwjZ K‡i _v‡K, hv A‡bK `vk©wbK I Kvjvgkv ¿MZ hyw³-c‡_i e¨wZµg| H mKj Kvjvgkv ¿ I `vk©wbK hyw³‡Z me©cÖ_‡gB ÔAwbevh© Aw —Z¦Õ bv‡g GK Aw —Z¦gq welq‡K cÖwZwôZ Kiv nq Ges Zvici Zvi Ávb, kw³, cÖÁv, m„Rb¶gZv, cÖwZcvjKZ¦ Ges Ab¨vb¨ êwkó¨mg~n‡K Aci †Kvb hyw³i gva¨‡g cÖgvY Kiv Avek¨K|

3| G c_, Ab¨ mKj wKQyi †P‡q wdZivZ‡K RvMÖZ Kiv I wdZivZMZ Áv‡bi AewnZKi‡Yi e¨vcv‡i f~wgKv iv‡L| G (wdZ&ivZMZ Áv‡bi AewnZKiY) welq¸‡jvi Dci wPb—vi d‡j Ggb GK Bidvbx Ae ’v gvby‡li w`‡K n — cÖmvwiZ K‡i †hb †Lv`vi n —‡K wewfbœ RvMwZK wel‡qi e¨vL¨v-we‡k−l‡Y Ae‡jvKb K‡i _v‡K -†mB n — hvi mv‡_ Zvi wdZivZ cwiwPZ|

Dc‡iv³ êwkó¨mg~‡ni Kvi‡Y agx©q †bZ…e„›` Ges Hkx ag©mg~‡ni cÖe³vMY G c_‡K mvaviY Rbmgwói Rb¨ wbev©Pb K‡i‡Qb Ges mKj‡K G c_ AwZµg Kivi R‡b¨ Avnevb Rvwb‡q‡Qb; Avi Ab¨vb¨ c×wZmg~n‡K, nq we‡kl †Kvb †¶‡Îi Rb¨ GKvb—fv‡e eivÏ K‡i‡Qb, A_ev bvw —K¨ wPb—vwe` I e ‘ev`x `vk©wbK‡ì mv‡_ ZK©-weZ‡K©i mgq cÖ‡qvM K‡i‡Qb| cwiwPZ wbk©bmg~n t

‡Lv`v cwiwPwZi mij c_ nj, G we‡k we`¨gvb †Lv`vi wb`k©bmg~n m¤c‡K© wPb—v Kiv Ges †Kviv‡bi fvlvq ÒAvj−vni AvqvZmg~n m¤c‡K© wPb—vKiYÓ| wekeªþv‡Ûi mKj welqe ‘ Ges gvbe Aw —‡Z¦ Dcw ’Z welq ¸‡jv †hb cwiwPwZi Kvw•LZ wb`k©b Ges gvbe gvb‡mi m~PK, †m Aw¯—‡Z¦i †K›`ªwe›`yi w`‡K c_ wb‡`©k K‡i, †h Aw —Z¦ me©`v me©¯’‡j Dcw¯’Z|

cvVKgÛjx, †h eBwU GLb Avcbv‡ì n‡ — i‡q‡Q ZvI Zuvi (Avj−vni) wb`k©bmg~‡niB GKwU| hw` Zv-B bv n‡e Z‡e †Kb G eBwU covi mgq Gi m‡PZb I AwfcÖvqx †jLK m¤c‡K© aviYv jvf Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb? KL‡bv wK GUv m¤¢e e‡j g‡b K‡i‡Qb †h, G eBwU GK †kªYxi e ‘MZ, D‡Ïk¨nxb wµqv-cÖwZwµqvi d‡j Aw —‡Z¦ G†m‡Q Ges Gi †Kvb AwfcÖvqx †jLK †bB? GUv fvev wK †evKvgx bq †h, †Kvb GKwU avZe LwY‡Z we‡ùvi‡Yi d‡j avZe KwYKv¸‡jv eY©gvjvq iƒcvb—wiZ n‡q‡Q Ges NUbvµ‡g cÎc„‡ô mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡q wjL‡bi m„wó n‡q‡Q; AZtci Aci GKwU we‡ùvi‡Yi gva¨‡g myk„sLwjZ I euvavBK…Z n‡q GKkZ L‡Êi GKwU wek¦‡Kv‡li DrcwË n‡q‡Q ?

wKb‘ ÁvZ I AávZ inm¨gq I cvwÛZ¨c~Y© G gnvwe‡ki DrcwËi NUbv‡K wbQK yN©Ubv e‡j g‡b Kiv Dc‡ivwj−wLZ wek¦‡Kv‡li DrcwËi NUbvi ‡P‡q mnmªevi †evKvgxi kvwgj |

n¨vu, cÖwZwU cwiKwíZ web¨vm eëm’vB Zvi cwiKíbvKvixi wb`k©bmiƒc| Avi G ai‡bi web¨vm eëm’v c„w_exi me©Î cwijw¶Z nq Ges me© v Ggb GK mvgwMÖK k„•LjvB cÖKvk K‡i ‡h, GK cÖÁvevb m„wóKZ©v G‡K Awm—‡Z¦ G†b‡Qb Ges me©vem’vq wZwb Gi cwiPvjbvq wb‡qvwRZ|

dzj¸‡jv †h cy®úKvb‡b dz‡U‡Q, Avi gvwU K ©gvi gv‡S iO †eiO mv‡R I myMwÜ wb‡q AvZ¥cÖKvk Ki‡Q; ¶y « ¶y ª exR †_‡K dje„¶ †h A¼zwiZ n‡”Q Ges cÖwZeQi ARmª msL¨K myeY©, myMÜ I mym^v`y dj aviY Ki‡Q; Z`ªƒc bvbv eY©, bvbv we‡klZ¦ I bvbviƒ‡ci Ab¨vb¨ e„¶ivwR BZ¨vw` mKj wKQyB ZvuiB (†Lv`vi ) Awm—‡Z¦i cÖgvY enb K‡i _v‡K |

Abyiƒc, cy®úkvLvq eyjeywj †h Mvb †M‡q hv‡”Q; wWg †_‡K †ei n‡q gyiMxQvbv †h c„w_ex‡Z wePib Ki‡Q; beRvZK †Mverm †h gvZ…m—b †PvlY Ki‡Q; y» gvZ…m—‡b beRvZ‡Ki cv‡bi R‡b¨ †h mwÂZ n‡”Q BZ¨vw` me© v GK m„wóKZv©i Awm—‡Z¦iB cÖgvY enY K‡i _v‡K|

mwZ¨B, wK GK Avðh© †hvMm~Î I we¯§qKi AwfmwÜ i‡q‡Q hyMcr wkïRb¥ I gvZ…m—‡b y» mÂv‡ii g‡a¨|

grmmg~n †h cÖwZeQi wWg cvovi R‡b¨ kZ kZ wK‡jvwgUvi c_ cÖ_gev‡ii gZ AwZµg K‡i; mvgyw ªK cÖvYxmg~n †h AmsL¨ mvgyw ªK Dw™¢‡ì gv‡S Avcb bxo‡K wP‡b †bq, GgbwK GKev‡ii R‡bÏ fyjekZt Ac‡ii evmvq cÖ‡ek K‡i bv, †gŠgvwQ †h, cÖZ¨n cÖv‡Z †gŠPvK †_‡K †ei n‡q hvq Avi myMÜhy³ dy‡j-d‡j wePiY Kivi R‡b¨ `xN© c_ AwZµg Kivi ci †Mvayjx j‡Mœ †h cybivq mM„‡n cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡i BZ¨vw` ZuviB wb`k©b |

we¯§‡qi e¨cvi nj, †hgwb †gŠgvwQiv †Zgwb y»eZx Mvfx I QvMjiv cÖ‡Z¨‡KB me© v wb‡Ri cÖ‡qvR‡bi †P‡qI AwaK gay I y» Drcv`b K‡i _v‡K, hv‡Z K‡i gvbyl G mym¦v y Dcv‡`q †_‡K DcK…Z n‡Z cv‡i!

wKš‘ cwinvm, AK…ZÁ gvbyl wbR êf‡ei cwiwPZ gvwjK‡K AcwiwPZ e‡j g‡b K‡i Ges Zuvi m¤c‡K© ZK©weZ‡K© wjc— nq!

¦qs G gvbe‡`‡nI we¯§qKi I mywbc~b KxwZ©i cÖKvk cwijw¶Z nq| mswk−ó A‡½i gva¨‡g kixixq msMVb; mswk−ó Dcv‡½i gva¨‡g A½ msMVb; mswk−ó wgwjqb wgwjqb we‡kl Rxeš— †Kv‡li gva¨‡g Dcv½ msMVb; cÖ‡qvRbxq Dcv`vbmg~‡ni wbw ©ó cwigv‡Yi mgb¦‡q †Kvl msMVb; kix‡ii h_v ’v‡b A½-cÖZ¨½mg~‡ni ms ’vcb; A½-cÖZ¨½mg~‡ni Awf‡cÖZ Kg©ZrciZv| †hgb t dzmdz‡mi gva¨‡g Aw·‡Rb MÖnY I †jvwnZ i³KwYKvi gva¨‡g Zv †`‡ni wewfbœ †Kv‡l mÂvjb, hK…‡Zi gva¨‡g cÖ‡qvRbxq cwigvY M−y‡KvR Drcv`b, b~Zb †Kvlmg~‡ni mieiv‡ni gva¨‡g ¶wZMÖ ’ A½-cÖZ¨½mg~‡ni wbivgq mvab; †k¦Z‡Kv‡li gva¨‡g AvµgYKvix e¨v‡±wiqv I ‡ivMRxevYy‡K cÖwZnZKiY; GKvwaK MÖwš’ †_‡K wewfbœ ni‡gv‡bi wbtmiY, †h¸‡jv cÖvYxi kix‡ii wewfbœ As‡ki Kg©ZrciZvi ‡¶‡Î ¸i“Z¦c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i _v‡K BZ¨vw` mKj wKQy ZuviB Aw —‡Z¦i cÖgvY enb K‡i _v‡K |

GB ‡h we¯§qKi web¨vm eë ’v hvi mwVK inm¨ D`NvU‡b kZmnmª msL¨K weÁvbx K‡qK `kKvãx c_ AwZµg Kivi ciI e¨_© n‡q‡Q -Kvi gva¨‡g Zv m„wó n‡q‡Q ?

cÖwZwU †KvlB GKwU ¶y ª eë ’vi msMV‡b AskMÖnY K‡i _v‡K Ges GK †kªYxi †Kvlmgwó Dcv½mg~‡ni msMV‡b Ask †bq, hv A‡c¶vK…Z GK e„nr eë ’vi msMV‡b Ask †bq; Abyiƒc G ai‡bi GKvwaK RwUj eë ’vi mgb¦‡q Awf‡cÖZ kvixwiK mvgwMÖK eë ’v iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i| wKb‘ GLv‡bB G NUbvi †kl bq, eis AMwYZ cÖvwYR I AcÖvwYR Aw —‡Z¦i

mgb¦‡q wek¦cÖK…wZ bv‡g Akzj-cÖvb—nxb GK e„nËg eë ’vi m„wó nq, hv GKK cvwÛZ¨c~Y© cwiKêbvi QvqvZ‡j cwic~Y© k„•Ljv I mgb¦‡qi gva¨‡g cwiPvwjZ nq|

� �'� ��!��(� �� ÑwZwbB; AZGe wKfv‡e †Zvgiv mZ¨ n‡Z wePy Z nI (m~iv AvbAvg-95)! GUv wbwðZ †h, gvby‡li Áv‡bi cwiwa hZB we —vi jvf Ki‡e Ges cÖK…wZi wewfbœ

welqe ‘i g‡a¨ mgb¦q I bxwZ hZB Avwe¯‹„Z n‡e, ZZB m„wói inm¨ D‡b¥vwPZ n‡Z _vK‡e| Z‡e cÖK…wZi G mij m„wómg~n I my úó wb`k©bmg~n m¤ú‡K© wPb—v KivB wb®‹jyl I wbg©j nƒ`‡qi R‡b¨ h‡_ó|

Awbevh© Aw —‡Z¡i cÖgvYKiY f~wgKvt

c~e©eZx© cv‡V Avgiv Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQjvg †h, Hkx `vk©wbKMY Ges Kvjvgkv ¿ we`MY †Lv`vi Aw —Z¦ cÖgv‡Yi R‡b¨ AmsL¨ hyw³i AeZviYv K‡i‡Qb, hv `k©b I Kvjvgkv‡ ¿ we —vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avgiv H¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †h cÖgvYwU A‡c¶vK…Z Kg f~wgKvi cÖ‡qvRb Ges mnR‡eva¨ †mwU‡K wbe©vPb KiZt Zvi e¨vL¨v cÖ vb Kie| Z‡e GK_v ¯iY‡hvM¨ †h, G cÖgvYwU †Lv`vi Aw —Z¦‡K ïaygvÎ ÒAwbevh© Aw —Z¦Ó wk‡ivbv‡g cÖgvY K‡i -A_©vr hvui Aw —Z¦ AZ¨vek¨Kxq Ges †Kvb Aw —Z¦ cÖ`vbKvixi Dci wbf©ikxj bq| Awbevh© Aw —Z¦‡K cÖgvY Kivi ci Zvi Ônüv-‡evaKÕ êwkó¨ )�� ( ) I Ôbv-‡evaKÕ êwkó¨‡K (�� ) Aci GK hyw³i gva¨‡g cÖgvY Ki‡Z n‡e| Ônu v-‡evaKÕ êwk‡óï D`vniY nj Ávb, kw³ BZ¨vw` Ges Ôbv-‡evaKÕ êwk‡ói D`vniY nj Akixixq nIqv, wbw`©ó ’v‡b I Kv‡j mxgve× bv nIqv| cÖgv‡Yi welqe ‘ t

Aw —Z¦kxj welqmg~n, (eyw×e„wËK g‡Z ) nq Awbevh© Aw —Z¦ A_ev m¤¢ve¨ Aw —Z¦ Ges ‡Kvb Aw —Z¦kxj welqB eyw×e„wËKfv‡e G yÕaviYvi ewn©f~Z n‡Z cv‡i bv| mKj Aw —Z¡kxj welqB m¤¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡ n‡Z cv‡i bv| †Kbbv, m¤¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡ Kvi‡Yi gyLv‡c¶x| myZivs hw` mg — KviYmg~n m¤¢ve¨ Aw —Z¦ n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e cÖ‡Z¨KwU KviY‡KB Aci GK Kvi‡Yi gyLv‡c¶x n‡Z n‡e| d‡j KL‡bvB †Kvb Aw —Z¦kxj welq ev —e iƒc jvf Ki‡e bv| Ab¨fv‡e ejv hvq t Kvi‡Yi avivevwnKZv Am¤¢e| AZGe Aw —Z¦kxj welqmg~‡ni KviYmg~n avivevwnKfv‡e Ggb GK Aw —Z¦kxj wel‡q DcbxZ nq, hv ¦qs Aci Aw —kxj wel‡qi djkª“wZ bq A_©vr hv n‡e Awbevh© Aw —Z¡| G cÖgvYwU †Lv`vi Aw —‡Z¦i cÖgv‡Yi R‡b¨ `k©‡bi GKwU mijgZ cÖgvY, hv K‡qKwU LvuwU eyw×e„wËK cÖwZÁv Øviv iƒc jvf K‡i‡Q Ges †Kvb cÖKvi Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ I AwfÁZvjä Áv‡bi Dci wbf©ikxj bq | Z‡e †h‡nZz G cÖgvYwU‡Z `vk©wbK cwifvlv I fvev_©mg~n eënƒZ n‡q‡Q, †m‡nZz †h mKj cÖwZÁv I cwifvlvi gva¨‡g, D‡j−wLZ cÖgvYwU iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i‡Q Zv‡ì m¤c‡K© Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv Awbevh© |

m¤¢ve¨Zv I Awbevh©Zv t cÖwZwU cÖwZÁvB (hZB mij †nvK bv †Kb) Kgc‡¶ ywU †gŠwjK fvev_© h_v t D‡Ïk¨

��( ) I we‡aq ( �� ) wb‡q MwVZ nq| †hgb t m~h© D¾j G cÖwZÁvwU‡Z Òm~h©Ó nj D‡Ïk¨ Avi ÒD¾¡jÓ nj we‡aq Ges cÖwZÁvwU m~‡h©i R‡b¨ D¾¡jZv‡K cÖwZcv`b K‡i _v‡K|

D‡Ï‡kï R‡b¨ we‡a‡qi cÖwZcv`b wZbwU Ae ’vi e¨wZµg n‡Z cv‡i bv| nq Am¤¢e †hgb t Ò4 A‡c¶v 3 eo,Ó A_ev Awbevh© †hgb t Ò4 Gi A‡a©K nj 2Ó bZzev Am¤¢e ev Awbevh© G y‡qi †KvbwU bq †hgb t m~h© Avgv‡ì gv_vi Dci Ae ’vb Ki‡Q |

hyw³we`¨vi cwifvlvq Dc‡iv³ cÖ_g †¶‡Î cÖwZÁvi m¤cK©‡K wbwl× ( ��), wØZxq

†¶‡Î cÖwZÁvi m¤cK©‡K ÒAwbevh© (�� ) ev Avek¨Kxq (��) Z…Zxq †¶‡Î cÖwZÁvi

m¤cK©‡K Òm¤¢vebv Ó(�� ) (we‡kl A‡_© ) ¸Ym¤wjZ ejv n‡q _v‡K | `k©‡b ÔAw —Z¦kxj welqÕ m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q _v‡K| hv wKQy wbwl× I Amg¢e Zv

KL‡bvB evm—e iƒc jvf K‡i bv (ZvB G wel‡qi Av‡jvPbv `k©‡bi Aš—f©y³ nq bv)| d‡j `k©bkv ¿, Aw —Z¦kxj welqmg~n‡K eyw×e„wËi wfwË‡Z Awbevh© Aw —Z¡ I mg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡ G yÔfv‡M wef³ K‡i‡Q|

Awbevh© Aw —Z¡ ej‡Z eySvq, †h Aw —Z¡kxj welq wbR †_‡KB Aw —Z¡kxj Ges Zvi G Aw —‡Z¡i R‡b¨ Aci †Kvb Aw —Z¡kxj wel‡qi Dci wbf©ikxj bq| d‡j mfveZtB G ai‡bi Aw —Z Abvw` I Abb— n‡e| KviY, †Kvb GK mgq †Kvb wKQyi Abycwm’wZi A_© nj Zvi Aw —Z¡ wbR †_‡K bq Ges Aw —‡Z¡ Avmvi R‡b¨ Aci Ggb †Kvb Aw —Z¡kx‡ji Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z nq †h Zvi Dcvwm’wZ nj (Gi Dcwm’wZi R‡b¨) kZ© I KviY m¦iƒc; Avi Zvi Abycwm’wZ‡Z Gi Aw —Z¡ _v‡K bv|

m¤¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡ nj Zv, hv wbR †_‡K Aw —Z¡kxj bq Ges hvi Aw —Z¡kxjZvi R‡b¨ Aci †Kvb Aw —‡Z¡i Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z nq |

Aw —‡Z¡i G ‡kªYxwefvM eyw×e„wËi wfwË‡Z Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges msMZ Kvi‡YB Zv wbwl× Aw —Z¡‡K AmxKvi K‡i| Z‡e evm—e Aw —Z¡mg~n G `yÔwefv‡Mi (Awbevh© Aw —Z¡ I mg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡ ) †KvbwUi Ab—fy©³ †m m¤c‡K© †Kvb w`Kwb‡ ©kbv †bB| Ab¨ K_vq, G e¨vcviwU‡K wZb fv‡e AbyaveY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| h_v t

cÖ_gZt mKj Aw —Z¡B nj Awbevh© Aw —Z¡| wØZxqZt mKj Aw —Z¡B nj mg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡| Z…ZxqZt †Kvb †KvbwU nj Awbevh© Aw¯—Z¡ Avevi †Kvb †KvbwU nj mg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡| cÖ_g I Z…Zxq aviYvq ÔAwbevh© Aw —Z¡Õ we`¨gvb| AZGe G aviYvwU‡KB ( wØZxq)

Av‡jvPbvi welqem‘~iƒ‡c m’vb w`‡Z n‡e †h, ÔmKj Aw —Z¡B wK mg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡ nIqv mg¢e, bv wK Amg¢eÕ? Avi G aviYvwUi Ac‡bv`‡bi gva¨‡gB ÔAwbevh© Aw —‡Z¡iÕ aviYv P~ovb—iƒ‡c cÖwZwôZ nq hwÌ Zvi GKZ¡ Ges Ab¨vb¨ ¸Y‡K cÖwZcv`‡bi R‡b¨ Ab¨ †Kvb cÖgv‡Yi Dci wbf©i Kiv Avek¨K |

AZGe, wØZxq aviYvwU‡K cwiZ¨vM Kivi R‡b¨ Aci GKwU cÖwZÁv‡K D‡j−wLZ cÖgv‡Yi mv‡_ mshy³ Ki‡Z n‡e| Avi Zv nj GB †h, ÔmKj Aw —Z¡B mg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡ nIqv Amg¢eÕ| Z‡e G cÖwZÁvwU mZtwm× bq| G Kvi‡Y G‡K wbgœiƒ‡c cÖgvY I cÖwZôv Kiv Avek¨K t

mg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡ Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj Ges Kvi‡Yi Amxg avivevwnKZv Amg¢e| AZGe KviYmg~n Zv‡ì avivevwnKZvq Ggb GK Aw —‡Z¡ wM‡q †cŠuQ‡Z n‡e hv Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj bq| Avi Zv-B nj ÔAwbevh© Aw —Z¡Õ| myZivs mKj Aw —Z¡B mg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡ bq| Avi GLvb †_‡KB Aci GK `vk©wbK wel‡qi m~ÎcvZ N‡U, hvi e¨vL¨v †`qv cÖ‡qvRb| Kvh© I KviY t

hw` †Kvb Aw —Z¡kxj welq Aci †Kvb Aw —Z¡kxj wel‡qi Dci wbf©ikxj nq Ges Zvi Aw —Z¡ AciwUi Aw —‡Z¡i Dci wbf©i K‡i, Z‡e `k©‡bi cwifvlvq wbf©ikxj Aw —Z¡‡K Kvh© (��!�) Ges AciwU‡K KviY ( �" ) bvgKiY Kiv n‡q _v‡K| wKb‘y KviY wbi¼zkfv‡e Awbf©ikxj bvI n‡Z cv‡i, eis ÔKviY' wb‡RI wbf©ikxj I Ab¨ †Kvb Aw —Z¡kx‡ji Kvh©, n‡Z cv‡i| Avi hw` †Kvb Kvi‡Yi (Aci †Kvb Kvi‡Yi Dci) †Kvb cÖKvi wbf©ikxjZv I wbf©iZv bv _v‡K Z‡e H KviY‡K Ô wbi¼zk KviYÕ Ges Ôm¤c~Y©iƒ‡c Awbf©ikxj KviYÕ ejv †h‡Z cv‡i|

G ch©b— Avgiv KviY I Kv‡h©i `vk©wbK cwifvlv Ges Zv‡ì msÁv m¤c‡K© AeMZ n‡qwQ| GLb Avgv‡ì‡K G cÖwZÁvwU m¤c‡K© e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e †h, ÔmKj mg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡B Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxjÕ|

Ômg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡ ¯qswµqfv‡e Aw —Z¡ jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i bvÕ G ev‡Kï Av‡jv‡K ejv hvq Dnvi Aw —Z¡, Aci †Kvb Aw —Z¡kxj welq ev welqmg~‡ni evm—e iƒc cwiMÖn‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj n‡Z eva¨| KviY G Dw³wU (#�$%) mZtwm× †h, cÖ‡Z¨K we‡aqB ( �� ) hv D‡Ï‡kï (��) R‡b¨ we‡ePbvq †bqv nq Zv nq wbR †_‡KB we`¨gvb (mËvMZfv‡e ) A_ev Ab¨ †Kvbfv‡e (ciMZfv‡e) we`¨gvb| †hgb t †Kvb e ‘ nq wbR †_‡KB Av‡jvwKZ n‡q _v‡K A_ev Ab¨ †Kvb wKQyi Av‡jvi gva¨‡g Av‡jvwKZ n‡q _v‡K| cÖwZwU em‘B nq wb‡R †_‡KB ˆZjv³ A_ev Ab¨ †Kvb wKQyi (ˆZ‡ji ) gva¨‡g ˆZjv³ n‡q _v‡K | GUv Amg¢e †h, †Kvb wKQy bv mqswµqfv‡e Av‡jvwKZ ev ˆZjv³ n‡e, bv Ab¨ wKQyi gva¨‡g hv mswk−ó êwkó¨ ev ¸YmgwjZ; Avi GgZve ’vq Zv ˆZjv³ ev Av‡jvwKZ, G ¸‡Yi AwaKvix n‡e ?

AZGe, †Kvb D‡Ï‡kï (�� ) R‡b¨ Aw —‡Z¡i cÖwZcv`b nq, mËvMZfv‡e A_ev ciMZ fv‡e n‡q _v‡K Ges hLb mËvMZfv‡e bv nq, ZLb ciMZfv‡e nIqv Awbevh©| d‡j †h mKj mg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡ mqsµxqfv‡e Aw —Z¡kxj ¸Yvejx‡Z f~wlZ bv nq, †m mKj Aw —Z¦ Aci †Kvb Aw —Z¡kx‡ji mnvqZvq Aw —‡Z¡ Av‡m Ges Zvi Kvh© iƒ‡c (��!�) cwiMwYZ nq|

wKš‘ A‡b‡Ki g‡Z Kvh©KviY wewai (Causality) cÖK…Z A_© nj mKj Aw —Z¡B Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj, Avi Gi wfwË‡Z mgm¨v m„wó K‡i _v‡Kb †h, †Lv`vi R‡bÏ †Kvb KviY‡K we‡ePbv Kiv Avek¨K! Z‡e Zviv G K_v‡K we¯§„Z n‡q‡Qb †h, Kvh©KviY wewai D‡Ïk¨ (��) wbi¼zk Aw —Z¡ bq eis Gi D‡Ïk¨ (��) nj Ômg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡Õ I Kvh©| A_©vr mKj wbf©ikxj ev ciMZ Aw —Z¡B Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj, bv mKj Aw —Z¡B| Kvi‡Yi Amxg avivevwnKZv Amg¢e t

G cÖgv‡Yi R‡b¨ eëüZ me©‡kl cÖwZÁvwU nj, Kvi‡Yi avivevwnKZv Ggb GK Aw —‡Z¡

wM‡q †kl n‡Z eva¨ †h, H Aw —Z¡ Aci †Kvb Kvi‡Yi Kvh© (��!�) bq| A_©vr cvwifvwlK A‡_© Kvi‡Yi avivevwnKZv Amxg ch©b— Amg¢e| Avi G cÖwµqvq me©cÖ_g KviYiƒ‡c Awbevh© Aw —Z¡ A_©vr hv mqswµqfv‡e Aw —Z¡kxj Ges Aci †Kvb Aw —‡Z¡i Dci wbf©ikxj bq, Zv cÖwZcvw`Z n‡q _v‡K |

`k©b, Kvi‡Yi avivevwnKZv‡K iwnZKi‡Yi R‡b¨ GKvwaK hyw³i AeZviYv K‡i‡Q| Z‡e mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© Kvi‡Yi Amxg avivevwnKZvi AmviZv cÖvq mZtwm× Ges wKwÂr wPb—v Ki‡jB my cóiƒ‡c cÖwZfvZ nq| A_©vr ÔKv‡h©i Aw —Z¡ Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj Ges D³ Kvi‡Yi kZ©vaxbÕ hw` G wbqgZvwb¿KZv mve©Rbxb e‡j g‡b Kiv nq, Z‡e KL‡bvB †Kvb wKQy Aw —Z¡ jvf Ki‡e bv | KviY, wbf©ikxj Aw —‡Z¡i mgwó, Aci †Kvb Aw —Z¡ A_©vr hvi Dci Zv‡ì Aw —Z¡ wbf©i K‡i, Zv e¨ZxZ Aw —‡Z¡ Avmvi aviYv we‡eK m¤cbœ n‡Z cv‡i bv |

g‡b Kiv hvK, GK `j †`Šo cÖwZ‡hvMx †`Šo ïi“ Kivi R‡b¨ cÖviwg¢K †iLvq cÖ ‘wZ wb‡q ùvwo‡q Av‡Q| wKb‘ cÖ‡Z¨‡KB wm×vb— wb‡q‡Q †h, hw` Zvi cieZ©x e¨w³ ïi“ bv K‡i Z‡e †mI ïi“ Ki‡e bv| hw` Zv‡ì G wm×vb— mve©Rbxb nq, Z‡e KL‡bvB †Kvb cÖvš— †_‡KB †`Šo cÖwZ‡hvwMZv ev —evwqZ n‡e bv |

Abyiƒc hw` cÖwZwU Aw —Z¦B Aci Aw —‡Z¦i kZ©vaxb nq Z‡e KL‡bvB †Kvb Aw —Z¦ ev —eiƒc jvf Ki‡e bv| ev —e Aw —‡Z¦i ewntcÖKvk nj, Awbf©ikxj I kZ©nxb Aw —‡Z¦iB cÖgvY evnK| hyw³i AeZviYv t GLb Dc‡ivwj−wLZ cÖwZÁvmg~‡ni (��&'�) Av‡jv‡K hyw³wU‡K Dc ’vcb Kie t

Aw —Z¦kxj e‡j cwiMwYZ cÖwZwU welqB wbgœwjwLZ yÕAe ’vi ewntf©~Z n‡Z cv‡i bv t nq Aw —Z¦ Zvi R‡b¨ Awbevh© Ges m¦qswµqfv‡e Aw —Z¦kxj A_©vr ÔAwbevh© Aw —Z¦Õ A_ev Aw —Z¦ Zvi R‡b¨ Awbevh© bq Ges Aci †Kvb Aw —‡Z¡i gva¨‡g Aw —‡Z¦ G‡m‡Q; A_©vr mg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¦| GUv m¦Ztwm× †h, hw` †Kvb wKQyi Aw —Z¦jvf Amg¢e n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e KL‡bvB Zv Aw —Z¦ jvf Ki‡e bv Ges †Kvb Ae ’v‡ZB Zv Aw —Z¦kxj e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡Z cv‡i bv|

AZGe, mKj Aw —Z¦kxj welqB ((��) nq, ÔAwbevh© Aw —Z¦Õ n‡e A_ev mg¢ve¨ ÔAw —Z¦Õ n‡e|

Ômg¢¢ve¨ Aw —‡Z¡iÕ fvev‡_©i cÖwZ wbLyuZfv‡e j¶¨ Ki‡j cÖZxqgvb nq †h, G A‡_©i h_v_© fv‡ei AwaKvix mKj wKQyB nj Kvh© (��!�) ‡h¸‡jv Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj| KviY †Kvb Aw —Z^kxj welq hw` mqswµqfv‡e Aw —Z¡kxj bv n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e Aek¨B Aci †Kvb Aw —Z¦kx‡ji gva¨‡g Aw¯‡Z¡ G‡m‡Q| †hgbt hw` ‡Kvb êwkó¨ mËvMZfv‡e (��*��+ ) bv n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e

Aek¨B ciMZ fv‡e (,-��+ ) n‡e| Avi Kvh©KviY wewai Zvrch©I nj Zv-B †h, cÖ‡Z¨K Ôwbf©ikxj Aw —Z¡Õ ev Ômg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡BÕ Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj, bv mKj Aw —Z¡B; hv‡Z ejvi AeKvk _vK‡e †h †Lv`vI Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj A_ev KviYwenxb †Lv`vi cÖwZ wekvm m’vcb nj Kvh©KviY wewai cwicš’x|

Acic‡¶, hw` mKj Aw —Z¡kxjB mg¢ve¨ nq Ges Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj nq, Z‡e KL‡bvB †Kvb Aw —Z¡ ev —eiƒc jvf Ki‡e bv| Avi G ai‡bi aviYvi „óvš— Hiƒc †h, †Kvb `‡ji mKj m`m¨B Aci m`‡mï ïi“Ki‡Yi kZ©vaxb Ges H Ae ’vq †Kvb wKQyB NU‡e bv| AZGe, ev —e Aw —Z¡mg~‡ni Dcw ’wZB cÖgvY K‡i †h, GK ÔAwbevh© Aw¯—‡Z¡i' ((�� .�� ) Aw —Z¡ we`¨gvb|

Avj−vni ¸Ymg~n f~wgKv t

c~e©eZx© cvVmg~‡n ejv n‡q‡Q †h, AwaKvsk `vk©wbK hyw³i mvieËv nj ÔAwbevh© Aw —Z¡Õ bvgK GK Aw —Z¡kxj‡K cÖwZcv`b Kiv| Avi Aci GK †kªYxi hyw³i Aš—f©yw³i gva¨‡g Zvi Ôn uv-†evaKÕ I Ôbv-†evaKÕ ¸Y¸‡jv cªgvwYZ n‡q _v‡K| Giƒ‡c gnvb Avj−vn‡K Zuvi we‡kl ¸Ymg~n A_©vr †h¸‡jv Zuv‡K mKj m„wó †_‡K ¯Zš¿ K‡i †m¸‡jvmn kbv³ Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Ab¨_vq ïaygvÎ ÔAwbevh© Aw —Z¡Õ nIqvB Zuvi (Avj−vni) cwiwPwZi R‡b¨ h‡_ó bq| KviY †KD nqZ g‡b Ki‡Z cv‡ib †h, c`v_©© A_ev kw³i gZ welq¸‡jvI Awbevh© Aw —‡Z¡i „óvš— n‡Z cv‡i| Avi G Kvi‡Y GKw`‡K †hgwb, cÖfyi Ôbv-†evaKÕ ¸Y¸‡jv‡K cÖgvY Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z †evaMg¨ nq †h ÔAwbevh© Aw —Z¡Õ e ‘i R‡b¨ wbw`ó ¸‡Y ¸YvwšZ nIqv †_‡K cweÎ Ges †Kvb m„wói m „k n‡Z cv‡i bv; †Zgwb Aci w`‡K Zvui Ôn uv- †evaKÕ ¸Y¸‡jv‡K I cÖgvY Ki‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z Dcvmbvi R‡b¨ Zvui Dchy³Zv cÖwZfvZ nq Ges Ab¨vb¨ wekvm †hgb t beyIqvZ, wKqvgZ I G‡ì kvLvmg~n‡K cÖgvY Kivi †¶Î cÖm‘Z nq|

c~e©eZx© hyw³¸‡jv †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ †h, ÔAwbevh© Aw —Z¡Õ Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj bq Ges mg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡mg~‡ni Rb¨B ÔKviYÕ cÖ‡qvRb| A_v©r Awbevh© Aw —‡Z¡i yÕwU ¸Y cÖwZwôZ nj t GKwU nj, Aci †h †Kvb Aw —Z¡kx‡ji Dci Zvui Awbf©ikxjZv| †Kbbv hw` Aci †Kvb Aw —Z¡kx‡ji Dci b~¨bgZ wbf©ikxjZvI _v‡K, Z‡e H Aw —Z¡kxj Zuvi KviY iƒ‡c cwiMwYZ n‡e| †h‡nZz Avgiv †R‡bwQ †h, Kvi‡Yi A_©B (`k©‡bi cwifvlvq) nj, Aci †Kvb Aw —Z¡kxj Zvi Dci wbf©ikxj n‡e| Avi Aci cÖwZwôZ ¸YwU nj, mKj mg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡B, Zvi (Awbevh© Aw —Z¡) Kvh© (�� ) Ges Zvi Dci wbf©ikxj Ges wZwbB n‡jb Zv‡ì m„wói R‡b¨ me©cÖ_g KviY |

GLb, Dc‡ivwj−wLZ yÕDcmsnvi †_‡K Zv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Awe‡qvR¨ welqmg~n‡K eY©bv Kie Ges ÔAwbevh© Aw —‡Z¡iÕ Ôn uv-†evaKÕ I Ôbv-‡evaKÕ ¸Ymg~n‡K cÖwZcv`b Kie| Z‡e Zv‡ì (n uv-‡evaK I bv-†evaK ¸Y) cÖwZwUi R‡b¨ `k©b I Kvjvgkv‡ ¿ GKvwaK cÖgv‡Yi D‡j−L i‡q‡Q| wKb‘ Avgiv mn‡R AvqËKi‡Yi wbqgvaxb I c~e©eZx© welqem‘mg~‡ni mv‡_ cvi¯cwiK m¤cK© eRvq ivLvi R‡b¨ H mKj hyw³‡KB wbev©Pb Kie †h¸‡jv c~‡e©vwj−wLZ hyw³mg~‡ni mv‡_ Zv‡ì m¤cK©‡K msi¶Y Ki‡e| Avj−vni Abvw` I Abš— nIqv t

hw` †Kvb Aw —Z¡kxj Aci †Kvb Aw —Z¡kx‡ji (KviY ) Kvh© (��!�) I H Aw —Z¡kx‡ji Dci wb©fikxj nq Z‡e Zvi Aw —Z¡ H Aw —Z¡kxjvaxb n‡e Ges H Kvi‡Yi Abycw ’wZ‡Z Zv

Aw —‡Z¡ Avm‡Z cvi‡e bv | A_©vr †Kvb GK mgq †Kvb GK Aw —Z¡kx‡ji Aw —Z¡nxbZv Zvi wbf©ikxjZv I mg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡ nIqviB cÖgvYen| †h‡nZz Awbevh© Aw —Z¡ ¯qswµqfv‡eB we`¨gvb Ges †Kvb Aw¯—‡Z¡i DciB wbf©ikxj bq †m‡nZz me©`vB weivRgvb _vK‡e|

G cÖwµqvq Awbevh© Aw —‡Z¡i R‡b¨ Aci `yÕwU ¸Y cÖgvwYZ nj| GKwU nj ÔAbvw`Õ A_©vr BwZc~‡e© KL‡bvB Aw —Z¡nxb wQj bv Ges AciwU nj ÔAbb'— A_©vr fwel¨‡ZI KL‡bv wejyß n‡e bv| KL‡bv KL‡bv G yÕwU ¸Y‡K mw¤§wjZ fv‡e ÔwPiš—bZ¦Õ (/&��0) ejv n‡q _v‡K|

AZGe, †h Aw —Z¡kx‡ji Aw —Z¡nxbZvi c~e© „óvš— A_ev wejywc—i mg¢vebv _vK‡e, †m Aw —Z¡kxj ÔAwbevh© Aw —Z¡Õ n‡e bv| myZivs em‘MZ wel‡qi ÔAwbevh© Aw —Z¡Õ nIqvi aviYvi AmviZv cÖwZcbœ nj| bv-‡evaK ¸Y t

Awbevh© Aw —‡Z¡i Aci GKwU Awe‡qvR¨ welq nj AwefvR¨Zv )�1��+( A_©vr †hŠwMK ev Askmg~‡ni mgšq bv nIqv| KviY, mKj †hŠMB Gi Ask¸wji Dci wbf©ikxj| Avi Awbevh© Aw —Z¡ mKj cÖKvi wbf©ikxjZv †_‡K cweÎ I gy³ |

hw` g‡b Kiv nq †h,ÔAwbevh© Aw —‡Z¡iÕ Ask¸‡jv Zvr¶wYKfv‡e Aw —Z¦kxj bq, †hb GKwU KwíZ mij‡iLvi yÕwU Ask, Z‡e G ai‡bi aviYvI cwiZ¨vR¨| KviY hw` †Kvb wKQy As‡k wef³ nIqvi mvg_© iv‡L, Z‡e eyw×e„wËKfv‡e Zv wefvR¨ n‡e, hwÌ ev —‡e Zvi cÖKvk bv-I N‡U _v‡K| Avi wefvR¨Zvi m¤¢vebv gv‡b nj wejywc—i m¤¢vebv| †hgb t hw` GK wgUvi †iLv, ywU Aa©wgUv‡i wef³ nq, Z‡e Avi ÔGK wgUvi †iLviÕ Aw —Z¦ _vK‡e bv| Aci w`‡K Avgiv BwZc~‡e© Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ †h, Awbevh© Aw¯—‡Z¦i wejyc— nIqvi mg¢vebv †bB |

Avevi †h‡nZz Zvr¶wYK ( ��)!��* ) I mvg_© MZfv‡e ( +�&!��* ) GkvwaK As‡ki mgb¦q nj e ‘i we‡klZ¦, †m‡nZz cÖgvwYZ nq †h, †Kvb e ‘MZ Aw —Z¦B Awbevh© Aw —¦Z¦ n‡Z cv‡i bv| A_©vr †Lv`vi Ae ‘MZ nIqv (%�,�) cÖgvwYZ nj| Abyiƒc ¯cóZtB cÖZxqgvb nq †h, gnvb Avj−vn (evwn¨K) †Pv‡Li gva¨‡g `k©b‡hvM¨ bb Ges Aci †Kvb Bw› ª‡qi gva¨‡gI Abyaveb‡hvM¨ bb| KviY Bw› ªqMÖvn¨Zv nj e ‘ I e ‘MZ we‡klZ¡|

Aciw`‡K e ‘MZ nIqv‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ em‘ I Ab¨vb¨ e ‘MZ we‡klZ¡ †hgb t wbw`ó ’vb I KvjI Awbevh© Aw —Z¡Õ †_‡K wbwl× n‡q hvq| KviY ’vb Ggb wKQyi R‡b¨B fvev hvq hv AvqZb I we —vi wewkó nq| Abyiƒc wbw ©ó Kvjwewkó mKj wKQyB Avqy®‹v‡ji e —v‡ii „wó‡Z wefvRb‡hvM¨| Avi GUvI GK ai‡bi mxgve×Zv Ges mvg_© MZfv‡e (+-�&!��*) As‡ki mgšqiƒ‡c cwiMwYZ| AZGe gnvb Avj−vni R‡b¨ wbw ©ó ’vb I Kvj‡K Kêbv Kiv hvq bv Ges wbw ©ó ’vb I Kvjwewkó ‡Kvb Aw —Z¡B Awbevh© Aw —Z¡ n‡Z cv‡i bv| me©‡k‡l, Awbevh© Aw —Z¡ ‡_‡K wbw ©ó Kv‡ji A¯xK…wZi gva¨‡g MwZ, weeZ©b Ges weKvkI Zuvi †_‡K wbwl× nq| KviY †Kvb MwZ I cwieZ©bB KvjvwZµg e¨ZxZ MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv |

AZGe hviv Avj−vni R‡b¨ ÔAvikÕ bvgK wbw ©ó ’v‡bi K_v e‡j _v‡Kb A_ev Avmgvb †_‡K AatMgb I ’vbvš—wiZ nb e‡j g‡b K‡ib A_ev Pg©P¶yi gva¨‡g `k©b‡hvM¨ e‡j wekvm K‡i _v‡Kb; A_ev Zvu‡K weeZ©b I weKvkgvb e‡j MYbv K‡i _v‡Kb , Zviv cÖK…Zc‡¶

gnvb Avj−vn‡K mwVKiƒ‡c wPb‡Z cv‡ibwb |7 m‡ev©cwi †h †Kvb cªKv‡ii fvev_© hv GK ai‡bi NvUwZ, mxgve×Zv I wbf©ikxjZvi

cÖgvYen, Zv gnvb Avj−vni R‡b¨ wbwl× n‡q _v‡K Ges Avj−vni Ôbv-†evaKÕ ¸Y ej‡Z GUvB eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q | Awm—Z¡ vbKvix KviY t

c~ee©Zx hyw³mg~n †_‡K Avgiv G Dcmsnv‡i DcbxZ n‡Z cvwi †h, ÔAwbevh© Aw —Z¡BÕ nj mKj Ôm¤¢ve¨ Aw —‡Z¡iÕ KviY| GLb Avgiv G Dcmsnv‡ii Awe‡”Q`¨ welq¸‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Kie| Z‡e cÖ_‡gB Kvi‡Yi cÖKiY¸‡jv m¤c‡K© wKQyUv Av‡jvKcvZ Kie| AZtci cÖfyi KviY‡Z¡i we‡klZ¡ m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kie|

Kvi‡Yi mvaviY A_©, mKj Aw —Z¡kxj A_©vr †h¸‡jvi Dci Aci †Kvb Aw —Z¡ wbf©ikxj, †m¸‡jv‡K Aš—fy©³ K‡i _v‡K| GgbwK kZ©mg~n Ges mnvqKmg~n‡KI mgwšZ K‡i _v‡K| myZivs gnvb Avj−vni R‡b¨ KviY bv _vKvi A_© nj, Ab¨ †Kvb Aw —‡Z¡i Dci †Kvb cÖKv‡ii wbf©ikxjZv bv _vKv| GgbwK †Kvb cÖKv‡ii kZ© I mnvqKI Zvui R‡b¨ Kíbv Kiv hvq bv|

wKb‘ m„wói R‡b¨ Avj−vni KviY nIqvi A_© nj, Aw —Z¡ vZv A‡_©, hv KZ…©Kvi‡Yi ) �"2�"�3( GK we‡kl kvLv| Gi e¨vL¨v cÖ v‡bi R‡b¨ wewfbœ cÖKvi Kvi‡Yi GKwU msw¶c— wPÎ Zz‡j aivi †Póvq `„wó wbe× Kie Ges G‡ì we —vwiZ e¨vL¨vi `vwqZ¡ `k©bkv‡ ¿i Dci cÖ`vb Kie|

Avgiv Rvwb †h, e„¶ D˜MZ nIqvi R‡b¨ exR, Dchy³ gvwU Ges AvenvIqvi cÖ‡qvRb| Abyiƒc GKwU cÖvK…wZK ev gvbexq Kvh©wbev©nxiI cÖ‡qvRb, †h exRwU‡K gvwU‡Z ecb Ki‡e Ges Zv‡Z cvwb mieivn Ki‡e| G‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡KB D‡j−wLZ Kvi‡Yi msÁvbymv‡i e„‡¶i D˜MwZi KviY|

G wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii KviYmg~n‡K wewfbœ „wó‡KvY †_‡K wef³ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hgb t †h mKj KviY Kv‡h©i we`¨gvbZvi R‡b¨ me© vB Acwinvh© †m¸‡jv‡K cÖK…Z KviY ($�&�&.!� � /) ejv n‡q _v‡K Ges †h mKj KviY Kv‡h©i we`¨gvbZvi R‡b¨ Acwinvh© bq ( †hgb t K…lK dm‡ji R‡b¨) †m¸‡jv‡K mnvqK KviY (0%�%/�� / A_ev 1�%�) ejv n‡q _v‡K| Abyiƒc cÖwZ ’vcb‡hvM¨ KviY‡K cÖwZ ’vwcZ KviY (�!%*!� � /) Ges Ab¨vb¨ KviYmg~n‡K ¯Zš¿ KviY (0��2.�� / ) ejv n‡q _v‡K|

G Qvov Aci GK‡kªYxi KviY Av‡Q, †h¸‡jv Dc‡iv³ e„‡¶i D˜MwZ m¤c‡K© hv ejv n‡q‡Q Zv †_‡K ¯Zš¿ Ges G‡ì „óvš—‡K AvZ¥v (3)�!�) welqK †¶‡Î ev †Kvb †Kvb AvwZ¥K wel‡q cwij¶Y Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| D`vniYZt hLb gvbyl Zvi gw¯—‡®‹ GKwU wPÎ MVb K‡i A_ev †Kvb KvR Kivi wm×vš— †bq ZLb, gw —®‹cÖm~Z wPÎ I B”Qv bvgK Ggb GKai‡bi AvwZ¥K I gvbm m„wó iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i, hv‡ì Aw —Z¡ AvZ¥vi Dci wbf©ikxj Ges `„wó‡KvY †_‡K H¸‡jv AvZ¥vi Kvh© (�� ) e‡j cwiMwYZ| wKb‘ G ai‡bi Kvh© (�� ) Ggb †h, KLbB Zv‡ì

7| ÔRvqMv `Lj, Avik †_‡K AatMgb Ges Pg©P¶yi gva¨‡g `k©b‡hvM¨Õ G aviYv †cvlY K‡i _v‡Kb Avn‡j mybœ‡Zi GKwU we‡kl †Mvôx | Avi

ÔweeZ©b I weKv‡ki ÕaviYv †cvlY K‡i _v‡Kb †n‡Mj, evM©mb, DBwjqvg wRgm& I IqvBU‡n‡Wi gZ cwðgv `vk©wbKMY| Z‡e g‡b ivLv DwPr †h, MwZ I

Ae ’vi cwieZ©b‡K †Lv`v †_‡K wbwl× Ki‡Yi A_© Gbq †h, wZwb w ’i I Abo| eis Zvi mËvMZ w¯’wZ‡K )#��$( eySvb n‡q‡Q Ges w ’wZ nj cwieZ©‡bi

wecixZ (&' ), wKš‘ wm’iZv I MwZi m¤cK© nj )(�)� *� �( Avi MwZkxjZvq m¶g †Kvb wKQy e¨ZxZ G ¸‡Y ¸YvwšZ nq bv|

KviY †_‡K ¯vaxbiƒ‡c weivR K‡i bv Ges D³ KviY e¨ZxZ ¯Zš¿iƒ‡c Aw —Z¡ jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| GQvov gw —‡®‹ AswKZ Qwe A_ev B”Qvi †¶‡Î AvZ¥vi f~wgKv Ggb mKj k‡Z©i Aaxb †h, Zvi NvUwZ, mxgve×Zv I m¤¢ve¨ Aw —‡Z¡i ewntcÖKvk|

AZGe, G wekRM‡Zi m„wó‡Z Awbevh© Aw —‡Z¡i f~wgKv AvwÍK wel‡qi †¶‡Î AvÍvi f~wgKv A‡c¶vI e„nËi I c~Y©Zi Ges AZzjbxq| KviY, wZwb †Kvb cÖKv‡ii mvnvh¨ e¨wZ‡i‡KB Zvui m„wó‡K Aw —Z¡ `vb K‡i _v‡Kb Ges H m„wó mg — mËv wb‡qB Zvui Dci wbf©ikxj | Aw —Z¡ vbKvix Kvi‡Yi we‡klZ¡ t

c~e©eZx© Av‡jvPbvi Dci wfwË K‡i Aw —Z¡`vbKvixKvi‡Yi K‡qKwU ¸i“Z^c~Y© we‡kl‡Z¡i cÖwZ `„wó wbe× Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i t

1| Aw —Z¡ vZv KviY‡K P~ovš— ch©v‡q mKj Kv‡h©i (�� ) c~Y©Zvi (1��) AwaKvix n‡Z n‡e hv‡Z cÖ‡Z¨K m„wó‡K (%�,�) Zvi aviY ¶gZv Abyhvqx `vb Ki‡Z cv‡i -hv mnvqK I Ab¨vb¨ e ‘MZ Kvi‡Yi e¨wZµg | KviY H KviY¸‡jv ïaygvÎ Kv‡h©i (�� ) cwiea©b I weeZ©‡bi †¶Î m„wó K‡i Ges H¸‡jvi (weeZ©b I cwiea©b) P~ovš—iƒ‡ci AwaKvix nIqv Zv‡ì R‡b¨ Acwinvh© bq| †hgb t gvwU‡K Dw™¢¾ c~Y©Zvi AwaKvix nIqv Acwinvh© bq A_ev wcZv-gvZv‡K mš—v‡bi c~Y©Z vev DrK‡l©i AwaKvix nIqvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †bB| wKš‘ Aw —Z¡ vbKvix mªóv‡K Zvui AwefvR¨Zv I Awewk−óZv ¸‡Yi cvkvcvwk Aw —Z¡MZ mKj c~Y©Zvi AwaKvix n‡Z n‡e| 1

2| Aw —Z¡ vbKvix KviY ¦xq Kvh©‡K (�� ) Abw —Z¡ †_‡K Aw —‡Z¡ Avbqb K‡i _v‡K| GK K_vq Zv‡K m„wó K‡i _v‡K Ges G m„wói d‡j Zvi Aw —Z¡ †_‡K wKQyB nªvm cvq bv| A_P cÖvK…wZK wbqvgKmg~‡ni f~wgKv ïaygvÎ Kv‡h©i (�� ) iƒcvb—‡ii g‡a¨B mxgve×, hvi R‡b¨ kw³ I mvg_© e¨q Ki‡Z nq| Awbevh© Aw —‡Z¡i mËv †_‡K †Kvb wKQyi we‡qvR‡bi A_© nj, m„wóKZ©vi mËvMZ wefvR¨Zv I cwieZ©bkxjZv Ñ hvi AmviZv BwZc~‡e© cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q | 3| Aw —Z¡`vbKvix KviY nj GKwU cÖK…Z KviY ($�&�&.!� $ / ) | d‡j Kv‡h©i (�� ) we`¨gvbZvi R‡bÏ Zvi Aw —Z¡ Awbevh©| wKb‘ mnvqK Kvi‡Yi (0%�%/�� $ /) Aw —Z¡, Kv‡h©i (�� ) R‡b¨ Acwinvh© bq|

AZGe, Avn‡j mybœ‡Zi †Kvb †Kvb Kvjvgkv ¿we`MY †_‡K †h ewY©Z n‡q‡Q ÔG wek¦, Zvi we`¨gvbZvi R‡b¨ mªóvi Dci wbf©ikxj bqÕ Zv mwVK bq| Abyiƒc cvðv‡Zï †Kvb †Kvb `vk©wbK †h e‡j _v‡Kb, ÔcÖK…wZ RMr Nwoi gZ me©Kv‡ji R‡b¨ GKevi `gK…Z n‡q‡Q Ges MwZgqZvi R‡b¨ Avi †Lv`vi Dci Zvi †Kvb wbf©iZv †bBÕ ZvI mZëwnf©~Z| eis G Aw —Z¡RMr me© v me©ve ’vq gnvb mªóvi Dci wbf©ikxj Ges wZwb hw` GK gyn~‡Z©i R‡bÏ Aw —Z¡ cÖ vb †_‡K weiZ nb, Z‡e Avi †Kvb wKQyB evKx _vK‡e bv |

hw` n‡eb we¯§„Z aŸsm n‡e mg —|

1| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e m„wói c~Y©Zvi AwaKvix nIqvi A_© GUv bq †h, Zv‡ì e ‘MZ ‰ewkó¨ I (†hgb t †`n I gvbyl) †Lv`vi R‡b¨ mZ¨ n‡e| KviY G

êwkó¨¸‡jv mxgve× I Ac~Y©v½ Aw¯—Z¡kx‡ji cÖgvY enb K‡i| d‡j cwic~Y© I Amxg Aw —‡Z¦i AwaKvix †Lv`vi R‡b¨ GUv mZ¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv|

mËvMZ ¸Yvejx f~wgKv t

BwZc~‡e© Avgiv †R‡bwQ †h, gnvb mªóv Avj−vn, whwb G gnvwe‡ki Aw —Z¡`vbKvix KviY, wZwb Aw —‡Z¡i mKj cÖKvi c~Y©Zvi (1��) AwaKvix Ges mKj Aw —Z¡kx‡j cÖvß †h †Kvb cÖKv‡ii DrKl© Zvui †_‡KB, hvi R‡b¨ Zvui c~Y©Zv †_‡K ‡Kvb cÖKvi NvUwZ nqwb| mnR‡eva¨Zvi R‡b¨ wKwÂr wbgœwjwLZ D`vniYwUi K_v ¯§iY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i t

wk¶K Zvi QvÎ‡ì‡K ¯xq Ávb †_‡K wk¶v w`‡q _v‡Kb| wKš‘ Gi d‡j Zvi Áv‡bi †Kvb NvUwZ nq bv | Z‡e gnvb m„wóKZ©v KZ©„K `vbK…Z Aw —Z¡ I Aw —Z¡MZ DrKl© G D`vniY A‡c¶v eû¸‡Y m‡gvbœZ Ges mg¢eZt G †¶‡Î GUvB ejv †kªq †h , Aw —Z¡RMr nj cvweÎ cÖfymËviB y wZ| †hgbwU wbgœwjwLZ †Kviv‡bi AvqvZ †_‡K Avgiv Abyaveb Ki‡Z cvwi t

4�� 1��!� �� '� Ñ Avj−vn AvKvkgÊjx I c„w_exi †R¨vwZ (myiv b~i Ñ 35 ) gnvb cÖfyi Amxg c~Y©Zv ev Kvgvj‡Zi Av‡jv‡K †h mKj fvev_© c~Y©Zvi cÖgvY enb

Ki‡e Ges Acwinvh©fv‡e †h †Kvb cÖKvi mxgve×Zv I NvUwZ †_‡K gy³ n‡e †m mKj fvev_©B gnvb Avj−ni R‡b¨ mZ¨ n‡e| †hgbwU, †KviAv‡bi wewfbœ AvqvZ, †iIqv‡qZ I nhiZ gvÕm~gM‡Yi (Avt) †`vqv I †gvbvRvZmg~‡n gnvb Avj−vn‡K b~i, Kvgvj, my›ì, †cÖggq, m`vb›` BZ¨vw` wewfbœ Zvrch©c~Y© A‡_© f~wlZ Ki‡Z †`Lv hvq| wKb‘ Bmjv‡gi AvK¡vÕ‡q`, `k©b I Kvjvgkv‡ ¿ Avj−vni ¸Yiƒ‡c hv ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Zv cÖK…Zc‡¶ ‡Lv`vi ¸Ymg~‡ni g‡a¨ wbe©vwPZ K‡qKwU ¸Y| †h¸‡jv yÕ†kªYx‡Z wef³ (mËvMZ ¸Y I wµqvMZ ¸Y)|

AZGe, me©v‡MÖ (¸Ymg~‡ni) G †kªYxwefvM m¤c‡K© e¨vL¨v cÖ vb Kie Ges AZtci ¸i“Z¦c~Y© K‡qKwU ¸‡Yi D‡j−L I ‡m¸wji cÖwZcv`‡bi w`‡K „wó wbe× Kie| mËvMZ I wµqvMZ ¸Yvejx t

‡Lv`vi Dci Av‡ivwcZ ¸Y¸‡jv, nq †Lv`vi mËvmswk−ó GK cÖKvi Kvgvj ev c~Y©Zvi fvev_© n‡e †hgb t Rxeb, cÖÁv I ¶gZv A_ev gnvb cÖfyi mv‡_ Zvui m„wói m¤cK©-mswk−ó fvev_© †hgb t m„Rb¶gZv I RxweKv`v‡bi ¶gZv n‡e| cÖ_g †kªYxi fvev_©‡K ÔmËvMZ ¸YÕ Ges wØZxq †kªYxi fvev_©‡K ÔwµqvMZ ¸YÕ ejv n‡q _v‡K|

G y'†kªYxi ¸Ymg~‡ni g‡a¨ g~j cv_©K¨ GB †h cÖ_g †kªYxi ¸Y¸‡jv nj cÖfyi cweÎ mËvi Awfbœiƒc; wKb‘ wØZxq †kªYxi ¸Y¸‡jv nj gnvb cÖfy I Zvui m„wóKz‡ji g‡a¨ m¤c‡K©i cÖKvkK, †h¸‡jv cÖfymËv I m„wómËvi wØcvw¶K m¤cK©iƒ‡c we‡ewPZ nq| †hgbt m„Rb¶gZv, hv cÖfymËvi Dci m„wómËvi Aw —Z¡MZ m¤cK© mswk−ó ¸Y Ges cÖfy I m„wóKz‡ji mswk−óZvq G m¤cK© iƒc jvf K‡i | wKb‘ ev —eRM‡Z cÖfyi cweÎ mËv I m„wóKzjmËv e¨ZxZ m„wóKiY bvgK Aci †Kvb ¯Zš¿ mËvi Aw —Z¡ †bB| Z‡e gnvb cÖfy Zvui ¯xq mËvq m„Rb¶gZvi AwaKvix | wKb‘ ¶gZvÕ (1�%�) nj cÖfyi mËvMZ ¸‡Yi Ab—f~©³| Aciw`‡K Ôm„wóKiYÕ AwZwi³ ¸‡Yi Zvrch© enb K‡i, hv Kvh©‡¶‡Î we‡ewPZ n‡q _v‡K| AZGe G „wó‡KvY †_‡K

Ôm„RbÕ cÖfyi wµqvMZ ¸Y e‡j cwiMwYZ nq Ñ hwÌ Zv Ôm„R‡b m¶gÕ A‡_© eëüZ n‡q _v‡K hv Ô¶gZvi Õ Ab—wb©wnZ welq|

gnvb Avj−vni mËvMZ ¸Y¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Rxeb (1��.) Ávb (� / ) I ¶gZv (1�%� ) nj me©vwaK ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| wKb‘ kªeY I `k©b hw` kªeYxq I `vk©bxq welqmg~n m¤c‡K© Áv‡bi AwaKvix ej‡Z ev kªeY I `k©b ¶gZvi AwaKvix eySv‡bv nq, Z‡e Zvi g~j cÖÁvevb I ¶gZvevb G (mËvMZ) ¸Y`‡qi w`‡KB wd‡i hvq| Avevi hw` G‡ì (kªeY I `k©b) A_© Kvh©MZ kªeY I `k©b n‡q _v‡K, hv kªeYKvix I `k©bKvixi mËv Ges kªeYxq I `k©bxq em‘i ga¨Kvi m¤cK© †_‡K we‡ewPZ n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e Zv wµqvMZ ¸Y e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡e| †hgb t KL‡bv KL‡bv ÁvbI (� /) Giƒc‡¶‡Î eëüZ n‡q _v‡K Ges ZLb Zv‡K Kvh©MZ Ávb (� �)!� � /) e‡j bvgKiY Kiv nq |

‡Kvb ‡Kvb Kvjvgkv ¿we` fvlv (�5�!�) I B”Qv‡KI (+%��) mËvMZ ¸‡Yi Ab—fy©³ e‡j g‡b K‡ib| G m¤c‡K© Avgiv cieZx©©‡Z Av‡jvPbv Kie| mËvMZ ¸‡Yi cÖgvY t

Rxeb, ¶gZv I Ávb‡K cÖgv‡Yi R‡b¨ me©v‡c¶v mijZg c_wU nj GB ‡h, G fvev_©¸‡jv‡K hLb m„ó welqmg~‡ni ‡¶‡Î eënvi Kiv nq ZLb G¸‡jv H m„ó welqmg~‡ni c~Y©Zv‡K cÖKvk K‡i| AZGe H¸‡jv (Rxeb, cÖÁv, ¶gZv) Aw —Z¡ vbKvix Kvi‡Yi g‡a¨ c~Y©Zg ch©v‡q _vKv Avek¨K| KviY †h †Kvb m„ó wel‡qi g‡a¨B †h †Kvb cÖKvi DrK‡l©i mÜvb cvIqv hv‡e, Zv cÖK…Zc‡¶ gnvb cÖwZcvjK Avj−vn †_‡KB cÖvc— Ges GUv KL‡bvB mg¢e bq †h, whwb Rxeb `vb Ki‡eb, wZwb Rxe‡bi AwaKvix bb| Abyiƒc, whwb m„wó‡K Ávb I ¶gZv w`‡eb wZwb ¯qs AÁ (��,) I ¶gZvnxb n‡eb Ñ ZvI Amg¢e |

AZGe †Kvb †Kvb m„wói g‡a¨ cÖvc— G c~Y©Zv, gnvb m„wóKZ©vi g‡a¨ G‡ì P~ovš— ch©v‡qi mgvnv‡ii cÖgvY enb K‡i _v‡K| A_©vr (H ¸Y¸‡jvi) †Kvb cÖKvi mxgve×Zv I wKwÂr cwigv‡Yi NvUwZ QvovB gnvb m„wóKZ©vi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb| Ab¨fv‡e ejv hvq t gnvb cÖfy Amxg ¶gZv, Ávb I Rxe‡bi AwaKvix| GLb Avgiv G‡ì cÖwZwUi R‡b¨ we —vwiZ Av‡jvPbvq g‡bvwb‡ek Kie| Rxeb t

Rxe‡bi aviYvwU yÕ‡kªYxi m„óe —yi †¶‡Î eënƒZ n‡q _v‡K| G‡ì GKwU nj Dw ¢ Kzj, hviv weKvk I ea©b¶g Ges AciwU nj cÖvYx I gvbeKzj, hviv cÖZ¨q I †ev‡ai AwaKvix| wKb‘ cÖ_g cÖKv‡ii †¶‡Î NvUwZ I wbf©ikxjZv Acwinvh©| KviY weKvk I ea©‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨Zv nj ‡h, weKvkcÖvß Aw —Z¡gq, ïi“‡Z Ac~Y©v½ _v‡K Ges †Kvb ewntwbe©vn‡Ki cÖfv‡e G‡ì g‡a¨ cwieZ©b m„wó nq; AZtci ch©vqµ‡g bZzb GK c~Y©Zvq †cŠu‡Q| mZivs Gai‡bi †Kvb welq‡K gnvb m„wóKZv©iƒ‡c AvL¨vwqZ Kiv hvq bv ( hvi Av‡jvPbv BwZc~‡e© bv-†evaK ¸‡Yi †¶‡Î Kiv n‡q‡Q)|

Rxe‡bi wØZxq A_©wU nj, c~Y©Zvi Zvrch©gwÊZ| hwÌ Gi mg¢ve¨ „óvš— (6�%2) NvUwZ I mxgve×Zv mgwšZ; wKb‘ Zvi R‡b¨ Amxg GK ghv©`v‡K we‡ePbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i -‡hLv‡b †Kvb cÖKvi NvUwZ I wbf©ikxjZvB Avi _v‡Kbv| Aw —Z¡ I c~Y©Zvi Zvrch©I Abyiƒc|

g~jZt Rxeb †h A‡_© Ávb I Hw”QK Kvh©mgwbZ nq, †m A‡_© Ae ‘MZ GK Aw —Z¡ Zvi R‡b¨ Acwinvh© | KviY hwÌ Rxeb— em‘i cÖwZ Rxeb‡K A‡ivc Kiv nq, Z_vwc Zv ( Rxeb) nj cÖK…Zc‡¶ G‡ì (Rxeb— em‘i ) AvZ¥vi ( 7��) êwkó¨| wKb‘ †h‡nZz H em‘ AvZ¥vi AwaKvix nq, ZvB fyjekZt Zv Rxeb— e‡j êwkó¨gwÊZ nq| A_©vr †hgbK‡i e —yi R‡b¨ wem‘vi Acwinvh©, †Zgwb wbe©my‘‡Ki (%-�, ev Aem‘MZ) RbÏ AvZ¥v (7�� ) Acwinvh© | Avi G Av‡jvPbvi Dci wfwË K‡i gnvb mªóvi Rxeb m¤c‡K© Aci, GKwU `wjj Avgv‡ì n —MZ nq | h_v t cÖfyi cweÎ Aw —Z¡ nj wbe©my‘K ( %8�, ) ev Aem‘MZ-hv c~e©eZx© cv‡V cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q| Avi cÖ‡Z¨K wbe©my‘K Aw —Z¡B mËvMZfv‡e Rxe‡bi AwaKvix| AZGe gnvb Avj−vnI mËvMZfv‡e Rxe‡bi AwaKvix| Ávb t

Ávb nj ¦Ztwm×Zg fvev_©mg~‡ni GKwU| Z‡e m„ó welqvwì g‡a¨ Gi †h „óvb— Avgiv j¶¨ K‡i _vwK Zv mxgve× I Am¤c~Y©| myZivs G ai‡bi we‡klZ¡ mnKv‡i gnvb cÖfyi Dci Zv Av‡ivc‡hvM¨ n‡e bv| wKb‘ BwZc~‡e© †hgbwU D‡j−L n‡q‡Q †h, eyw×e„wË (�&/) G fvev‡©_i c~Y©Zvi R‡b¨ Ggb †Kvb „óvb—‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡Z cv‡i, hvi †Kvb cÖKvi Ac~Y©Zv I mxgve×Zv _vK‡e bv Ges hv Ávbxi Awfbœ mËvi Ab—©MZ n‡e| Avi Zv-B nj gnvb cÖfyi †mB mËvMZ ¸Y| cÖfyi Ávb‡K GKvwaK Dcv‡q cÖwZcv`b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, hv‡ì GKwU nj †m c_, hv mKj mËvMZ ¸‡Yi cÖgv‡Yi †¶‡Î Bw½Z Kiv n‡q‡Q| A_©vr †h‡nZz m„ó welqvwì g‡a¨ Ávb we`¨gvb, †m‡nZz Zv‡ì m„wóKZ©vi g‡a¨ I (G Ávb) P~ovb— ch©v‡q we`¨gvb _vKv Avek¨K| (cÖfyi cÖÁv‡K cÖgv‡Yi R‡b¨) Aci c_wU myweb¨m—Zvi `wj‡ji Dci wbf©ikxj hv wbgœiƒc t †Kvb m„ó wel‡q h‡ZvwaK k„•Ljv I web¨vm eëm’v cwijw¶Z n‡e, Zv Z‡ZvwaK Aw —‡Z¡ AvbqbKvixi Ávb I cÖÁv m¤c‡K© cÖgvY enb Ki‡e| †hgbt †Kvb ZvwË¡K eB A_ev †Kvb GKwU my›ì KweZv wKsev Ab¨ †h †Kvb wkíKg©, cÖYqbKvixi Ávb, myi“wP I `¶Zvi cÖgvY enb K‡i Ges KL‡bvB †Kvb eyw×gvb e¨w³i c‡¶B GUv fvev mg¢e bq †h, GKwU ZvwË¡K A_ev `vk©wbK eB †Kvb GK AÁ I wbi¶i e¨w³ KZ…©K wjwLZ n‡q‡Q| AZGe wKiƒ‡c aviYv Kiv hvq †h, GZ inm¨ I we¯§q m¤wjZ G gnvwek, ‡Kvb GK AÁ Aw —Z¡ KZ…©K m„wRZ n‡q‡Q ?!

me©‡k‡l (cÖfyi cÖÁv‡K cÖgv‡Yi R‡b¨) Z…Zxq cš’vwU, KZ¸‡jv (A¯Ztwm×) c‡iv¶ 0�9�( ) `vk©wbK cÖwZÁvi Dci wfwË K‡i cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q| †hgb t cÖ‡Z¨K ¯vaxb wbe© ‘K (%-�,) Aw —Z¡B Áv‡bi AwaKvix|

1 (hv mswk−ó MÖš’mg~‡n cÖgvwbZ n‡q‡Q )

cÖfyi Áv‡bi cÖwZ Av ’v Ávcb Kiv AvZ¥MV‡bi R‡b¨ AZxe ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| GRb¨B cweÎ †KvivÕ‡b G m¤c‡K© AbeiZ ¸i“Z¡v‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q | D`vniYZt D‡j−L Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i t

)"� �� /�� $�:�" �� #��%2!� Ñgnvb Avj−vn cÖZviK‡ì P¶ymg~n I Ab—‡ii inm¨mg~n m¤c‡K© AeMZ Av‡Qb (myiv

gyÕwgb-19) | 1| gnvb Avj−vn ¯vvaxb wbe©m‘K Aw¯—Z¡ , AZGe gnvb Avj−vn I Áv‡bi AwaKvix

¶gZv t hw` KZv© ¯xq Kg©‡K †¯”Qvq m¤cbœ K‡i _v‡Kb Z‡e ejv n‡q _v‡K †h, Zvi Kg©

m¤cv`‡bi ¶gZv (1�%� ) i‡q‡Q| AZGe ¶gZv ej‡Z eySvq mg¢eci mKj Kv‡h©i R‡b¨ ¯vaxb †Kvb KZv©i m¶gZv‡K| KZv© Aw —‡Z¡i gh©v`vi „wó‡Z hZ†ekx cwic~©Y n‡e ZZ‡ekx ¶gZvi AwaKvix n‡e Ges †h Aw —Z¡ Amxg c~Y©Zvi AwaKvix, Zvi ¶gZv n‡e Acwimxg|

��%� ;<� �� / '� -� ÑwbðqB Avj−vn mKj wKQyi Dci ¶gZvevb (myiv evKviv-20) ∗ |

GLv‡b K‡qKwU welq ¯§iY‡hvM¨ t

1| †h mKj Kg© ¶gZvi AvIZvq e‡j cwiMwYZ †m mKj K‡g©i ev —e iƒc jv‡fi mg¢ve¨Zv _vKv Awbevh©| AZGe hv wKQy mËvMZfv‡e Amg¢e A_ev Acwinvh©iƒ‡c Amg¢e Zv ¶gZvi AvIZvaxb e‡j cwiMwYZ nq bv| ÔAvi mKj wKQyi Dci cÖfyi ¶gZv Av‡QÕ Zvi gv‡b G bq †h, †Lv`v Ab¨ GK †Lv`v‡K m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡ib (KviY †Lv`v‡K m„wó Kiv Amg¢e) A_ev †Lv`v cv‡ib 2, msL¨vwU †h A‡_© 2 Zv‡K 3 (†h A‡_© 3) A‡c¶v e„nËi Ki‡Z A_ev mb—vb‡K mb—vb wn‡m‡e wcZvi c~‡e© m„wó Ki‡Z|

2| mKj Kg© mva‡bi ¶gZv _vKvi A_© G bq †h, H Kg©¸‡jvi me KÕwUB wZwb Acwinvh©iƒ‡c Kvh©Ki Ki‡eb| eis hv wZwb B”Qv Ki‡eb Zv-B Ki‡eb Ges cÖÁvevb cÖfy h‡_vchy³ I ÁvbMf© Kg© e¨ZxZ †Kvb Kg© Kvgbv K‡ib bv I m¤cv`b K‡ib bv -hwÌ wZwb AbvKvw•LZ I AcQ›`bxq Kg© m¤cv`‡b m¶g | cieZx© cvVmg~‡n †Lv`vi cÖÁv 1�.( ) m¤c‡K© we —vwiZ e¨vLv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e |

3| ¶gZv, Av‡jvP¨ A‡_© m¦vaxbZv ev wbev©Pb ¶gZv‡KI mgwš¦Z K‡i Ges gnvb Avj−vn P~ovš— ¶gZvi AwaKvix nIqvi cvkvcvwk c~Y© m¦vaxbZviI AwaKvix| †Kvb wKQyB Zvu‡K m¦xq Kg© m¤cv`‡b evavMÖ ’ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv ev Zvi ¯vaxbZv‡K niY Ki‡Z cv‡ibv| KviY mKj m„ó wel‡qiB Aw —Z¦ I kw³ Zvui †_‡K cÖvc— Ges †h kw³ I ¶gZv wZwb Aci‡K `vb K‡i‡Qb KL‡bvB †m kw³ I ¶gZvi ek¨Zv wZwb m¦xKvi K‡ib bv |

wµqvMZ ¸Yvejx

f~wgKv t

c~e©eZx© cv‡V ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, wµqvMZ ¸Ymg~n ej‡Z eySvq †m mKj fvev_©‡KB, hv cÖfymËv‡K Zvui m„ó welqmg~‡ni mv‡_ Zzjbv KiZt G y‡qi cvi¯cwiK we‡kl m¤cK© †_‡K †evaMg¨ n‡q _v‡K| m„wóKZ©v I m„ó welq G y‡qi mgš‡q G m¤cK© iƒc jvf K‡i| †hgb t ¯qs Ôm„RbÕ hv gnvb Avj−vni Dci m„ó wel‡qi Aw —‡Z¡i wbf©ikxjZv‡K eySvq Ges hw` G m¤cK©‡K (m„wóKZ©v I m„wó wel‡qi hyMcr m¤cK©) we‡ePbv bv Kiv nq, Z‡e G ai‡bi fvev_© Avgv‡ì n —MZ nq bv|

cÖfy Ges m„ó wel‡qi g‡a¨ we‡eP¨ m¤cK©mg~n‡K msÁvwqZ Kiv hvq bv| Z‡e, GK `„wó‡KvY †_‡K H ¸‡jv‡K `yÕ‡kªYx‡Z wef³ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i t * G AvqvZwU GKvwaKevi cweÎ †Kviv‡b G‡m‡Q|

GK †kªYxi m¤cK© Av‡Q, †h¸‡jv cÖfy Ges m„ó wel‡qi g‡a¨ cÖZ¨¶iƒ‡c we‡eP¨| †hgb t Aw —Z¡ `vb, m„wó, Af~Zc~e© m„wó BZ¨vw`| Aci GK †kªYxi m¤cK© nj, hv Ab¨ †Kvb m¤c‡K©i cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z we‡eP¨| †hgb t wiRK& (Abœ vb )| KviY me©v‡MÖ AbœMªnYKvixi Aw —Z¡‡K, H mKj Dcv`vb †h¸‡jv †_‡K †m i“hx MÖnY K‡i †m¸‡jvi mv‡_ we‡ePbv KiZt cÖfyi c¶ †_‡K †h Zv (i“hx) cÖ`Ë n‡q _v‡K, †mUv we‡ewPZ n‡q _v‡K| Avi †KejgvÎ ZLB Abœ vZv ( 6=�� ) I cÖK…Z Abœ vZvi ( 6��=�) aviYv AwR©Z nq| GgbwK KL‡bv KL‡bv GgbI n‡Z cv‡i †h, cÖfyi wµqvMZ ¸‡Yi aviYv AwR©Z nIqvi c~‡e©B ¯qs m„wóKz‡ji g‡a¨ GKvwaK m¤cK© we‡ePbvq Av‡m| Aztci H ¸‡jvi m¤cK©‡K gnvb Avj−vni mv‡_ m¤cwK©Z Kiv nq, A_ev cÖfy I m„ó wel‡qi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb GKvwaK Avw` m¤c‡K©i djkª“wZ¯iƒc †Kvb m¤cK©iƒ‡c we‡ewPZ n‡q _v‡K| †hgb t ¶gv +�)>( ) hv cÖfyi wewaMZ ev Awba©vwiZ cÖfyZ¡ (�� 1�*�*�), Kvh©Kix AvBb cÖYqb Ges ev›`vi Aeva¨Zvi mv‡_ m¤cK©hy³ |

AZGe cÖfyi wµqvMZ ¸Yvejx m¤c‡K© Rvb‡Z n‡j gnvb cÖfy I Zvi m„ó RM‡Zi g‡a¨ Zzjbv KiZt GZ™¢‡qi g‡a¨ GKcÖKvi m¤cK©‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z cÖfy I m„ó wel‡qi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb wØcvw¶K m¤c‡K©i Zvrch© Abyaveb Kiv hvq| G „wó‡KvY †_‡K D‡j−wLZ wØcvw¶K m¤cK©‡K ev` w`‡q ïaygvÎ cÖfyi cweÎ mËv‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡j wµqvMZ ¸Yvejxi „óvš— cvIqv hv‡e bv| Avi GUvB nj cÖfyi mËvMZ ¸Yvejx I wµqvMZ ¸Yvejxi g‡a¨ g~j cv_©K¨|

Z‡e BwZc~‡e© ‡hgbwU D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q ‡h, wµqvMZ ¸Ymg~n‡K Zv‡ì Dr‡mi wfwË‡Z we‡ePbv Ki‡j, Zviv mËvMZ ¸‡Y cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡i| †hgb t m„wóKZ©v‡K hw` Ôm„wó Ki‡Z m¶gÕ Ggb KvD‡K †evSv‡bvi †¶‡Î we‡ePbv Kiv nq Z‡e Zv ¶gZv bvgK ¸‡Yi w`‡K wd‡i hvq A_ev kªeY I `k©b hw` ÔkªeY‡hvM¨ I `k©b‡hvM¨ welq m¤c‡K© ÁvZÕ A‡_© eëüZ nq , Z‡e Zv cÖÁv bvgK ¸‡Yi w`‡K cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡i |

Aciw`‡K mËvMZ ¸‡Yi Aš—fy©³ †Kvb †Kvb fvev_© m¤Üm~PK ev wµqvg~jK A‡_© we‡ewPZ nq Ges G Ae ’vq H¸‡jv wµqvMZ ¸Y e‡j cwiMwYZ nq| †hgb t cweÎ †Kviv‡b wewfbœ cÖm‡½ cÖÁv (� /) kãwU wµqvMZ ¸‡Yi †¶‡Î eëüZ n‡q‡Q| 1 GLv‡b GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq ¯§iY Kiv mgxPxb e‡j g‡b KiwQ| wb‡gœ Zv ewY©Z nj t

hLb cÖfy I e ‘MZ Aw —‡Z¡i g‡a¨ †Kvb m¤cK©‡K we‡ePbv Kiv nq Ges Gi wfwË‡Z gnvb Avj−vni R‡b¨ we‡kl wµqvMZ ¸‡Yi aviYvi cÖKvk N‡U, ZLb D‡j−wLZ ¸Y, e ‘MZ Aw —Z¡mg~n, †h¸‡jv (wØcvw¶K) m¤c‡K©i GK c‡¶i f~wgKvq Ae ’vb K‡i, Zv‡ì mv‡_ m¤‡Üi wfwË‡Z ’vb I Kv‡ji kZ©vaxb n‡q c‡o| Z‡e (wØcvw¶K ) m¤c‡K©i Acic¶, gnvb Avj−vni mv‡_ m¤‡Üi wfwË‡Z (D‡j−wLZ ¸Y¸‡jv) G ai‡bi (Dc‡i ewY©Z) †Kvb kZ© I mxgve×Zv †_‡K gy³ _vK‡e|

D`vniY¯iƒc, AbœMÖvnK‡K Abœ vb, †Kvb GK we‡kl ’vb I Kv‡j m¤cbœ n‡q _v‡K| wKš‘ G kZ© ‡jvcÖK…Zc‡¶ AbœMÖvnK-Aw —‡Z¡i mv‡_ mswk−ó-Abœ vZvi mv‡_ bq| Avi cÖfyi cweÎ mËv †Kvb cÖKvi ¯’vb I Kv‡ji kZ© †_‡K cweÎ|

GwU GKwU AwZ m~¶¥ e¨vcvi Ges gnvb Avj−vni wewfbœ ¸Y I Kg© Kv‡Êi cwiwPwZi †¶‡Î A‡bK mgm¨v mgvav‡bi PvweKvwV¯iƒc, †h¸‡jv m¤c‡K© wewfbœ ZvwK©K I gbxlx‡ì 1| h_v t m~iv evKviv- 187 ,235; Avbdvj -66, dvZ&n - 18,27; AvjBgivb-140,142; gvwq`vn& -74; ZIevn-& 16; gyn¤g` (mt)- 31 BZ¨vw`|

g‡a¨ Zxeª gZwe‡iva m„wó n‡q‡Q| m„Rb¶gZv t

mg¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡mg~‡ni DrcwËi †¶‡Î, cÖviw¤¢K KviYiƒ‡c Awbevh© Aw —‡Zi cÖgv‡Yi ci Ges m¤¢ve¨ Aw —Z¡mg~n ¯^xq Aw¯—‡Z¡i R‡b¨ me©`v H Awbevh© Aw¯—‡Zî^ Dci wbf©ikxj GUv we‡ePbvi ci, Awbevh© Aw —‡Z¡i R‡b¨ Ôm„Rb¶gZvÕ Ges m¤¢ve¨ Aw ————‡Z¡i R‡b¨ Ôm„wRZÕ ¸Y wn‡m‡e cÖKvk cvq| m„wóKZv©i aviYv, hv Aw —‡Z¡i G wØcvw¶K m¤c‡K©i wfwË‡Z cÖKvk cvq, Zv Aw —Z¡ vbKvix Kvi‡Yi ev Aw —‡Z¡ AvbqbKvixi mgvb Ges mKj mg¢ve¨ I wbf©ikxj Aw —Z¡ Zvui mv‡_ m¤cK©hy³c¶ wn‡m‡e Ôm„wRZÕ e‡j ¸YvwšZ n‡q _v‡K |

Z‡e KL‡bv KL‡bv m„Rb (6 " ) kãwU, wKQyUv mxgve× A‡_© eëüZ n‡q _v‡K Ges ïaygvÎ H mKj Aw —‡Z¡i mv‡_B mswk−ó nq, hviv cÖviwg¢K e ‘ †_‡K Aw —Z¡ jvf K‡i‡Q| Avi Gi wecix‡Z ÔAf~Zc~e©m„wóÕ ( ?�%*� ) bvgK Aci GK fvev_©, hv H mKj Aw —Z¡ hviv †Kvb cÖv_wgK e ‘ †_‡K Aw —Z¡cÖvc— bq, Zv‡ì †¶‡Î eëüZ n‡q _v‡K (†hgb t wbe© ‘Kmg~n Ges cÖviwg¢K e —ymg~n)| Avi Giƒ‡c Aw —Z¡ vb-m„wóKiY (6 ") I Af~Zc~e© m„wóKiY (?�%*�), G yÕfv‡M wef³ n‡q _v‡K|

hv ‡nvK, Avj−vn KZ…©K m„wóKiY, gvbyl KZ…©K GKvwaK e ‘i mgš‡q †Kvb K…wÎg m„wói gZ bq †h, MwZ Ges ˆ`wnK A½ - cÖZ¨‡½i mÂvj‡bi Dci wbf©ikxj n‡e Ges MwZ ÔwµqvÕ bv‡g I Gi d‡j AwR©Z welq Ôwµqvi djÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ n‡e | Abyiƒc , Ggb bq †h,m„wóKiY GK e¨vcvi Avi Ôm„ówelqÕ Ab¨ e¨vcvi| KviY gnvb Avj−vn e ‘MZ MwZ I e ‘MZ êwkó¨ †_‡K cweÎ| hw` Ôm„wóKiYÕ m„ó mËvi Dci ewZ©Z AwZwi³ †Kvb ¯Zš¿ „óvš— (6�%2) nZ, Z‡e Zv Ôm¤¢ve¨ Aw —ZÕ I Ôm„ó welqmg~‡niÕ g‡a¨ GKwU e‡j cwiMwYZ nq| d‡j Gi (m„wóKi‡Yi) m„wó m¤ú‡K© GKvwaK e³‡eï cybive„wË NUZ| A_P wµqvMZ ¸‡Yi msÁvq ejv n‡q‡Q †h, G ai‡bi ¸Y cÖfy I m„ó wel‡qi m¤cK©‡K we‡ePbv K‡i †evaMg¨ n‡q _v‡K| Avi G m¤cK© eyw×e„wËi gva¨‡g Abyaveb‡hvM¨| cÖwZcvjb¶gZv t

we‡kl K‡i mªóv Ges m„ó wel‡qi g‡a¨ †h m¤c‡K©i K_v D‡j−L Kiv nq, Zv nj t m„ó welqmg~n ïaygvÎ g~j Aw —Z^ I DrcwËi R‡b¨B Avj−vni Dci wbf©ikxj bq; eis mg — Aw —‡Z¡i R‡b¨B gnvb cÖfyi Dci wbf©ikxj Ges †Kvb cÖKv‡iB ¯vaxb bq | gnvb cÖfy †hfv‡eB B”Qv K‡ib, †mfv‡eB m„ó wel‡qi Dci cÖfve we —vi K‡ib Ges wZwbB H¸‡jvi hveZxq wel‡q ZZ¡veavb K‡i _v‡Kb |

hLb G m¤cK©‡K mvgwMÖKfv‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq ZLb cÖwZcvjb ¶gZvi aviYv cvIqv hvq, hvi djkª“wZ nj ZZveavb Ges Gi „óvb— A‡bK| †hgb t i¶v , cwiPh©v, Rxeb`vb I g„Zz `vb, Abœ vb, weKvk I DrK‡l© †cŠuQv‡bv, c_ cÖ k©b Ges Av‡`k-wb‡l‡ai welqiƒ‡c ’vb `vb BZ¨vw`|

cÖKiY‡f‡` cÖwZcvj‡bi ch©vq¸‡jv‡K yÕ†kªYx‡Z wef³ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i mywba©vwiZ I wewaMZ |

mywba©vwiZ cÖwZcvjb (�� 1�*�*�) mKj m„ó welq I H ¸‡jvi cÖ‡qvRb I Pvwn`v‡K c~iY Z_v mgMÖ wek cwiPvjbv‡K mgwšZ K‡i| Avi wewaMZ cÖwZcvjb (�� 1�*�*�) ïaygvÎ m‡PZb I B”Qvi AwaKvix Aw —‡Z¡i R‡b¨ wbw ©ó Ges Hkx wKZvemg~n I bex-ivm~j †cÖiY, `vwqZ¡ wba©viY I Av‡`k - wb‡la cÖYq‡bi mv‡_ mswk−ó |

myZivs cÖfyi wbisKyk cÖwZcvjb ¶gZvi A_© nj t m„ó welqmg~n Zv‡ì Aw —‡Z¡i mKj ——‡iB gnvb cÖfyi Dci wbf©ikxj Ges Zv‡ì cvi¯cwiK †h wbf©©ikxjZv, cwi‡k‡l Zvi

cwimgvwß gnvb m„wóKZ©v‡ZB N‡U| wZwbB †m mËv, whwb Zvui m„wói GK Ask w`‡q Aci Ask‡K ZË¡veavb K‡ib, AbœMÖvnK‡K m„ó Abœ †_‡K Abœ `vb K‡ib, m‡PZb I eyw×e„wËK mËv‡K Avf¨š—ixY gva¨g (†hgb t AvK¡j ev eyw×e„wË Ges Ab¨vb¨ †evakw³) Ges evwn¨K gva¨g (†hgb t bexMY I Hkx wKZvemg~n) `viv c_wb‡ ©k K‡ib Ges gvby‡li R‡b¨ bxwZ cÖYqb, `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ wba©viY K‡ib|

cÖwZcvjbI m„Rb¶gZvi gZ m¤Üxq (��@) fvev_©hy³| Z‡e cv_©K¨ nj GB †h, cÖwZcvj‡bi wewfbœ †¶‡Î m„wói g‡a¨ we`¨gvb we‡kl m¤cK©‡KI we‡ePbv Kiv nq, hv wih&K cÖm‡½ Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q |

cÖwZcvjb I m„R‡bi A‡_©i Av‡jv‡K Ges Zv‡ì m¤Ühy³ nIqv †_‡K ¯cóZtB cÖZxqgvb nq †h, G yÕwU ¸Y ci¯ci IZ‡cÖvZfv‡e m¤cK©hy³| Avi GUv Am¤¢e †h, we‡ki cÖwZcvjK Gi m„wóKZ©vwfbœ Ab¨ †KD n‡eb, eis wZwbB n‡eb G we‡ki cwiPvjK I i¶vKZ©v, whwb G mKj m„wó‡K mZš¿ êwkó¨ mnKv‡i Ges cvi¯c‡ii Dci wbf©ikxj K‡i m„wó K‡i‡Qb| cÖK…Zc‡¶ cÖwZcvjb¶gZv, cwiPvjb¶gZvi Zvrch©,m„wó cÖwµqv I m„ó wel‡qi g‡a¨ we`¨gvb msnwZ †_‡K cÖKvk jvf K‡i| cÖfyZ¡t

Bjvn I Djywnq¨v‡Zi (1��!� ) miƒc m¤c‡K© wPb—vwe`M‡Yi g‡a¨ GKvwaK e³e¨ cÖPwjZ, hv †Kviv‡bi wewfbœ Zvdwmi MÖ‡š’ we`¨gvb | †h A_©wU Avgv‡ì g‡Z me©vwaK MªnY‡hvM¨ Zv nj t Bjvn& (A!� ) A_© Dcvm¨ A_ev AvbyMZ¨ I Dcvmbvi †hvM¨ | †hgb t eB‡qi A_© nj †jL¨ Ges hv wjLb‡hvM¨Zv iv‡L |

G A_©vbymv‡i Djywnq¨vZ nj Ggb GK ¸Y, hvi aviYv jv‡fi R‡b¨ ev›`vM‡Yi Dcvmbv I AvbyMZ¨‡KI we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| hwÌ c_åóiv wg_¨v gvÕey ¸‡jv‡K wb‡R‡ì Dcvmïƒ‡c wbe©vPb K‡i‡Q, Zey wZwbB n‡jb cÖK…Z Dcvmbv I AvbyM‡Zï †hvM¨ Ñ whwb Zv‡ì m„wóKZ©v I cÖwZcvjK| wekv‡mi G b~ bZg mxgv, hv Avcb cÖfyi cÖwZ mKj ev›`viB _vKv Avek¨K| A_©vr gnvb Avj−vn‡K Awbevh© Aw —Z¡, m„wóKvix, we‡ki mwbf©i cwiPvjK wn‡m‡e wPbvi cvkvcvwk Zvu‡K Dcvmbv I AvbyM‡Zï †hvM¨ wn‡m‡eI Rvb‡Z n‡e| Avi G Kvi‡YB Bmjvg '� �� A!�( �) A_v©r Avj−vn Qvov †Kvb Bjvn †bB, G aŸwb‡K ¯^xq †k−vMvbiƒ‡c wbe©vPb K‡i‡Q|

Ab¨vb¨ wµqvMZ ¸Yvejx f~wgKv t

Kvjvgkv‡ ¿i GKwU RwUjZg welq nj cÖfyi B”Qv ev cÖZ¨q (C%��)| wewfbœœ w`K †_‡K G welqwU Av‡jvPbv I gZwe‡ivac~Y© welq iƒ‡c cwiMwYZ| †hgb t B”Qv ev cÖZ¨q wK mËvMZ ¸Y, bv wµqvMZ ¸Y? cÖvPxb (��%� ) , bv m„ó ( )D%�. ? GKZ, bv eûZ ? BZ¨vw`|

GZ`m‡ZI `k©bkv‡ ¿ ÔP~ovš— cÖZ¨q ev B”QvÕ wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU wel‡qi AeZviYv n‡q‡Q, we‡klK‡i cÖfyi B”Qv m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q |

GUv Ab¯xKvh© †h, G eB‡qi ¶y ª K‡je‡i G welqwU m¤ú‡K© we —vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv hyw³hy³ n‡e bv | myZivs cÖvi‡¤¢B B”Qv ev cÖZ¨‡qi Zvrch© Zz‡j aie | AZtci Avj−vni B”Qv m¤c‡K© msw¶ß Av‡jvPbvq g‡bvwb‡ek Kie | B”Qv ev cÖZ¨q t

B”Qv ev cÖZ¨q (C%��) kãwU cÖPwjZ fvlvq Kgc‡¶ yÕwU A‡_© eënƒZ nq t GKwU nj ÔcQ›` KivÕ Avi AciwU nj Ô†Kvb KvR Kivi wm×vš— †bqvÕ|

cÖ_g A_©wU wel‡qi wfwË‡Z AZ¨š— e¨vcK Ges ev —e e —ymg~n‡K cQ›`KiY1, e¨w³MZ Kvh©Kjvc Ges Ac‡ii Kvh©Kjvc‡KI mgwbZ K‡i| wØZxq A_©wU nj Gi e¨wZµg, hv ïaygvÎ ¯¦qs e¨w³mswk−ó Kvh©Kjv‡ci †¶‡ÎB cÖ‡hvR¨ |

Biv`v kãwU cÖ_g A‡_© cQ›` )�� ( hwÌ gvby‡li †¶‡Î bd‡mi Kvgbviƒ‡c cwiMwYZ nq Zey eyw×e„wË Gi NvUwZc~Y© w`K¸‡jv‡K wb®‹vkb K‡i GKwU mvaviY A_©‡K n —MZ Ki‡Z cv‡i, hvi cwimxgv e —yMZ mËv †_‡K ïi“ K‡i gnvb Avj−vn ch©š— we —„Z n‡Z cv‡i| ‡hgbwU Áv‡bi †¶‡ÎI cÖ‡hvR¨ | Avi G „wó‡KvY †_‡K cQ›` (-E.), hv mxq mËv m¤c‡K© cÖfyi cQ›`‡KI mgwbZ K‡i, Zv‡K mËvMZ ¸Yiƒ‡c MYbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

AZGe, hw` cÖfyi ÔBiv`vÕ ev (B”Qv) ej‡Z c~Y©Zv‡K cQ›` Kiv eySvq, hv cÖ_g ch©v‡q cÖfyi Amxg c~Y©Zv mswk−ó nq Ges cieZ©x ch©v‡q Ab¨vb¨ Aw —Z^gq, hviv cÖKvivš—‡i cÖfyi c~Y©ZviB wb`k©b, Zv‡ì‡K mgwb^Z K‡i Z‡e Zv (Biv`v) mËvMZ ¸Y iƒ‡c cwiMwYZ n‡Z cv‡i| Avi ZLb Ab¨vb¨ mËvMZ ¸‡Yi gZB Biv`v‡KI cÖvPxb (��%�) GKK Ges cÖfyi cweÎ mËvi Awfbœ iƒc e‡j g‡b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i | wKš— ÔBiv`vÕ (w`Zxq A‡_©) Kg©m¤cv`‡b wm×vš— †bqv A‡_© wbtm‡›`‡n wµqvMZ ¸‡Yi Aš—fy©³ n‡e, hv m„ó welq mswk−ó nIqvi †¶‡Î Kv‡ji k‡Z© Ave× nq -†hgbwU cweÎ †Kviv‡b G†m‡Q |

� %�� C�� :F� �� A! ��&�� Zvi e¨vcvi ïay GB, wZwb hLb †Kvb wKQyi B”Qv K‡ib, wZwb Zv‡K e‡jb ÔnIÕ d‡j Zv n‡q hvq (myiv Bqvwmb Ñ 82)| Z‡e g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, gnvb Avj−vn wµqvMZ ¸Yvejx ¸Yvwš¦Z, Zv G A‡_© bq †h, Zvi

mËvq †Kvb cwieZ©b mvwaZ n‡q‡Q A_ev †Kvb DcRvZ (4��/) Zvi RvZ ev mËvq 1| †hgb G AvqvZ kix‡d D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q ��+�� , � �� -� �,��

Ñ †Zvgiv Kvgbv Ki cvw_©e m¤c` Avi Avj−vn Pvb ci‡jv‡Ki Kj¨vY (m~iv Avbdvj-67)|

ms‡hvwRZ n‡q‡Q | eis G A‡_© †h, wbw ©ó k‡Z© I we‡kl „wó‡KvY †_‡K cÖfymËv I Zvui m„wói g‡a¨ GKwU m¤cK©‡K we‡ePbv Kiv nq Ges we‡kl GK m¤c‡K©i fvev_©‡K cÖfyi wµqvMZ ¸Y wnmv‡e MYbv Kiv nq |

ÔBiv`viÕ †¶‡Î G m¤cK©‡K we‡ePbv Kiv nq †h,mKj m„ó welqB †h „wó‡KvY †_‡K c~Y©Zv, m¦v”Q›`¨ I Kj¨v‡Yi AwaKvix †m `„wó‡KvY †_‡KB m„ó n‡q‡Q| AZGe, Zvi Aw¯—Z¦ we‡kl ’vb I Kvj A_ev we‡kl Ae ’v, cÖfyi cQ›` I Áv‡bi Aax‡b n‡q‡Q Ges gnvb Avj−vn ‡m¦”Qvq

Zv‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb ÑÑ Ab¨ Kv‡iv KZ©„K eva¨ n‡q bq| G m¤cK© we‡ePbvi d‡j Biv`v bvgK GK m¤¦Ühy³ fvev_© cÖKvk jvf K‡i, hv mxgve× I kZ©vaxb †Kvb e ‘i mswk−ó n‡j mxgve× I kZ©vaxb n‡q _v‡K Ges G m¤¦Ühy³ fvev_©B ZLb m„wRZ (D�%.) I eûZ¦ (1�G�) e‡j ¸Yvwb¦Z n‡q _v‡K| KviY m¤¦Ü (A��@�), `yÕc‡¶i (��H) Aaxb n‡q _v‡K Ges m„wRZ (D�%.) I eûZ¦ (1�G�) nj yÕc‡¶i g‡a¨ GKc¶| Gw`K †_‡K D‡j−wLZ êwkó¨mg~n (mxgve× I kZ©vaxb )m¤¦‡Üi †¶‡ÎI cÖ‡hvR¨ nIqvB hyw³msMZ | cÖÁv t

ÔBiv`viÕ Dc‡iv³ e¨vL¨v †_‡K BwZg‡a¨B my cóiƒ‡c cÖZxqgvb n‡q‡Q †h, cÖfyi G Biv`v ev B”Qv A_©nxb I cwiKíbvwenxb †Kvb Kg©‡K Aš—fy©³ K‡i bv| eis hv wKQy g~jZt cÖfyi Biv`vi Aš—fy©³ nq ZvB e ‘i c~Y©Zv I Kj¨v‡Yi KviY n‡q _v‡K| †h‡nZz e ‘mgwói GK Ask Aci As‡ki ¶wZi KviY nq †m‡nZz cÖfyi c~Y©ZvcÖxwZi `vex nj m„wóKzj Ggbfv‡e Aw —Z¦gvb n‡e †h, mgwóMZ Kj¨vY I c~Y©Zvi jw× me©vwaK n‡e| Gai‡bi m¤cK©mg~n‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡j Kj¨vY bvgK fvev‡_©i mÜvb †g‡j| bZyev Kj¨vY )1. 2( m„wóKy‡ji Aw —Z¦ †_‡K Ggb †Kvb m¦vaxb welq bq †h Zv‡ì we`¨gvbZvq †Kvb cÖfve†dj‡e| myZivs GUv wKQy‡ZB m¤¢e bq †h, Zv cÖfyi Biv`vq cÖfve †dj‡e |

AZGe Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB, ‡h‡nZz cÖfyi wµqv Zuvi mËv¸Y (†hgb t Ávb, ¶gZv, c~Y©Zv I Kj¨vYcÖxwZ) †_‡K DrmvwiZ, †m‡nZz me© v Giƒ‡c ev —evwqZ nq hLb Zv Kj¨vYKi nq| A_©vr m„ó welq me©vwaK Kj¨vY I c~Y©Zvi AwaKvix n‡e| Avi G ai‡bi Biv`v ev B”Qv‡KB cÖÁvc~Y© Biv`v ejv n‡q _v‡K| GLv‡b gnvb Avj−vni R‡b¨ Kvh©‡¶‡Î cÖÁv bvgK Aci GKwU ¸‡Yi ewntcÖKvk N‡U, hv Ab¨vb¨ wµqvMZ ¸‡Yi gZB cÖfyi mËvMZ ¸‡Yi w`‡K cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡i |

Z‡e g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, Kj¨v‡Yi R‡b¨ Kg©m¤cv`‡bi A_© Gbq †h, Kj¨vYB nj cÖfyi R‡b¨ P~ovš— KviY| eis Zv GK ai‡bi †MŠY I Aat —b D‡Ïk¨ e‡j cwiMwYZ nq | Aciw`‡K Kg© m¤cv`‡bi R‡b¨ P~ovš— KviY nj, †m Abš—mËvMZ c~Y©Zvi AbyivM, hv Avbymw½Kfv‡e Zvi djkÖ“wZ A_©vr Aw —Z¦gq welqmg~‡ni c~Y©Zv‡KI mgwš¦Z K‡i| Avi G R‡b¨B ejv nq, cÖfyi Kg©Kv‡Êi R‡b¨ ‡m KZ„©KviYB nj P~ovš— KviY Ges gnvb Avj−vn Zvui mËv ewntf~©Z †Kvb D‡Ïk¨ I AvKv•Lv †cvlY K‡ib bv| Z‡e m„ó wel‡qi c~Y©Zv, m¦v”Q›`¨ I Kj¨vY, ‡MŠY D‡Ïk¨ ev Aat —b D‡Ïk¨ e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡jI Zv D‡j−wLZ welqwUi mv‡_ †Kvb we‡iva iv‡Lbv| Avi G R‡b¨B cÖfyi Kg©KvÊ m¤c‡K© cweÎ †Kviv‡b Ggb mKj welq‡K KviYiƒ‡c wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡KiB g~‡j i‡q‡Q m„ó wel‡qi c~Y©Zv I Kj¨vY| 1 †hgb t cix¶xZ nIqv, m‡ev©rK…ó 1| myiv û` Ñ7; KvndÑ 7; g~jK Ñ 2; hvwiqvZÑ 56, 23; û`Ñ 108,119; RvwmqvnÑ23; Av‡j Bgivb Ñ15; ZIevnÑ 72|

Kg©mg~n‡K wbe©vPb, Avj−vni `vmZ¦ Kiv Ges cÖfyi we‡kl I Acwimxg AbyMÖ‡ni AwaKvix nIqv BZ¨vw`‡K gvbe m„wói D‡Ïkïƒ‡c eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡KB h_vµ‡g Ac‡ii cÖviw¤¢Kv

)A%&( | cÖfyi fvlv t

gnvb Avj−vni Dci Av‡ivwcZ fvev_©mg~‡ni g‡a¨ GKwU nj K‡_vcK_b ev Kvjvg )�5�( | cÖfyi K‡_vcK_b m¤c‡K©, cÖvPxbKvj †_‡KB Kvjvgkv ¿we`M‡Yi g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbv

cªPwjZ wQj| Kw_Z Av‡Q ÔKvjvgkv ¿Õ bvgKi‡Yi KviYI nj GUvB †h, G kv‡ ¿i cwÊZMY cÖfyi fvlv ev Kvjvg m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Zb| Avkv‡qixiv GUv‡K mËvMZ ¸Y Ges gyÕZv‡hjxiv wµqvMZ ¸Y e‡j g‡b Ki‡Zb| G yÕ`‡ji g‡a¨ we‡ivac~Y© welqmg~‡ni g‡a¨ GKwU nj D‡j−wLZ welqwU | ejv nq †Kvivb †h, Avj−vni Kvjvg ev fvlv, Zv wK m„ó, bv m„ó bq ? Avi G welqwUi R‡b¨ GgbwK ci¯ci ci¯ci‡K Kv‡di ch©š— AvL¨v w`‡q‡Qb!

mËvMZ I wµqvMZ ¸Yvejxi msÁvi Av‡jv‡K mn‡RB eyS‡Z cviv hvq †h, K‡_vcK_b nj wµqvMZ ¸Yvejxi Aš—f©~³, hv‡K Abyave‡bi R‡b¨ Ggb GK †kªvZv‡KI we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e, whwb e³vi D‡Ïk¨‡K kã kªe‡Yi gva¨‡g ev wjwLZ Ae ’vq †`Lvi gva¨‡g A_ev m¦xq gw —‡®‹ †Kvb fvev_© Abyave‡bi gva¨‡g wKsev Ab¨ †Kvbfv‡e eyS‡Z cv‡ib| cÖK…Zc‡¶ G fvev_©wU cÖfy (whwb GK mZ¨‡K Kv‡iv Kv‡Q cÖKvk Ki‡Z Pvb) Ges †kªvZvi (whwb H mZ¨‡K Abyaveb K‡ib) m¤cK© †_‡K cÖKvk jvf K‡i (hv wµqvMZ ¸‡Yi cÖgvYen)| wKš‘ hw` K‡_vcK_‡bi R‡b¨ Ab¨ †Kvb A_©‡K we‡ePbv Kiv nq; h_v t K_b¶gZv, e³‡eï mvieËv m¤c‡K© Ávb, Gai‡bi A‡_©i w`‡K wdwi‡q †`qv nq, Z‡e G Ae ’vq G ¸YwU (K‡_vcK_b ) c~‡e©v‡j−wLZ †Kvb †Kvb wµqvMZ ¸‡Yi gZB mËvMZ ¸‡Yi w`‡K cÖZ¨veZ©b Ki‡e |

wKš‘ ‡KvivÕb ej‡Z Av¶wiK wjwc ev kãmgwó ev gw —‡®‹ we`¨gvb fvev_©mg~n A_ev Zvi (‡KvivÕ‡bi) †R¨vwZg©q I wbe© ‘K ev —eiƒc‡K eySv‡bv n‡j , Zv m„ó welq e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡e| Z‡e hw` †KD Avj−vni mËvMZ Ávb‡K †Kviv‡bi ev —eiƒc e‡j g~j¨vqb K‡i _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j Zvi cÖZ¨veZ©b cÖfyi mËvMZ ¸Y Áv‡bi w`‡K NU‡e | wKš‘ G ai‡bi e¨vL¨v me©Rb m¦xK…Z bq e‡j cwiZ¨vR¨ | mZëvw`Zv t

cÖfyi K_b hw` Av‡`k, wb‡la I cÖkœ‡evaK nq, Z‡e Zv ev›`vM‡Yi KZ©e¨‡K wb‡ ©k K‡i _v‡K Ges ZLb Zvi Dci mZ¨ ev wg_¨v Av‡ivwcZ nq bv| wKš‘ hw` cÖfyi K_b wee„wZg~jK nq, hv ev —e Aw —Z¦mg~n A_ev cieZ©x I c~e©eZ©x NUbvcÖevn m¤c‡K© msev` enb K‡i Z‡e Zv mZ¨ e‡j Awfwl³ nq| †hgb cweÎ †KvivÕ‡b ejv n‡q‡Q t

F�G�%. '� � 6%2� �� ‡K Avj−vn A‡c¶v AwaK mZëv`x (myiv wbmvÑ 87) ? myZivs †KDB H¸‡jv‡K †Kvb ARynv‡ZB AMÖvn¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|

cÖm½µ‡g D‡j−L‡hvM¨ †h, Av‡jvP¨ ¸Y, wek¦`„wói †MŠY welq¸‡jv‡K Ges AwaKvsk gZv`k©MZ welq‡K cÖwZcv`b Kivi R‡b¨ Aci GK †kªYxi hyw³i (wek¦vm I wee„wZg~jK) êaZv `vb K‡i|

D‡j−wLZ ¸YwUi cÖgv‡Yi R‡b¨, we‡kl K‡i †h eyw×e„wËK hyw³wUi AeZviYv Kiv hvq Zv nj t

cÖfyi K_v ejv, cÖwZcvjK‡Z¦i gh©v`vq Ges Ávb I cÖÁvi wfwË‡Z, gvbyl I wek¦RM‡Zi cwiPvjbvi †¶‡Î, m„ó wel‡qi R‡b¨ c_wb‡ ©kbvi I mwVK cwiwPwZi †¶Î cÖ —y‡Zi R‡b¨ Acwinvh©| hw` Gi e¨wZµg nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K Z‡e ewY©Z welq¸‡jvi †Kvb wek¦ —Zv _vK‡e bv | KviY Zv D‡Ï‡kï e¨wZµg I cªÁvi cwicš’x|

wePz wZi KviYmg~‡ni ch©‡jvPbv f~wgKv t

cÖ_g cv‡V cwi „ó n‡q‡Q †h, wek „wómg~n‡K yÕwU mvwe©K †kªYx‡Z wef³ Kiv hvq ÑHkwiK I e —yev`x| GZ™¢‡qi g‡a¨ ¸i“Z^c~Y© cÖ‡f` nj, me©Á I gnvcivµgkvjx m„wóKZ©vi Aw —Z¡ m¤c‡K© | cÖK…Zc‡¶ HkwiK wek „wó GK †gŠwjK wfwËiƒ‡c m„wóKZ©vi Aw —‡Z¡i wekvm †_‡K iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i | Aciw`‡K e ‘MZ wek „wó G wekvm‡K AmxKvi K‡i |

c~e©eZx© cvVmg~‡n, G eB‡qi AvIZvq hZUzKz m¤¢e m„wóKZv©i Aw —Z¡‡K cÖwZcv`b Kiv I Zvui ¸i“Z¡c~Y© ¸Ymg~n A_©vr n uv-†evaK I bv- †evaK Ges mËvMZ I wµqvMZ ¸Yvejxi eY©bv †`qv n‡qwQj|

GLb G †gŠwjK wfwËi Dci wekv‡mi „pZv ea©‡bi wbwg‡Ë e ‘ev`x wek „wói wKwÂr mgv‡jvPbvq g‡bvwb‡ek Kie, hv‡Z HkwiK wek „wói Ae ’vb myw ’ZKi‡Yi cvkvcvwk e ‘MZ wek „wói AmviZv I A¶gZv cÖZ¨¶iƒ‡c cÖwZcbœ nq |

G D‡Ï‡k¨ me©cÖ_‡g Hkx`„wófw½ †_‡K wePz¨wZ I bvw¯—K¨`„wófw½i cÖwZ †Suv‡Ki KviY I wbe©vnK m¤c‡K© Av‡jvKcvZ Kie| AZtci e ‘ev`x wek „wói ye©jZg w`K¸‡jvi e¨vL¨v cª vb Kie | wePz wZi KviYmg~n t

gvbeRvwZi BwZnv‡m bvw —KZv I e ‘evw`Zvi GK mycÖvPxb wfwË i‡q‡Q| BwZnvm I cyivZ‡Ë¦i mv¶¨ †_‡K hZUzKz Rvbv hvq, Zv‡Z †`Lv hvq, gvbe mgv‡R m„wóKZ©vi wekvm †hgb eRvq wQj, †Zgwb AwZ cÖvPxbKvj †_‡KB bvw —KäviYvi Abymvix e¨w³ I †MvôxiI mÜvb cvIqv hvq| wKš‘ ag©nxbZvi cÖPjb Aóv`k Lªxóvã †_‡KB BD‡iv‡c Avi¤¢ n‡qwQj Ges DËi DËi Zv we‡ki Ab¨Î we —vi jvf K‡iwQj | m„wóKZ©vi cÖwZ G Av ’vnxbZv MxR©vcwZ‡ì wei“‡× ‡¶vf I cÖwZwµqv †_‡K DrcwË jvf Ki‡jI Ab¨vb¨ ag© I gvhnv‡eI G Zi‡½i †Qvuqv †j‡MwQj | ag©weeR©b cÖeYZv, cvðvZ¨ wkí, cÖ‡KŠkj I cÖhyw³ wb‡q Qwo‡q c‡owQj Ab¨Î| MZ kZvãx‡Z G ag©nxbZv gvK©mev‡ì mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZK aviYv wb‡q AwaKvsk †`‡k Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q, hv wekgvbeZvi R‡b¨ GK gnvwec` |

G wePz wZi DrcwË, ea©b I we —„wZi KviY A‡bK Ges G‡ì me¸‡jvi ch©v‡jvPbvi R‡b¨ GKwU ¯Zb¿ eB‡qi cÖ‡qvRb| Z‡e mvwe©Kfv‡e Z…wea Kvi‡Yi K_v D‡j−L Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i t

1| gvbwmK KviY t ag©nxbZv I bvw —KZvi R‡b¨ `vqx Ggb mKj cÖeYZv gvby‡li g‡a¨ _vK‡Z cv‡i, hvi cÖfve m¤c‡K© mqs e¨w³I AeMZ bq| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ me©v‡MÖ D‡j−L‡hvM¨ nj AvivgwcÖqZv, D`vmxbZv, `vwqZ¡ÁvbnxbZv| A_v©r GKw`‡K †hgb M‡elYv I AbymÜv‡bi gZ kªgmva¨ Kg©, we‡kl K‡i †m mKj wel‡qi R‡b¨ †h¸‡jv‡Z e ‘MZ †Kvb ¯v`- Avb›` †bB, Zv Ajm, AvivgwcÖq, A¶g e¨w³i R‡b¨ KwVb; †Zgwb Aciw`‡K cvkweK mvaxbZvi cÖwZ AvKl©Y, D”Q„•LjZv Ges `vwqZ¡ÁvbnxbZv Aeva¨Zv Zv‡ì‡K HkwiK wek „wó †_‡K weiZ iv‡L| KviY HkxgZev`‡K MÖnY Ges gnvb cÖfyi cÖwZ wekv‡mi d‡j Ab¨ GK †kªYxi wekvm iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i, hvi Awe‡”Q`¨Zv nj mKj ¯vaxb Kg©Kv‡Êi e¨cv‡i gvby‡li `vwqZ civqYZv | Avi G ai‡bi `vwqZ¡civqYZvi `vwe nj, ¯xq Kvgbvi AwaKvsk welq‡K cwiZ¨vM Kiv Ges GK cÖKvi mxgve×Zv‡K MÖnY Kiv | Acic‡¶ G ai‡bi mxgve×Zv‡K MÖnY Kiv D”Q„•Lj cÖeYZvi mv‡_ mgÂm¨c~Y© bq | d‡j G ai‡bi cvkweK B”Qv Ae‡PZbfv‡e n‡jI `vwqZ¡civqYZvi g~‡j AvNv‡Zi KviY Ges m„wóKZ©vi Aw —Z¡‡K AmxKv‡ii g~j | G QvovI wKQy gvbwmK KviY i‡q‡Q hv ag©nxbZ cÖeYZv‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i Ges Ab¨vb¨ Kvi‡Yi cðv‡Z AvÍcÖKvk K‡i |

2| mvgvwRK KviY t †Kvb †Kvb mgv‡R AbvKvw•LZ mvgvwRK cwiw ’wZi m„wó nq Ges agx©q †bZ…e„›` Gi DrcwË I we —v‡i f~wgKv iv‡Lb| G Ae ’vq AwaKvsk gvbyl, hviv eyw×e„wËK wPš—vi †¶‡Î ye©j Ges †Kvb wel‡qi cÖK„Z wePvi-we‡k−l‡Y gva¨‡g msNwVZ NUbvi cªK…Z KviY D`NvU‡b AcviM, Zviv g‡b K‡ib †h, G wek„•Lj Ae ’v ag©xq e¨w³e‡M©i AbycÖ‡e‡ki d‡jB m„wó n‡q‡Q| d‡j Zviv Gi `vwqZ¡fvi Øxb I a‡g©i Dci Ac©Y K‡ib Ges e‡jb †h, ag©wekvmmg~nB G ai‡bi AbvKvw•LZ cvwiw ’wZ m„wói KviY| G Kvi‡Y Zviv ag© I gvhnve †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q c‡ob|

G †kªYxi Kvi‡Yi ¯có „óvb—iƒ‡c ‡i‡bmvuhy‡Mi BD‡iv‡ci mvgvwRK Ae ’vi K_v ¯§iY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| ag©xq, ivR‰bwZK I bvMwiK AwaKv‡ii †¶‡Î Z`vbxš—b MxR©vcwZ‡ì A‡hvM¨ Kg©KvÊB Lªxóev` Ges mvgwMÖKfv‡e ag© I agx©q wel‡qi cÖwZ gvby‡li †¶vf I Amš—wói ¸i“Z^c~Y© KviY|

G ai‡bi Kvi‡Yi cÖwZ we‡klfv‡e j¶¨ ivLv mKj agx©q e¨w³e‡M©i R‡b¨ AZxe cÖ‡qvRb, hv‡Z ¯xq `vwq‡Z¡i ¸i“Z¡ I ¯ck©KvZi cwiw ’wZ m¤c‡K© AwaK m‡PZb n‡Z cv‡ib| Abyiƒc ¯§iY ivL‡Z n‡e †h, Zv‡ì mvgvb¨ fyj-Î“wUB GKwU mgv‡Ri wec_MvwgZv I y ©kvi KviY n‡Z cv‡i|

3| wPš—vMZ KviY t m‡›`n I wØav, hv e¨wËi gw —‡®‹ Av‡m, Zv nq‡Zv Ab¨ Kv‡iv gva¨‡g m„wó nq Ges hyw³ I wPš—vkw³i ye©jZvi d‡j, †m H ¸‡jv‡K LÊb Ki‡Z cv‡i bv | d‡j b~ bZgc‡¶ n‡jI ‡m H m‡š`n Øviv cÖfvweZ n‡q _v‡K Ges Zvi gw —®‹‡K †`v yj¨gvb I Aw¯’wZkxj K‡i _v‡K, hv m‡›`nvZxZ I myw ’Z wekvm m„wó‡Z evav cÖ`vb K‡i |

G †kªYxi KviYmg~nI mqs GKvwaK kvLvq wef³| †hgb t Bw› ªqMÖvn¨Zv wfwËK m‡š`n, Kzms¯‹viv”Qbœ wekvmcÖm~Z m‡›`n, Ace¨vL¨v I ye©j hyw³-djcÖm~Z m‡›`n, AcÖxwZKi NUbv mswk−ó m‡›`n Ñhv‡K cÖfyi cÖÁv I b¨v‡qi cwicš’x e‡j g‡b Kiv nq, êÁvwbK aviYvcÖm~Z m‡›`nÑ hv agx©q wekv‡mi cwicš’x e‡j cwiwPZ Ges agx©q †Kvb †Kvb wewa-weavb m¤c‡K© m‡š`n, we‡kl K‡i ivR‰bwZK I mgvwRK wewa-wb‡la m¤c‡K© m‡›`n|

KL‡bv KL‡bv `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK KviY mgwóMZfv‡e m‡›`n I wØav -ØšØ A_ev A¯xK„wZ I bvw —KZvi KviY n‡q _v‡K | †hgb t KL‡bv KL‡bv GKvwaK gvbwmK RwUjZv I AmsMwZ m‡›`n m„wói †¶Î cÖ —yZ K‡i Ges Ômw›`»Õ bvgK gvbwmK †iv‡Mi m„wó K‡i, hvi djkª“wZ‡Z †Kvb cÖKvi hyw³-cÖgv‡YB †m Zzó nq bv | †hgb t m‡›`ncÖeY e¨w³, Zvi K…ZK‡g©i mwVKZv m¤c‡K© KLbB wbwðZ n‡Z cv‡i bv| D`vniYZt `k `kKeviI hw` cvwb‡Z nvZ †aŠZ K‡i ZviciI ‡m wbwðZ n‡Z cv‡i bv †h, cweÎ n‡q‡Q wKbv ÑhwÌ GKevi †aŠZ KivB cweÎZvi R‡b¨ h‡_ó wQj Ges Z‡ZvwaKevi Acwinvh© wQjbv | wePz¨wZi wbev©nKmg~‡ni wei“‡× msMÖvg t

wePz¨wZi wbev©nK I KviYmg~‡ni wewfbœZv‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡j my¯cóiƒ‡c cÖZxqgvb nq †h, G‡ì cÖwZwUi cÖwZKv‡ii R‡b¨ ¯Zš¿ c×wZ I k‡Z©i cÖ‡qvRb| †hgb t gvbwmK I AvPiYMZ KviY‡K mwVK cwiPh©vi gva¨‡g Ges Avmbœ ¶wZi w`‡K j¶¨ †i‡L cÖwZKvi Ki‡Z n‡e; †hgbwU wØZxq I Z…Zxq cv‡V Øx‡bi AbymÜv‡bi ¸i“Z I G e¨vcv‡i D`vmxbZvi ¶wZ m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q |

Abyiƒc mvgvwRK AcK‡g©i cÖfve‡K cÖwZ‡iva ( G ai‡bi NUbvi DrcwËi wei“‡× Kvh©Ki c`‡¶c †bqvi cvkvcvwk ) Ki‡Z n‡j agx©q e¨w³e‡M©i Î“wUmg~n‡K ag© ‡_‡K c„_K Ki‡Z n‡e| gvbwmK I mvgvwRK Kvi‡Yi cÖfv‡ei cÖwZ j¶¨ ivLvi d‡j b~ bZg G jvfUzKz n‡e †h, e¨w³ Ae‡PZbfv‡e n‡jI G wbe©vnK Øviv ¯ígvÎvq cÖfvweZ n‡e |

Z`byiƒc wPš—vMZ Kvi‡Yi AccÖfve‡K cÖwZ‡iva Kivi R‡b¨ h‡_vchy³ eë ’v MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| we‡klK‡i Kzms¯‹viv”Qbœ wekvm †_‡K mwVK wekvm‡K c„_K Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Øx‡bi wekvmmg~n‡K cÖwZwôZ Kivi R‡b¨ A‡hŠw³K I `ye©j cÖgv‡Yi AeZviYv †_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z n‡e| GKBfv‡e my¯cóiƒ‡c †`Lv‡Z n‡e †h, cÖgv‡Yi ye©jZv, `vweK…Z wel‡qi ye©jZv bq|

GUv ¯có †h, wePz wZi mKj KviY Ges Zv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki wei“‡× msMÖv‡gi Dchy³ c×wZ m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv (G eB‡qi ¶y ª K‡je‡i) h‡_vchy³ bq| d‡j ïaygvÎ bvw —K¨ cÖeYZvi wPš—vMZ KviY I GZ` mswk−ó AbyccwË¸‡jvi DËi `v‡bB Zzó _vKe |

K‡qKwU fyj aviYvi Ac‡bv`b

Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ bq Ggb Aw¯—‡Z¡ wekvm t

†Lv`v cwiwPwZi †¶‡Î GKwU mvaviY fyj aviYv nj †h, Bw› ª‡qi gva¨‡g Abyaveb‡hvM¨ bq Ggb Aw —Z^g‡qi Aw¯—‡Z^ wKiƒ‡c wek^vm Kiv hvq?

G ai‡bi fyj aviYv mij wPš—vi e¨w³‡ì gw —‡®‹ cwijw¶Z nq| Zv‡ì g‡Z Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ bq Ggb e ‘i Aw —Z^ _vKv Am¤¢e| Z‡e Ggb mKj wPš—vweÌ Lyu‡R cvIqv hvq, hviv Zv‡ì wPš—vi wfZ‡K Bw› ª‡qi Dci wfwË K‡i M‡o Zz‡j‡Qb Ges Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ bq Ggb Aw —Z‡K A¯xKvi K‡i‡Qb A_ev Aš—Ztc‡¶ m‡›`nvZxZiƒ‡c kbv³Ki‡Yi Dchy³ bq e‡j g‡b K‡i‡Qb|

G †¶‡Î ejv hvq †h, Bw› ªqvbyf~wZ kix‡ii wewfbœ A½-cÖZ¨‡½i mgš^‡q AwR©Z nq Ges Avgv‡ì cÖwZwU Bw› ªqB ¯xq K‡g©i mv‡_ mswk−ó e ‘MZ welq‡K wbw`©ó kZ©mv‡c‡¶ Abyfe K‡i

_v‡K| d‡j †hgwbK‡i Avkv Kiv hvq bv †h, †PvL kã ïb‡e I KY© ismg~n‡K †`L‡e, †Zgwb GUvI Avkv Kiv DwPrbq †h, Avgv‡ì mgwóMZ Bw› ªqmg~nI mKj cÖKvi Aw —Z‡KB Abyfe Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

KviY cÖ_gZ t e —MZ Aw —Zmg~‡ni g‡aÏ Ggb wKQy Aw —Z^ i‡q‡Q †h¸‡jv Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ bq| †hgb t Avgv‡ì Bw› ªqmg~n AwZ‡e¸bx iwk§, iÄb- iwk§, B‡jK‡Uªv g¨vM‡bwUK Zi½‡K †`L‡Z A¶g |

wØZxqZ t Ggb A‡bK ev —eZv we`¨gvb †h¸‡jv‡K Avgiv Bw› ªq ewnf~©Z Dcv‡q Abyfe K‡i _vwK Ges m‡›`nvZxZ fv‡eB G¸‡jv‡K Avgiv wekvm Kwi ÑhwÌ H¸‡jv Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ welq bq| †hgb t Avgiv fq, fvjevmv A_ev ¯xq B”Qv I wm×vš— m¤c‡K© AeMZ AvwQ Ges m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e H¸‡jvi Aw —Z^‡K ¯xKvi Kwi Ñhw` I G AvwZ¥K welq¸‡jv AvZ¥vi gZB Bw› ª‡qi gva¨‡g Abyfe‡hvM¨ bq| Ggb wK ¯qs AbyfywZI Ae —yMZ I Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ ewnf©~Z welq|

AZGe Bw› ª‡qi gva¨‡g †Kvb welq Abyf~Z bv nIqvi A_©B GUv bq †h, Gi Aw —Z †bB| eis G ai‡bi †Kvb wel‡qi (Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ bq Ggb Aw —Z ) Aw —Z _vKv Amg¢e wKQy bq| m„wóKZ©vi Aw —‡Z¡ wekv‡mi †¶‡Î fxwZ I AÁZvi f~wgKv t

Aci GKwU fyj aviYv, hv †Kvb †Kvb mgvRZvwË‡Ki c¶ †_‡K ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, Zv nj GB †h, †Lv`vi Aw —‡Z wekvmmg~n wec‡ì cÖfve we‡klK‡i, f~wgK¤c, eRªcvZ BZ¨vw` †_‡K DrcwË jvf K‡i‡Q| cÖK…Zc‡¶ gvbyl ¯xq gvbwmK kvwš—i R‡b¨ †Lv`v bvgK GK KvíwbK Aw —Z‡K ('�* ��!�) m„wó K‡i‡Q Ges Zvi Dcvmbvq AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡i‡Q| myZivs G aviYvg‡Z cÖvK…wZK NUbvmg~‡ni DrcwËi KviY Ges H¸‡jv †_‡K wbivc‡` _vK‡Z cvivi c×wZ hZ‡ekx Avwe¯‹„Z n‡e †Lv`vi Aw —‡Z wekvmI ZZUv ye©jZi n‡Z _vK‡e |

gvK©mevwìv AviI evMvogic~Y©Zv mnKv‡i ¯xq cy —Kmg~‡n G welqwU‡K mgvRZË weÁv‡bi AwR©Z welq e‡j D‡j−L K‡i _v‡Kb Ges g~L© e¨w³‡ì‡K cÖZviYv Kivi R‡b¨ GwU GKwU †KŠkjgvÎ e‡j g‡b K‡i _v‡Kb | DË‡i ejv DwPr t

cÖ_gZt G fyjaviYvi Drm nj †Kvb †Kvb mgvRZË¡we‡ì Abygvb Ges Gi mc‡¶ h‡_vchy³†Kvb ZvwËK hyw³ †bB |

wØZxqZt Aaybv A‡bK Ávbx e¨w³B, hviv cÖvK…wZK NUbvi KviY m¤c‡K© Ab¨ mK‡ji †P‡q †ekx AwfÁ wQ‡jb I Av‡Qb Ges GgZve ’vq †Lv`vi Aw —Z m¤c‡K©I Zviv m‡›`nvZxZ I „p wekvm ’vcb Ki‡Zb Ges Ki‡Qb|1 AZGe †Lv`vi Aw —‡Z^ wek^vm †h, fxwZ I AÁZviB dj, GgbwU n‡Z cv‡i bv |

Z…ZxqZt †Kvb †Kvb cÖvK…wZK NUbv †_‡K DrmvwiZ fxwZ I Zv‡ì cÖK„Z KviY m¤c‡K© AÁZvB hw` †Lv`vi Aw —‡Z wekv‡mi KviY n‡qI _v‡K, Z_vwc Zvi A_© G bq †h, †Lv`vfxwZ I AÁZvi m„wó|

1| †hgb t AvB‡bóvBb, gwimb, A¨vj¨vw·m Kvj© I Ab¨vb¨ cÖL¨vZ Ávbx e¨w³MY ‡Lv`vi Aw —Z wk‡ivbv‡g cÖeÜ wj‡L‡Qb |

Ggb A‡bK gvbwmK cÖeYZv Av‡Q, †hgb t †mŠ›`h©wcÖqZv, L¨vwZ jv‡f”Qv BZ¨vw`, hv ZvwË¡K, cÖ‡KŠkwjK I `vk©wbK M‡elYvi KviY n‡q _v‡K | A_P Zv H ¸‡jvi wek —Zv‡K †Kvbfv‡eB ¶wZMÖ — K‡i bv|

PZy_©Zt hw` †KD †Lv`v‡K AÁvZ KviYwewkó welqmg~‡ni Aw —Z^`vZv wn‡m‡e kbv³ K‡i _v‡Kb Ges H¸‡jvi cÖvK…wZK KviY Avwe¯‹„Z nIqvi ci hw` Zv‡ì wekvm ye©j n‡q c‡o Z‡e GUv‡K Zv‡ì wekv‡miB ye©jZv e‡j g‡b Ki‡Z n‡e, hv †Lv`vi Aw —‡Z wekv‡mi A‰eaZvi cÖgvY bq | KviY cÖK…Zc‡¶ RvMwZK wewfbœ NUbvi †¶‡Î †Lv`vi KviYZ , cÖvK…wZK Kvi‡Yi gZ bq I Zv‡ì mvgš—wiK †Kvb KviYI bq | eis G KviYZ mKj Kvi‡Yi D‡aŸ© I mgyØq e ‘MZ Ges Ae ‘MZ Kvi‡Yi Dj‡¤¦ Ae ’vb K‡i | myZivs cÖvK…wZK Kvi‡Yi kbv³KiY ev bv KiY, G‡K MÖnY ev eR©‡bi †¶‡Î ‡Kvb cÖKvi cÖfve †d‡j bv | Kvh©KviYwewa wK GKwU mvwe©K wewa ?

Aci GKwU fyjaviYv, hv †Kvb †Kvb cvðZ¨ wPš—vwe` D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb Zv nj t hw` Kvh©KviY wewai mvwe©KZv †_‡K _v‡K Z‡e †Lv`vi R‡bÏ †Kvb KviY‡K Aek¨B we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| A_P gnvb Avj−vn n‡jb cÖviw¤¢K KviY, hvi Aw —Z †Kvb Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj bq| AZGe KviYwenxb †Lv`v‡K ¯xKvi Kivi A_© nj Kvh©KviY wewai cwicwš’ Ges G wewai mve©RbxbZvi e¨wZµg †Kvb wel‡qi ¯xK…wZ cÖ vb | Acic‡¶ hw` G wewai mve©RbxbZv‡K A¯xKvi Kwi , Z‡e Awbevh© Aw —Z‡K cÖgv‡Yi R‡b¨ G wewa‡K cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z cvie bv | KviY, nqZ †KD ej‡Z cv‡ib †h, e ‘g~j A_ev kw³ ¯qswµqfv‡e Ges †Kvb Kvi‡Yi mvnvh¨ e¨wZ‡i‡KB Aw —‡Z G‡m‡Q| AZtci Gi cwieZ©b I weeZ©‡bi gva¨‡gB Ab¨ mKj welqe ‘i m„wó n‡q‡Q |

G fyjaviYvwU (†hgbwU 7g cv‡V ewY©Z n‡q‡Q) Kvh©KviY wewai Ace¨vL¨vi d‡j m„wó n‡q‡Q| A_©vr Giƒc wPš—v K‡i‡Qb †h, D‡j−wLZ wewawUi cÖK…Z fvev_© nj ÔmKj wKQyB Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxjÕ| A_P Gi mwVK e¨vL¨v nj ÔcÖwZwU m¤¢ve¨ Aw¯—Z^ ev wbf©ikxj Aw¯—Z^B Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxjÕ| G wewawU Ggb GK wewa, hv mve©Rbxb I e¨wZµgZvewR©Z|

Avevi hw` g‡b Kiv nq †h, e ‘g~j I kw³ †Kvb KviY e¨ZxZB Aw —‡Z G‡m‡Q Ges Zvi weeZ©‡bB Ab¨ mKj wKQy m„wó n‡q‡Q ; Zvn‡j Zvi R‡b¨ A‡bK cÖkœ I mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq| cieZx©‡Z Avgiv G m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kie e‡j Avkv ivwL | AwfÁZvjä Áv‡bi msMÖn t

Aci GKwU fyjaviYv nj GB †h, wek I gvby‡li R‡b¨ †Kvb m„wóKZ©vi Aw —‡Z wekvm, AvaywbK Ávb-weÁv‡bi †Kvb †Kvb wel‡qi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© bq | †hgb t imvq‡b cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q †h, e ‘ I kw³i †gvU cwigvY me© v aª“e Ges †Kvb wKQyB Abw —Z †_‡K Aw —‡Z Av‡mbv| Abyiƒc †Kvb Aw —ZB m¤c~Y©iƒ‡c webvwkZ n‡q hvq bv| A_P †Lv`vi DcvmKMY wekvm K‡ib †h, †Lv`v m„ó welqmg~n‡K Abw —Z †_‡K Aw —‡Z^ G†b‡Qb |

Abyiƒc RxeweÁv‡b cÖwZcvw`Z n‡q‡Q †h, Rxeš— Aw —Z wbRx©e Aw —Z^ †_‡K m„wó n‡q‡Q Ges ch©vqµ‡g weeZ©b I weKv‡ki gva¨‡g gvbexq iƒc jvf K‡i‡Q | A_P †Lv`vi DcvmKMY wekvm K‡ib †h, †Lv`v Zv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨KwU‡K ¯Zš¿fv‡e m„wó K‡i‡Qb | DË‡i ej‡Z n‡e t

cÖ_gZt e y— I kw³i wbZ¨Zvm~Î nj, GKwU ZvwË¦K I AwfÁZvjä c×wZ hv ïaygvÎ cix¶v-wbix¶vi Dc‡hvMx welqe ‘i †¶‡ÎB cÖ‡hvR¨| myZivs D‡j−wLZ cÖwµqvq wbgœwjwLZ `vk©wbK welqwUi mgvavb Kiv m¤¢e bq| h_v t cv`v_© Ges kw³ wK Abvw` I Abš— n‡Z cv‡i ?

wØZxqZt †gvU c`v_© I kw³i cwigvY aª“e I wPiš—b nIqvi A_©, m„wó KZ©vi Dci Awbf©ikxjZv (m„wói R‡b¨) bq| eis c„w_exi eqtmxgv hZ `xN©Zi n‡e, m„wóKZ©vi cÖwZ Zvi wbf©ikxjZvI ZZ‡ekx n‡e| KviY Kv‡h©i (Effect) Kvi‡Yi (Cause) Dci wbf©ikxjZvi gvb`Ê nj Zvi (Kv‡h©i) m¤¢ve¨Zv I mËvMZ wbf©ikxjZv Ñ m„wó I Kv‡ji mxgve×Zvq bq| Ab¨ K_vq t c`v_© I kw³ nj we‡ki e ‘MZ KviY, KZ©„KviY bq Ges ZvivI ¯qs KZ©„Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj|

Z…ZxqZ t c`v_© I kw³i cwigvY aª“e nIqvi A_©, bZzb †Kvb m„wói Avwef©ve I n«vm-e„w×i e¨wZµg bq| Acic‡¶ AvZ¥v ( 7�� ) , Rxeb (1��.) †PZbv (ر�) I cÖZ¨q BZ¨vw` welq¸‡jv c`v_© I kw³i gZ †Kvb welq bq †h, Zv‡ì n«vm-e„w×i d‡j c`v_© I kw³i wbZ¨Zv m~‡Îi cwicš’x †Kvb NUbv NU‡e| PZ‚_©Z t weeZ©‡bi aviYvwU êÁvwbK „wó‡KvY †_‡K GL‡bv h‡_ó ¯xK…wZ cvqwb| eis AwaKvsk weÁ -gbxlx KZ…©K cwiZ¨vRÏ n‡q‡Q| G aviYvwUi mv‡_ †Lv`vi Aw —‡Z wekv‡mi †Kvb we‡iva †bB | m‡e©v”” n‡jI Zv ïaygvÎ Rxeš— Aw —Zmg~‡ni g‡a¨ GKcÖKvi mnvqK KviYZ‡K cÖwZwôZ K‡i --Aw —Z`vZv cÖfyi mv‡_ Aw —Z^g‡qi m¤cK©‡K wb‡la K‡i bv | Avi Gi cÖgvY nj GB ‡h, G aviYviB A‡bK mg_©K, wek I gvby‡li R‡b¨ GK m„wóKZ©vi Aw —Z Av‡Q e‡j wekvm Ki‡Zb Ges K‡ib |

e ‘MZ wek „wó Ges Gi Î“wU wb‡ ©k

e ‘MZ wek „wói g~jbxwZmg~n t

e —MZ wek „wói g~jbxwZ¸‡jv‡K wbgœwjwLZiƒ‡c eY©bv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i t cÖ_gZt Aw —Z nj e ‘ I e —m¤^Üxq wel‡qi mgvb | H¸‡jv‡KB Aw —Zkxj ejv hv‡e,

†h¸‡jv nj e y— Ges hviv wÎgvwÎK (ˆ`N© , cÖ ’ I D””Zv wewkó) I hv‡ì AvqZb Av‡Q; A_ev hviv e —yMZ êwk‡óï AwaKvix e‡j cwiMwYZ| ¯fveZtB e y— ¯qs wbw ©ó cwigv‡Yi AwaKvix hv wefvRb‡hvM¨| G g~jbxwZi wfwË‡Z Ae —yMZ I AwZcÖvK…wZK Aw —Z wn‡m‡e †Lv`vi Aw —Z‡K A¯xKvi Kiv nq |

wØZxqZt e —y nj Abw` I Abš— Ges Am„ó Aw —Z hv †Kvb Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj bq | A_©vr `vk©wbK cwifvlvq Avgiv hv‡K ewj Awbevh© Aw —Z |

Z…ZxqZt we‡ki R‡b¨ †Kvb P~ovš— KviY ev D‡Ïk¨ Av‡Q e‡j g‡b Kiv hvq bv| KviY Ggb †Kvb m‡PZb I cÖZ¨qx KZ©v †bB, hvi cÖwZ †Kvb D‡Ïk¨‡K Av‡ivc Kiv hv‡e |

PZ‚©_Zt we‡k we`¨gvb m„wóKzj ( e —yg~j bq ) e —yKYvi MwZi d‡j Ges Zv‡ì cvi¯cwiK wµqv- cÖwZwµqvi d‡j m„wó n‡q‡Q| myZivs G „wó‡KvY †_‡K AMÖeZx© m„wómg~n‡K DËieZx© m„wómg~‡ni R‡b¨ GKcÖKvi kZ© I mnvqK KviYiƒ‡c g‡b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Ges e —yMZ wel‡qi g‡a¨ Aš—Ztc‡¶ GKcÖKvi cÖvK…wZK KZ©„Z‡K †g‡b †bqv hvq| †hgb t e„¶‡K d‡ji R‡b¨ cÖvK…wZK KZ©v ejv hvq| Abyiƒc e ‘MZ I ivmvqwbK welqmg~nI wbR wbR wbe©vnKmg~‡ni mv‡_ m¤cK© hy³ | wKš‘ †Kvb m„ó welqB m„wóKZ©v ev Aw —Z^`vZv KZ©vi Dci wbf©ikxj bq |

Dc‡iv³ g~jbxwZmg~‡ni mv‡_ Aci GKwU g~jbxwZ‡K cÂg g~jbxwZ iƒ‡c D‡j−L Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, hv cwiwPwZ weÁvb mswk−ó wel‡qi Aš—fy©³ Ges hv GK „wó‡KvY †_‡K Aci mKj g~jbxwZi kx‡l© Ae ’vb K‡i| wb‡gœ Zv D‡j−L Kiv nj t

GKgvÎ †m mKj cwiwPwZB MÖnY‡hvM¨, hv Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ Ges †h‡nZz Bw› ªqMÖvn¨Zv ïaygvÎ e —y I e —yMZ welq‡KB cÖwZcv`b K‡i †m‡nZz Ab¨ †Kvb wKQyiB MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv _vK‡Z cv‡i bv|

wKš‘ G g~jbxwZi AmviZv c~e©eZx© cv‡V cªwZfvZ n‡q‡Q| myZivs bZzb K‡i G†K LÊ‡bi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| d‡j GLv‡b Avgiv Ab¨vb¨ g~jbxwZmg~‡ni mgv‡jvPbvq g‡bvwb‡ek Kie | cÖ_g g~jbxwZi ch©v‡jvPbv t

G g~jbxwZwU, hv e —yMZ wek „wói †gŠwjKZg g~jbxwZ wn‡m‡e cwiMwYZ Zv cÖK…Zc‡¶ wbi_©K I A‡hŠw³K `vwe e¨ZxZ Avi wKQyB bq| we‡kl K‡i e —yev`x „wófw½i wfwË‡Z hv Bw› ªqMÖvn¨Zvi †gŠwjK wfwËi Dci cÖwZwôZ, Zv AwZcÖvK…wZK welq‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kivi gZ †Kvb cÖgvYB Dc ’vcb Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| KviY GUv ¯có †h, †Kvb Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ ÁvbB ¯xq e —y I e —yMZ cwimxgv‡K AwZµg K‡i, †Kvb wKQyi e¨vcv‡i gš—e¨ A_ev †Kvb wKQy‡K MÖnY ev eR©b Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Bwš ªqMÖvn¨Zvi hyw³‡Z m‡e©v”” hv ejv hv‡e, Zv nj GB †h, Gi (Bw› ªqMÖvn¨Zvi) wfwË‡Z AwZcÖvK…wZK welq‡K cÖgvY Kiv hv‡e bv| AZGe Kgc‡¶ Zvi (AwZcÖK…wZ‡K) Aw —‡Zî m¤¢vebv‡K †g‡b †bqv DwPr|

BwZc~‡e© Avgiv †`wL‡qwQ †h, gvbyl Ggb A‡bK Ae —yMZ welq‡K cÖZ¨¶ Áv‡bi gva¨‡g Dcjwä K‡i _v‡K, †h¸‡jv e —y ev e —yMZ †Kvb êwk‡óï AwaKvwi bq | †hgb t AvZ¥v‡K (7��) gvbyl cÖZ¨¶ Áv‡bi gva¨‡g Dcjwä K‡i | Abyiƒc wbe© —yK wel‡qi ( ��%-�,) ¯c‡¶ A‡bK cÖgvY Dc ’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv `k©‡bi wewfbœ cy —‡K msiw¶Z Av‡Q| wbe© —yK AvZ¥vi Aw —‡Zi m‡e©vrK…ó cÖgvY wn‡m‡e mZ¨ ¯cœmg~n, †hvMx‡ì wewfbœ Kg©KvÊ,1 bex-ivmyj I IjxM‡Yi (AvjvBwngy Qvjvg ) wewfbœ †gvÕ‡Rhv I wKqvg‡Zi K_v we‡klfv‡e D‡j−L‡hvM¨| m‡e©vcwi gnvb Avj−vni Aw —Z¡ I Zvui e —yMZ bv nIqvi ¯c‡¶, †h mKj `wjj, cÖgv‡Yi AeZviYv n‡q‡Q Zv-B G g~jbxwZwUi AmviZv cÖgv‡Yi R‡b¨ h‡_ó| wØZxq g~jbxwZi ch©v‡jvPbv t

G g~jbxwZ‡Z e —yi Abvw` I Abš— nIqvi cÖwZ ¸i“Zv‡ivc K‡i wm×vš— †`qv n‡q‡Q †h, e ‘y nj Am„ó| wKš‘, 1| wn› y †hvMxiv AvwZ¥Kkw³‡K Aceënv‡ii gva¨‡g A‡bK A‡jŠwKK NUbvi Rb¥ †`q| Z‡e Bmjv‡gi `„wó‡Z Zv‡ì G cÖwµqv m¤c~Y© A‰ea|

cÖ_gZt e¯—yi Abvw` I Abš— nIqv, êÁvwbK I Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ AwfÁZvi wfwË‡Z cÖwZcv`b‡hvM¨ bq| KviY Bw› ª‡qi ¶gZv mxgve× Ges †Kvb Bw› ªqMªvn¨ I AwfÁZvjä ÁvbB ’vb I Kv‡ji „wó‡Z we‡ki Abš— nIqvi K_v cÖgvY Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv |

wØZxqZt e —y‡K Abvw` g‡b Ki‡jI, Zvi cvi¯cwiK A_© G bq †h, Zv m„wóKZ©vi Dci wbf©ikxj bq| †hgb t †Kvb hvwš¿K MwZi Abvw` nIqvi K_v Kíbv Kivi cvi¯cwiK A_© nj, GK Abvw` DÏxcK kw³‡K Kêbv Kiv ÑDÏxcK kw³i Dci Gi Awbf©ikxjZv bq|

G Qvov e —yi Am„ó nIqvi A_© nj, Gi Awbevh© Aw —Z nIqv | wKš‘ Aóg cv‡V Avgiv cÖgvY K‡iwQ †h, e —yi c‡¶ Awbevh© Aw —Z nIqv Am¤¢e| Z…Zxq g~jbxwZi ch©v‡jvPbv t

Z…Zxq g~jbxwZwU A¯^xKvi K‡i †h, †Kvb we‡kl D‡Ï‡k¨ c„w_ex m„wó n‡q‡Q| d‡j Zv n‡Z ¯fveZtB m„wóKZ©vi Aw —‡Zi A¯xK…wZi cÖKvk cvq| ZvB cÖÁvevb m„wóKZ©vi Aw —Z‡K cÖgvY Kivi gva¨‡g hyMcr G bxwZwUi AmviZvI cÖgvwYZ nq|

G Qvov cÖkœ Av‡m †h, wKiƒ‡c eyw×e„wËi AwaKvwi †Kvb gvbyl gvbe ˆZixK…Z †Kvb wKQyi ch©‡e¶‡Y ˆZixKvi‡Ki D‡Ïk¨ m¤c‡K© AeMZ n‡Z cv‡i, A_P GK we¯§qKi myweb¨ — wekeª¤§vÊ I Zv‡Z we`¨gvb wewfbœ welqe —yi cvi¯cwiK eÜb I AMwYZ Kj¨vYgq m„wó‡K Ae‡jvKb K‡iI Gi D‡Ïk¨ m¤c‡K© AbeMZ _vK‡e ? PZz_© g~jbxwZi ch©v‡jvPbv t

e —yMZ wek „wói PZz_© g~jbxwZwU nj KviYZ‡K ïaygvÎ e —yMZ m„wómg~‡ni g‡a¨ mxgve× Kiv, hv cÖPzi mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb n‡q _v‡K| G mgm¨v¸‡jvi g‡a¨ ¸i“Zc~Y© K‡qKwU wb‡gœ D‡j−L nj t

cÖ_gZt G g~jbxwZ Abymv‡i KL‡bvB †Kvb be Aw —‡Zi Avwef©ve NUv DwPrbv| A_P cÖwZwbqZ Avgiv we‡kl K‡i gvbe I cÖvYxRM‡Z bebe Aw —‡Zi ms‡hvRb j¶¨ KiwQ | G ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ me©vwaK ¸i“Z^c~Y© nj Rxeb, †PZbv, Abyf~wZ, Av‡eM, m„RbkxjZv I cÖZ¨q|

e —yev`xiv e‡jb, D‡j−wLZ welq¸‡jvI e —yMZ êwkó¨ Qvov Avi wKQyB bq| DË‡i eje t cÖ_gZt D‡j−wLZ welq¸‡jv LÊb‡hvM¨ bq| A_P e —y I e —yMZ welq¸‡jv nj LÊb I

wefvRb‡hvM¨ Ges AvK…wZ wewkó| wKš‘ Dc‡iv³ welq¸‡jv G êwk‡óï AwaKvix bq| wØZxqZt G welq¸‡jv †h¸‡jv‡K Ôe —yMZ êwkó¨Õ e‡j D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q wbtm‡›`‡n

G¸‡jv †Kvb wbRx©e e —y‡Z we`¨gvb wQjbv | Ab¨ K_vq t †Kvb GK mgq e —y G¸‡jvi Afv‡e wQj Ges cieZx©‡Z G ¸‡jvi AwaKvix n‡q‡Q | AZGe e —yMZ êwkó¨ e‡j cwiwPZ G welq¸‡jv‡K Aw —‡Z Avmvi R‡b¨ Ggb GK Aw —Z^`vbKvixi Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z nq, ‡h G¸‡jv‡K Aw —Z`vb K‡i| Avi Zv-B nj m„wóKvix ev Aw —Z^`vZv KviY |

G gZev`wUi Aci GKwU ¸i“Zc~Y© mgm¨v nj †h, G bxwZ Abymv‡i we‡ki mKj wKQy eva¨Zvg~jK n‡Z n‡e | KviY e y—i Avf¨š—ixY wµqv-cÖwZwµqvi †¶‡Î ¯xq wbe©vPb I ¯^vaxbZvi †Kvb ¯’vb †bB|

¯^vaxbZv‡K A¯^xKvi Kiv eyw×e„wËi e¨wZµg, hvi cvi¯cwiK A_© nj, †h †Kvb cÖKvi `vwqZ-civqYZv Ges PvwiwÎK I AvwZ¥K g~j¨‡eva‡K A¯xKvi Kiv| Avi `vwqZ^civqYZv I g~j¨‡evamg~n‡K A¯xKvi Kiv †h, gvbweK Rxeb eë ’vi R‡b¨ KZUv ûgwK¯iƒc Zv ejvB evûj¨ |

m‡ev©cwi e —y Awbevh© Aw —Z^ n‡Z cv‡i bv, ( BwZc~‡e© cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q) G hyw³i Av‡jv‡K ej‡Z nq, †Kvb GK KviY‡K RvMwZK welqmg~‡ni R‡b¨ we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e Ges G ai‡bi †Kvb KviY cÖvK…wZK ev mnvqK Kvi‡Yi gZ n‡e bv| KviY G ai‡bi k„•Ljv ev cvi¯cwiK m¤cK© ïaygvÎ e —yMZ welqmg~‡ni ci¯c‡ii g‡a¨ cwijw¶Z nq e‡U, wKš‘ mgMÖe ‘ ¯xq Kvi‡Yi mv‡_ G ai‡bi m¤cK© ( A_©vr GKwU AciwUi KviY) eRvq ivL‡Z cvi‡e bv| AZGe †h KviY e —y‡K Aw —‡Z G†b‡Q Zv nj m„wóKvix KviY Ñhv AwZe —yMZ welq|

Øvw›ØK e —yev` I Zvi Î“wUwb‡ ©k hvwš¿K e —yev` I Øvw›ØK e ‘ev` t

e —yev` GKvwaK kvLvq wef³| G‡ì cÖwZwUB we‡ki m„wó m¤c‡K© ¯Zš¿ e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb K‡i| behy‡Mi cÖviw¤¢K j‡Mœ e —yev`xiv wbDU‡bi c`v_© m¤cKx©q gZev‡ì cÖ‡qv‡M RvMwZK hveZxq m„wómg~n‡K hvwš¿K MwZi wfwË‡Z e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| Zviv cÖwZwU MwZ (ev cwieZ©b‡KB) †Kvb we‡kl MwZkw³i dj e‡j g‡b K‡i‡Qb hv evB‡i †_‡K MwZkxj (cwieZ©bkxj) e —y‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i | Ab¨ K_vq t Zviv wekeª¤§vÊ‡K Ggb GKwU e„nr hvbevn‡bi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb †h, MwZkw³ Zvi GK Ask †_‡K Ab¨ As‡k cwiPvwjZ nq hvi d‡j G e„nr hvbevnbwU MwZkxj n‡q _v‡K|

Ôhvwš¿K e —yev`Õ e‡j cwiwPZ G gZev`wUi A‡bK ye©jZv we`¨gvb †h¸‡jv cÖwZc‡¶i mgv‡jvPbvi welqe —y‡Z cwiYZ n‡qwQj| we‡kl K‡i D‡j−L‡hvM¨ GKwU nj t hw` mKj cÖKvi MwZB evwn¨K †Kvb kw³i dj n‡q _v‡K Z‡e cÖviw¤¢K e —yi R‡bÏ †Kvb kw³‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e, hv evB‡i ‡_‡K Zv‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q| Avi Gi Awe‡”Q`¨ A_© nj †Kvb AwZcÖvK…wZK Aw —Z‡K ¯xKvi K‡i †bqv, hv b~ bZgc‡¶ e —yRM‡Zi cÖviw¤¢K MwZi Drm n‡q _vK‡e |

AciwU nj t ïaygvÎ NyY©bMwZ I ’vbvš—wiKMwZ‡KB hvwš¿K MwZkw³i wfwË‡Z e¨vL¨v Kiv m¤¢e| A_P we‡ki mKj welq‡K †KejgvÎ ’vbvš—wiZMwZi g‡a¨B mxgve× e‡j g‡b Kiv hvq bv| myZivs GZw™¢bœ Ab¨vb¨ wel‡qi DrcwËi R‡b¨ Aci GK KviY I wbev©nx‡K we‡ePbv Kiv Acwinvh© |

G AbyccwËmg~‡ni DËi`v‡b hvwš¿K e —yev‡ì A¶gZv, e —yev`x‡ì‡K RMwZK wewfbœ iƒcvš—‡ii e¨vL¨vi R‡b¨ Aci GK Kvi‡Yi `vi ’ n‡Z eva¨ K‡i Ges b~ bZgc‡¶ Zviv †Kvb †Kvb MwZ‡K ¯qswµqZvi wfwË‡Z A_v©r (Dynamically) e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z, e —yi R‡b¨ GKcÖKvi ¯qswµq Av‡›`vjb‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡q‡Qb| we‡kl K‡i Øvw›ØK e —yev‡ì cy‡ivavMY (gvK©m I G¨vs‡Mj&m) †n‡M‡ji `vk©wbK aviYvi wfwË‡Z MwZi wbe©vnK‡K e —yi Avf¨š—ixY we‡ivaiƒ‡c e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb | Zviv ¯xq gZev‡ì e¨vL¨vi R‡b¨, e —yi

AwebvwkZvev` I Am„ó-bxwZ mve©Rbxb MwZ Ges m„ó welqmg~‡ni cvi¯cwiK cÖfv‡ei g~jbxwZ‡K MÖnY Kivi cvkvcvwk wbgœwjwLZ wZbwU †gŠwjK welq‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb t

1| Avf¨š—ixY êcixZ¨bxwZ| 2| ˆèvrbxwZ ev msL¨vevPK (�-�) iƒcvš—‡ii ¸YevPK iƒcvš—‡i cwieZ©b| 3| wecÖZxc`‡qi weeZ©bbxwZ ev cÖK…wZi weKvkbxwZ| Avgiv GLv‡b D‡j−wLZ bxwZÎ‡qi cÖwZwUi m¤c‡K© msw¶ß e¨vL¨v cÖ v‡bi †Póv Kie

Ges cwi‡k‡l Zv‡ì AmviZv cÖgv‡Y cÖqvmx ne| ‰ecixZ¨ bxwZ t

Øvw›ØK e —yev` wek¦vm K‡i †h, mKj †hŠMB yÕwU wecÖZxc (Thesis Ges Anti-thesis) wb‡q MwVZ| G wecÖZxcØ‡qi êcixZ¨B e —yi MwZ I iƒcvš—‡ii KviY | hLbB Anti-thesis weRqx nq ZLbB bZzb GK e —y, hv Zv‡ì Synthesis e‡j cwiMwYZ, Zv Aw —Z jvf K‡i _v‡K| †hgb t gyiMxi wW‡g (Thesis) ïµvYy (Anti-thesis) we`¨gvb, hv ch©vqµ‡g e„w×cÖvc— nq Ges Lv‡`¨vcv`bmgyn‡K wb‡Ri Af¨š—‡i nRg K‡i; AZtci gyiMxi ev”Pv H¸‡jvi Synthesis wnmv‡e Aw —Z jvf K‡i _v‡K|

ê y wZK abvZKZv I FYvZKZv nj c`v‡_©i Avf¨š—ixY êcix‡Zï GKwU DrK…ó D`vniY| †Zgwb †hvRb -we‡qvRb, cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi MvwYwZK êcixZ¨ Ges wWdv‡iwÝ‡qkb I BwÈMÖ vkb D”Pch©v‡qi MvwYwZK êcixZ¨ e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡q _v‡K |

G welqwU mvgvwRK I HwZnvwmK †¶‡ÎI cwijw¶Z nq| we‡kl K‡i cyuwRev`x mgv‡R Kg©Rxwe †kªYx nj cyuwRev`x‡ì Anti -thesis hv cÖe„w× jvf K‡i Ges ch©vqµ‡g cyuwRev‡ì Dci weRqx n‡q Zv‡ì Synthesis wn‡m‡e mgvRZvwš¿K (Socialistic) I mvgëv`x (Communistic) mgvR iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i _v‡K|

gvK©mev‡ì cÖe³vi e‡jb †h, G êcixZ¨ bxwZwU g¨vUvwdwRK¨vj aviYv‡K (cvi¯cwiK êcix‡Zï Am¤¢ve¨Zv ) cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i | mgv‡jvPbv t

cÖvi‡¤¢B ¯§iY‡hvM¨ †h, yÕwU e —yMZ Aw —Z^ hw` ci¯ci Ggbfv‡e Ae ’vb K‡i †h, Zv‡ì GKwU AciwU‡K ye©j K‡i †d‡j A_ev wbwðý K‡i †d‡j ¯xq Aw —Z‡K wUwK‡q iv‡L; Z‡e G e¨vcv‡i Kv‡iv wØgZ †bB| †hgbwU cvwb I Av¸‡bi †¶‡Î Avgiv j¶¨ Kwi| wKš‘,

cÖ_gZt G e¨vcviwU mve©Rbxb bq Ges G‡K we‡ki mKj NUbvi R‡b¨ †Kvb m~Î wn‡m‡e Avgiv MÖnY Ki‡Z cvwi bv| KviY Gi e¨wZµg Ggb kZ-mnmª NUbv G we‡k we`¨gvb |

wØZxqZt †Kvb †Kvb e —y‡Z cÖvß G ai‡bi êcix‡Zï mv‡_ hyw³-weÁvb I civcÖvK„wZK `k©‡b ewY©Z Am¤¢ve¨Zvi †Kvb m¤cK© †bB| KviY Am¤¢e e‡j hv‡K MYbv Kiv n‡q‡Q, Zv nj GKB wel‡q ci¯ci wecÖZx‡ci mgv‡ek, (%.�� ?�@� �� -%@!� ?��,�)| Dc‡ivwj−wLZ D`vniYmg~‡ni †KvbwU‡ZB welqe —y GKK bq| Avi gvK©mev`x‡ì nvm¨Ki D`vni‡Yi K_v‡Zv ejviB A‡c¶v iv‡L bv| †hgb t †hvRb I we‡qvRb A_ev wWdv‡iwÝ‡qkb

I BwÈ‡MÖk‡bi mgv‡ek BZ¨vw`, A_ev cyuwRev`x mgv‡R Kg©Rxwe kvmb eë ’vi cÖwZôv m¤c‡K© wg_¨v fwel¨ØvYxKiY |

Z…ZxqZt hw` mKj wKQyB yÕwU wecÖZx‡ci mgb‡q Aw —‡Z G†m _v‡K, Z‡e cÖwZwU Thesis Ges Anti - thesis -Gi R‡bÏ Aci GKwU mgbq‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| KviY G¸‡jvI ywU ¯Zš¿ welq| d‡j ewY©Z bxwZ Abymv‡i GivI yÕwU wecÖZx‡ci mgbq nIqvB hyw³m½Z| djkª“wZ‡Z, cÖwZwU ¶y ªZg Aw —ZB AmxgmsL¨K wecÖZx‡ci mgbq n‡Z n‡e|

Aciw`‡K hvwš¿K e —yev‡ì ye©jZv‡K ~ixKi‡Yi wbwg‡Ë, Avf¨š—ixY êcixZ¨‡K †h MwZ ev weeZ©‡bi g~jwbev©nK wn‡m‡e cwiPq Kiv‡bvi †Póv K‡i‡Qb, Zv b~ bZgc‡¶ †h mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb nq Zv nj, G aviYvi ¯c‡¶ †Kvb êÁvwbK hyw³iB Aw —Z^ ‡bB| ZvQvov evwn¨K kw³i cÖfv‡e †h hvwš¿K MwZi DrcwË nq, Zv †h †Kvb Ae ’vqB Ab¯xKvh©| bZzev cÖkœ †_‡K hvq, dzUe‡ji MwZI wK Zvi Avf¨š—ixY êcix‡Zï d‡j m„ó ej‡Z n‡e, bv wK †L‡jvqv‡oi cv‡qi AvNv‡Z m„ó ej‡Z n‡e ! ‰èvrbxwZ t

RM‡Zi mKj cwieZ©bB chv©qµ‡g I GKK †iLvq mw¾Z bq| AwaKvsk mgqB bZzb Ggb †Kvb wel‡qi Avwef©ve N‡U, hv c~e©eZx© mKj m„ówelq †_‡K ¯Zš¿ Ges Zv‡K c~e©eZx© MwZ ev cwieZ©‡bi djkª“wZ wnmv‡e eY©bv Kiv hvq bv | G aviYvi Dci wfwË K‡i, gvK©mev`xiv, ˆèvrbxwZ ev ÔcwigvYevPK cwieZ©‡bi ¸YevPK cwieZ©‡b iƒcvš—‡ii c_Õ bvgK Aci GKwU bxwZi cÖeZ©b K‡i‡Qb| G bxwZ‡Z Zviv e‡jb t mvswL¨K cwieZ©b hLb †Kvb GK we‡kl we› y‡Z †cŠu‡Q, ZLb ¸YMZ ev cÖKiYMZ cwieZ©‡bi D ¢e nq| †hgb t cvwbi ZvcgvÎv e„w×cÖvc— n‡q hLb GKwU wbw ©ó mxgvq †cŠu‡Q, ZLb cvwb, ev‡®c iƒcvš—wiZ nq| Abyiƒc cÖwZwU avZec`v‡_©i R‡b¨B wbw ©ó MjbvsK we`¨gvb Ges hLb ZvcgvÎv H Mjbvs‡K †cŠu‡Q D³ avZec`v_© Zijc`v‡_© cwiYZ nq | gvbe mgv‡RI hLb we‡iva ev gZcv_©‡Kï ZxeªZv wbw ©ó mxgvbvq †cŠu‡Q, ZLb wec−e Aw —‡Z Av‡m | mgv‡jvPbv t

cÖ_gZt †Kvb †¶‡ÎB msL¨vevPKZv, ¸YevPKZvq iƒcvš—wiZ nq bv| m‡ev©cwi hv N‡U Zv nj †Kvb wbw ©ó e —yi DrcwË wbw ©ó msL¨vevPKZvi kZ©vaxb | †hgb t cvwbi ZvcgvÎv ev‡®c cwiYZ nq bv| eis cvwbi ev‡®c cwiYZ nIqvUv cvwb‡Z we`¨gvb ZvcgvÎvi cwigv‡Yi kZ©vaxb|

wØZxqZt cwieZ©‡bi R‡b¨ G evwÃZ cwigvY, ch©vqµwgK cwigvYMZ ea©‡bi d‡j AwR©Z nIqvUv Acwinvh© bq| eis c~e©eZx© cwigv‡Yi n«v‡mi d‡j G cwieZ©b msNwUZ n‡Z cv‡i | †hgb t ev‡®ci cvwb‡Z cwieZx©Z nIqvUv ZvcgvÎvi n«v‡mi kZv©axb |

Z…ZxqZt ¸YMZ cwieZ©b me© vB AvKw¯§Kfv‡e N‡U bv | eis AwaKvsk †¶‡ÎB ch©vqµwgKfv‡e N‡U _v‡K| †hgb t †gvg I Kvu‡Pi M‡j hvIqvUv ch©vqµ‡g N‡U _v‡K|

AZGe MÖnY‡hvM¨ welqwU n‡”Q, cÖvK…wZK KZK¸wj wel‡qi ev —evq‡bi R‡b¨ ‡Kvb we‡kl cwigv‡Yi Avek¨KZv i‡q‡Q| bv, cwigv‡Yi ¸‡Y cwieZ©‡bi Avek¨KZv Avi bv,

cwigv‡Yi µgk e„w×i Avek¨KZv i‡q‡Q Ges bv, ‡Kvb ¸YMZ I cwigvYMZ hveZxq cwieZ©‡bi R‡b¨ Abyiƒc k‡Z©i mvgMÖxKZv Avek¨K|

myZivs wekRM‡Z ˆèvr bxwZ ev ÔcwigvYevPK cwieZ©‡bi ¸YevPK cwieZ©‡b iƒcvš—‡ii c_Õ bvgK †Kvb bxwZi Aw —Z^ †bB| wecÖZxcØ‡qi weeZ©bbxwZ t

G bxwZwU Ôbv-†eva‡Ki bv -†evaK Õ bxwZ e‡j cwiwPZ| KL‡bv KL‡bv G‡K cÖK…wZi weeZ©b bxwZI ejv n‡q _v‡K| G bxwZi e³e¨ nj t Øvw›ØKZvi AmsL¨ iƒcvš—‡ii avivq me© v Thesis, Anti - thesis KZ…©K A¯^xK…Z n‡q _v‡K| Abyiƒc Anti - thesis I ¯qs Synthesis KZ…©K A¯xK„Z nq| †hgb t exR, e„¶KZ…©K Ges ZvI bZzb exRmg~n KZ©„K A¯xK…Z nq| cÖvY GKK ($)H� ) wWg KZ…©K Ges ¯qs wWg ev””v KZ…©K A¯xK…Z n‡q _v‡K| wKš‘ mKj AbyRB, AMÖR A‡c¶v c~Y©Zi| A_v©r Øvw›ØK weeZ©b-aviv me© v Dbœqb I c~Y©Zvi w`‡K n‡q _v‡K| Avi G bxwZi ¸i“ZI GLv‡bB myß, hv iƒcvš—i aviv‡K wb‡`©k K‡i Ges iƒcvš—i aviv Dbœqb I c~Y©Zvi w`‡K e‡j ¸i“Zv‡ivc K‡i| mgv‡jvPbv t

wbtm‡›`‡n cÖwZwU cwieZ©b I weeZ©‡bB c~e©eZx© Ae ’vb I Ae ’v wejyß n‡q _v‡K Ges bZzb †Kvb Ae ’v I Ae ’v‡bi m~ÎcvZ N‡U| hw` Ôbv-†eva‡Ki bv-†evaKÕ bxwZ‡K Dc‡iv‡j−wLZ A‡_© we‡ePbv Kwi, Z‡e Zv iƒcvš—‡ii Awe‡”Q`¨ wel‡qi eY©bv e¨ZxZ Avi wKQyB bq| wKš‘ G bxwZi †h e¨vL¨v †`qv n‡q‡Q Ges G‡K †h, MwZ I c~Y©Zvi w`K-wb‡ ©kbv e‡j g‡b Kiv n‡q‡Q, †m cÖm‡½ ej‡Z nq t we‡ki MwZ I iƒcvš—i c~Y©Zvi w`‡K ej‡Z hw` G A_©‡K eySvq †h, cÖwZwU bZzb welqB Acwinvh©fv‡e c~e©eZx© welq A‡c¶v c~Y©Zi Z‡e Zv MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv | BD‡iwbqvg †h, AwZwe”Qyi‡Yi cÖfv‡e mxmvq cwiYZ nq ZvI wK Avi c~Y©Zv cÖvwß e‡j cwiMwYZ nq ? cvwb †h, ev‡®c cwiYZ nq A_ev ev®c †h cvwb‡Z cwiewZ©Z nq , Zv‡ZI wK c~Y©Zv cÖvwß N‡U ? e„¶ I jZv-cvZv †h, ï®‹ n‡q hvq Ges †Kvb cÖKvi exR I djB Zv‡Z Aewkó bv _v‡K Zv-I wK Zv‡ì c~Y©Zv cÖvwß ?

AZGe ïaygvÎ GUzKzB MÖnY‡hvM¨ †h, †Kvb †Kvb cÖvK…wZK welqe —y MwZ I cwieZ©‡bi d‡j c~Y©Zi n‡q _v‡K (mKj welqB bq )| myZivs weeZ©b‡KI we‡ki mKj m„ó wel‡qi R‡b¨ GKwU mve©Rbxb m~Îiƒ‡c MÖnY Kiv hvq bv |

cwi‡k‡l ¯§iY Kie t G mKj bxwZ¸‡jv mve©Rbxbfv‡e hw` M„nxZ I ¯xK…ZI n‡q _v‡K, ZviciI cÖK…wZ weÁv‡b cÖgvwYZ m~Îmg~‡ni gZ ïaygvÎ m„ó welq e —yi ¯iƒc DÑvUb Ki‡Z cviZ | wKš‘, Ggb †Kvb cÖwZwôZ mve©Rbxb bxwZ I m~‡Îi Aw —Z †bB †h, cÖgvY Ki‡e †Kvb welq Zvi m„wóKZ©v ev Aw —Z^`vZv KviY e¨ZxZB m„wó n‡q‡Q| †hgwbK‡i c~e©eZx© cvVmg~‡n Avgiv eY©bv K‡iwQ †h, †h‡nZz e —y I e —yMZ welqmg~n nj m¤¢ve¨ Aw —Z^, †m‡nZz †Kvb Awbevh© Aw —‡Zi Dci wbf©ikxj _vKv Acwinvh© |

Avj−vni GKZ¡ f~wgKv t

c~e©eZx cvVmg~‡n, wekm„wóKZv©i Aw —‡Zi Acwinvh©Zv‡K cÖwZwôZ Kiv n‡q‡Q Ñwhwb me©Á , civµgkvjx Ges we‡ki Aw —Z^`vbKvix , i¶K I cwiPvjK| G Qvov mv¤cÖwZK cvVmg~‡n Avgiv e —yev`x wek „wó m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbv c~e©K Zvi wewfbœ mgm¨v I Î“wU m¤c‡K©I Av‡jvKcvZ K‡iwQ| d‡j ¤cóZtB cÖZxqgvb n‡q‡Q †h, m„wóKZ©vwenxb we‡ki aviYv nj GKwU A‡hŠw³K aviYv Ges Gi ¯c‡¶ MÖnY‡hvM¨ †Kvb e¨vL¨v †bB |

GLb GKZev` m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbvi cvjv G‡m‡Q| G ch©v‡q Avgiv Askxev`x aviYvi AmviZv cÖgvY Kivi cÖqvm cve|

Askxev`x wekvm wKiƒ‡c gvby‡li gv‡S cËb Ges we —vi jvf K‡iwQj, †m e¨vcv‡i mgvR weÁvbxiv GKvwaK gZev` e¨³ K‡i‡Qb | wKš‘ H¸‡jvi †KvbwUi ¯c‡¶B my úó I wekvm‡hvM¨ †Kvb hyw³ †bB |

m¤¢eZt Askxev` Ges GKvwaK †Lv`vi wekv‡mi cÖ_g KviY wQj wek - eªgv‡Êi êwPÎ¨gq NUbvejxi ch©‡e¶Y | G êwP‡Îï ch©‡e¶‡Y gvby‡li g‡a¨ G aviYvi m„wó n‡qwQj †h, cÖ‡Z¨K cÖKv‡ii NUbv, mswk−ó †Lv`vi ZË¡veav‡b m¤cbœ n‡q _v‡K | †hgb t †KD †KD aviYv K‡i‡Qb †h, ïf NUbv¸‡jv nj Kj¨vYKvgx cÖfyi Kg© Ges g›` NUbv¸‡jv nj AKj¨vYKvgx cÖfyi Kg©| Avi G fv‡eB we‡ki R‡b¨ yÕ†Lv`vi wekvm cÖewZ©Z n‡qwQj|

Aciw`‡K m~h©v‡jvK, P› ª I ZviKvmg~n †h, cvw_©e NUbvejxi Dci cÖfve †d‡j, Zvi Av‡jv‡K G aviYvi m„wó n‡qwQj †h, we‡ki welqe —yi Dci H¸‡jvi GK cÖKvi cÖfyZ we`¨gvb |

A_ev ¯c„k¨ I Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ †Lv`vi cÖwZ Suy‡K covi Kvi‡Y KwíZ cÖfy‡ì g~wZ© ˆZix Ges Zv‡ì Dcvmbvq wb‡qvwRZ nIqvi cÖeYZv m„wó n‡qwQj| Kvjµ‡g ¯qs g~wZ©mg~n ¯í eyw×i Rbmgwói gv‡S g~L¨ iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i‡Q Ges mKj RvwZ GgbwK cÖwZwU †MvÎ wbR wbR Kíbvi wfwË‡Z g~wZ©- c~Rvi R‡b¨ GKvwaK a‡g©i cÖeZ©b K‡i‡Q Ñ hv‡Z GKw`‡K †hgwb cÖfyfw³i wdZ&ivZMZ cÖeYZv‡K wfbœiƒ‡c Dc ’vcb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, †Zgwb Aciw`‡K, wb‡R‡ì cvkweK †jvf-jvjmv‡K cweÎZvi i‡O iwÄZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Ges Z`byiƒc G¸‡jv‡K agx©q Abyôvbvwì K‡je‡i iƒc †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| Av‡Rvewa D”Q„sLj b„Z¨, g`¨c I KvgyK Drmemg~n agx©q Abyôvb iƒ‡c g~wZ©c~Rvix‡ì g‡a¨ cÖPwjZ Av‡Q|

G Qvov, †¯”Qvix, †kªô‡Zi `vex`vi, cÖwZwnsmvcivqY cvlÊ‡ì AwfjvlI mijgbv Rbmgwói wekvm I wPš—vfvebvi †¶‡Î cÖeÂbvi KviY n‡qwQj| Gfv‡e ¯xq ivRZ I ¶gZvi m¤cÖmvi‡Yi R‡b¨ Zviv Askxev`x a¨vb-aviYvi cÖPvi I cÖmv‡i cÖqvmx n‡qwQj Ges wb‡R‡ì R‡b¨ GK cÖKvi cÖfy‡Z¡ wekvmx wQj| G „wó‡KvY †_‡K Zviv `~e„©Ë‡ì Dcvmbv‡K agx©q Abyôv‡bi Aš—f~©³ K‡i‡Q | wgki, fviZ, Pxb,cvim¨ BZ¨vw` †`‡k Gi my có wb`k©b cwijw¶Z nq |

hv‡nvK Askxev`x ag©mg~n, wewfbœ KviY I wbe©vn‡Ki cÖfv‡e, gvbe mgv‡R cÖw_Z I cÖPwjZ n‡qwQj Ges Hkxag© I GKZ¡ev‡ì Qvqvq gvby‡li cªK…Z weKvk I DrKl© jv‡fi c‡_ Aš—ivq m„wó K‡iwQj| hvi d‡j bexM‡Yi (Avt) cÖ‡Póvi GK e„nËi Ask Ry‡o ’vb †c‡qwQj

Askxev` I Askxev`x‡ì weiƒ‡× msMÖvg| cweÎ †Kviv‡b cybt‡cŠwbKfv‡e Zvu‡ì Kvwnbx ewY©Z n‡q‡Q |

AZGe Askxev`xwekv‡mi g~jwfwË, wekêª¤gv‡Êi †Kvb †Kvb NUbvi R‡b¨ gnvb cÖfy wfbœ Aci †Kvb Aw —‡Zi cÖwZ cÖfy‡Zi aviYv †_‡K iƒc jvf K‡iwQj| Z‡e Askxev`x‡ì g‡a¨ A‡b‡KB wekm„wó KZ©vi GK‡Z^ wek^vmx wQ‡jb| cÖK…Zc‡¶ Zviv m„Rb¶gZvi GKZ^‡K ¯^xKvi K‡iwQ‡jb; wKš‘ A‡c¶vK…Z wbgœ¯—‡i, wØZxq †kªYxi cÖfy‡ì cÖwZ wekvmx wQ‡jb | Zv‡ì aviYvbymv‡i RM‡Zi cwiPvjbv I i¶vi e¨vcviwU cÖZ¨¶fv‡e (G wØZxq †kªYxi) cÖfy‡ì B”Qvaxb| Zviv m„wóKZ©v cÖfy‡K ewY©Z †Lv`v‡ì cÖfyiƒ‡c bvgKiY K‡i‡Q| A_©vr wZwb n‡jb cÖfy‡ì cÖfy (E�*�� E� )

Kv‡iv Kv‡iv g‡Z G cwiPvjK cÖfyiv n‡jb †d‡i —vMY | Avie Askxev`xiv G ‡d‡i —vMY‡K Avj−vni Kb¨v e‡j g‡b KiZ | Avevi Kv‡iv Kv‡iv g‡Z wRb-cixiv, Kv‡iv Kv‡iv g‡Z b¶Îmgwói AvZ¥viv A_ev cÖqvZ gvby‡li AvZ¥viv wKsev GK we‡kl ai‡bi AÁvZ Aw —Z nj G cwiPvjK cÖfymKj|

`kg cv‡V Avgiv Bw½Z K‡iwQjvg †h, cÖK…Z m„RbZ I cÖwZcvjbZ^ ci¯ci †_‡K wefvRb‡hvM¨ I c„_KxKiY‡hvM¨ bq Ges Avj−vni m„Rb‡Z wekvm (Avj−vn e¨ZxZ) Ab¨ Kv‡iv cÖwZcvjb‡Zi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ c~Y© bq| hviv G ai‡bi ¯we‡ivwaZvc~Y© wekvm †cvlY Ki‡Zb Zviv cÖK…Zc‡¶ ewY©Z Ae ’vØ‡qi êcix‡Zï cÖwZ j¶¨ iv‡Lbwb Ges Zv‡ì wekv‡mi evZzjZv cÖgvY Kivi R‡b¨ G êcix‡Zï my có KviYB h‡_ó |

†Lv`vi GKZ‡K cÖgvY Kivi R‡b¨ GKvwaK hyw³i AeZviYv n‡q‡Q; †h¸‡jv Kvjvgkv ¿ I `k©bkv‡ ¿i wewfbœ cy —‡K ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Z‡e Avgiv GLv‡b Ggb GKwU hyw³ Dc ’vcb Kie, hv‡Z cÖZ¨¶fv‡e cÖwZcvjb‡Zi GKZev`‡K cÖwZcv`b Kivi cvkvcvwk, Askxev`x wekv‡miI Ac‡bv`b nq| Avj−vni GK‡Zî cÖgvY t

aiv hvK we‡ki R‡b¨ yB ev Z‡ZvwaK m„wóKZ©v we`¨gvb| Zvn‡j Zv wbgœwjwLZ Ae ’vmg~‡ni e¨wZµg n‡e bv t nq we‡ki cÖwZwU welqB Zv‡ì djkª“wZ ev m„ó e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡e A_ev cÖwZwU †kªYxB †Kvb GK cÖfyi m„ó e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡e wKsev mewKQyB GK cÖfyi m„ó; Z‡e Ab¨vb¨ †Lv`viv we‡ki cwiPvjK I ZËveavqK iƒ‡c cwiMwYZ n‡e |

wKš‘ ÔmKj m„óiB GKvwaK m„wóKZ©v we`¨gvbÕ G aviYvwU Am¤¢e| KviY, yB ev Z‡ZvwaK m„wóKZ©v (Aw —Z^ vZv KviY) †Kvb Aw —Zkxj‡K m„wó Kivi A_© nj, Zv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡KB GKwU K‡i ÔAw —ZÕ H Aw —Zkxj‡K `vb Kiv| hvi djkª“wZ nj, GKwU Aw —Z^kx‡ji R‡b¨ GKvwaK Aw —‡Zi aviYv| A_P cª‡Z¨K Aw —Z^kxjB †KejgvÎ GKwU Aw —‡ZiB AwaKvix| bZyev Zv GKK Aw —Zkxj n‡Z cv‡i bv |

Aciw`‡K cÖwZwU m„ó wel‡qi A_ev H †kªYxi m„ó wel‡qi R‡b¨ GKRb K‡i m„wóKZ©v _vKvi Acwinvh© A_© nj t cÖ‡Z¨K m„ó welqB ¯Zš¿ m„wóKZ©vi Dci wbf©ikxj Ges †KejgvÎ P~ovš— wbf©ikxjZv, hv ¯xq m„wóKZ©vq †cuŠ‡Q, Zv e¨ZxZ Aci †Kvb m„ó wel‡qi Zvi †Kvb cÖ‡qvRb †bB| Avi G ai‡bi wbf©ikxjZv ïaygvÎ ¯xq m„wóKZ©vi m„ó welqmg~‡ni g‡a¨B mxgve× _vK‡e|

Ab¨K_vq t we‡ki GKvwaK m„wóKZ©v _vKvi Acwinvh© A_© nj GKvwaK I ci¯úiwe‡ivax web¨vmeë ’vi Aw —Z^ _vKv| A_P m„wói Avw` †_‡KB wek-eªþvÊ GKK web¨vmeë ’vq I wbqgvbyewZ©Zvq cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q| mgmvgwqK m„wómg~n ci¯ci m¤cK©hy³ I wbf©ikxj Ges Zviv ci¯c‡ii Dci cÖfve †d‡j| Abyiƒc c~e©eZ©x m„wómg~‡ni mv‡_ DËieZ©x m„wómg~‡ni †hgb m¤cK© we`¨gvb, †Zgwb we`¨gvb m„wómg~‡ni mv‡_I fvwe m„wómg~‡ni m¤cK© cÖwZwôZ n‡e| Avevi mKj c~e©eZ©x m„wómg~nB DËieZ©x m„wómg~‡ni Avwef©v‡ei R‡b¨ †¶Î cÖ —yZ K‡i|

AZGe G ai‡bi †Kvb wek, hv ci¯ci m¤cK©hy³ I mymwbœ‡ewkZ Ges hv GKK web¨vmeë ’vi Aaxb cwiPvwjZ , Zv KL‡bvB GKvwaK Aw —Z`vZv Kvi‡Yi djkÖ“wZ n‡Z cv‡i bv |

Abyiƒc hw` aviYv Kiv nq †h, mKj cÖKvi m„wói R‡b¨ GKB m„wóKZ©v we`¨gvb, wKš‘ Zv‡ì ZËveavb I cwiPvjbvi `vwqZ Ab¨vb¨‡ì Dci b¨ —, Z‡e ZvÑI mwVK n‡Z cv‡i bv| KviY mKj m„ó welqB, Zvi Aw —‡Zi R‡b¨ mvwe©Kfv‡e Aw —Z`vZv Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj-Aci †Kvb ¯vaxb Aw —‡ZiB, Zvi Dci †Kvb AwaKvi ev cÖfve †bB| Z‡e †KejgvÎ H mKj cÖfveB we`¨gvb hv †Kvb GK Kvi‡Yi Kvh©mg~‡ni (1�� ) g‡a¨ cwi „ó nq| Z ycwi mKj wKQyB Aw —Z^`vZv KZ©vi cÖfve ej‡q Ges Avwac‡Zï AvIZvq Ae ’vb K‡i Ges ZvuiB mywba©vwiZ I mywbw ©ó AbygwZµ‡g mKj Kg© m¤cvw`Z nq| Avi G Ae ’vq ewY©Z ZËveavqK‡ì †KDB cÖK…Z iveŸ (-E�) n‡Z cv‡i bv| KviY iv‡eŸi ( -E� ) ¯iƒc nj ¯xq Avwac‡Zï AvIZvq ¯vaxbfv‡e ¯vwaKvi cÖwZôv Kiv| hw` g‡b Kiv nq †h, G ai‡bi cÖfve I AvwacZ¨ ¯^vaxb bq; eis mK‡jB m„wóKZ©vi cÖwZcvj‡bi Aaxb Ges †h ¶gZv m„wóKZ©v KZ…©K Awc©Z nq †m ¶gZvi Av‡jv‡K Kvh©m¤cv`b K‡i _v‡K| Z‡e G ai‡bi †Kvb cÖfyZ I ZËveav‡bi aviYv, cÖfy‡Zi GKZev‡ì mv‡_ †Kvb we‡iva m„wó K‡i bv| Abyiƒc †h m„RbKg© Avj−vni AbygwZµ‡g m¤cvw`Z nq e‡j g‡b Kiv nq, Zv-I m„Rb¶gZvi GK‡Zi mv‡_ †Kvb we‡iva m„wó K‡i bv| cweÎ †Kvivb I †iIqv‡qZmg~‡n G ai‡bi AbyPwiZ I civaxb m„wó I ZËveav‡bi K_v Avj−vni †Kvb †Kvb ev›`vM‡Yi †¶‡Î cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q| †hgb t nhiZ Cmv (Avt) m¤c‡K© cweÎ †Kviv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q t

Ñ Avi hLb Zzwg Kv`vgvwU Øviv Avgvi AbygwZµ‡g cvLxm „k AvK…wZ MVb Ki‡Z Ges Zv‡Z dzrKvi w`‡Z, d‡j Avgvi AbygwZµ‡g Zv cvLx n‡q ‡hZ| (m~iv gvwq`vn& Ñ110) Abyiƒc AviI ejv nq t

�� +&4�3 Ñ kc_ Zv‡ì hviv mKj Kg© wbev©n K‡i| (m~iv bvwhqvZ-5) Dcmsnv‡i ejv hvq, we‡ki R‡b¨ GKvwaK †Lv`vi aviYv, e —yMZ KviY I mnvqK

KviYmg~n‡K †Lv`vi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv †_‡K iƒc jvf K‡i‡Q Ges GKK Kv‡h©i R‡b¨ Zv‡ì (Kvi‡Yi) eû‡Z †Kvb mgm¨v †bB| Aciw`‡K Aw —Z`vZv KviY‡K G ai‡bi Kvi‡Yi mv „k¨ e‡j KíbvB Kiv hvq bv Ges †Kvb GKK Kv‡h©i Rb¨B GKvwaK Aw —Z`vZv KviY ev cÖfy wKsev ¯^vaxb ZËveavq‡Ki aiYv Kiv hvq bv |

AZGe G ai‡bi fyj aviYvi Acmvi‡Yi R‡b¨, GKw`‡K Aw —Z`vZv Kvi‡Yi A_© I G ai‡bi KviY‡Zi we‡klZ m¤c‡K© m~¶¥ „wó w`‡Z n‡e hv‡Z AeMZ nIqv hvq †h, †Kvb GKK Kv‡h©i R‡b¨ GK ai‡bi KviY‡Zi eûZ Am¤¢e| Aciw`‡K wek-eªþv‡Êi myk„sLj web¨vmeë ’v

m¤c‡K© wPš—v Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z my¯cóiƒ‡c cÖZxqgvb nq †h, G ai‡bi myk„sLj web¨vmeë ’v GkvwaK m„wóKZv© A_ev GkvwaK ¯vaxb iv‡eŸi ZËveav‡b n‡Z cv‡i bv|

cÖmsMµ‡g ¯có n‡q‡Q †h, gnvb Avj−vni †Kvb †Kvb ev›`vi R‡b¨ m„Rb ¶gZv I cÖwZcvjbZ hw` ¯vaxb ev Awbf©ikxj A‡_© bv nq Z‡e mywba©vwiZ wejvqvZ GKZev‡ì mv‡_ †Kvb Am½wZ m„wó K‡i bv | †hgb t gnvbex (mt) I cweÎ BgvgM‡Yi (Avt) wewaMZ wejqvZ ( !��$�� !� $� ) gnvb Avj−vni wewaMZ wejvqv‡Zi mv‡_ †Kvb we‡iva ev Am½wZ m„wó K‡i bv| KviY gnvb Avj−vni c¶ †_‡KB Zv Aby‡gvw`Z n‡q‡Q|

ZvInx‡ì A_© Kx ? f~wgKv t

ZvInx` (%�.��) kãwUi AvwfavwbK A_© nj ÔAwØZxq e‡j ¯xKvi KivÕ ev GKZev`| `k©b, Kvjvg, AvL&jvK I Bidvb we‡klÁM‡Yi fvlvq ÒZvInx`Ó kãwU GKvwaK A‡_© eëüZ nq| Z‡e G A_© ‡jv‡Z †Lv`vi GKZêv`‡K we‡kl „wó‡KvY †_‡K we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Avevi KL‡bv KL‡bv ÔZvInx‡ì cÖKvi‡f`Õ A_ev ÔZvInx‡ì —img~nÕ wk‡ivbv‡g ¯§iY Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Z‡e G¸‡jvi meKÕwU m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv G cÖe‡Üi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© bq|

AZGe GLv‡b Avgiv A‡c¶vK…Z cÖwm×Zi I mvhyR¨Zi cwifvlv¸‡jvi Av‡jvPbv K‡iB Zzó _vKe| 1| eû‡Zî A¯^xK…wZ t

ZvInx‡ì me©cÖ_g cÖwm× cwifvlvwU nj, †Lv`vi GK‡Z wekvm I eû‡Zi A¯xK…wZ| ÒZvInx`Ó cÖKvk¨ Askxev‡ì wei“‡× ev wecix‡Z Ae ’vb wb‡q _v‡K| `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK ¯vaxb †Lv`vi cÖwZ wekvm Giƒ‡c †h, Zv‡ì G‡Ki cÖwZ Ac‡ii †Kvb wbf©ikxjZv †bB G Askxev`x wekvm‡KI ZvInx` A¯xKvi K‡i| 2| †hŠwMKZvi A¯xK…wZ t

ZvInx‡ì wØZxq cwifvlvwU nj GK‡Zi wekvmv‡_© mËvi AwefvR¨Zv ev cÖfymËv, Kvh©Kix I mvg_© MZfv‡e As‡ki mgwó bv nIqv|

G A_©‡K AwaKvsk †¶‡Î bvÑ†evaK ¸Y ev wmdvZzm&mvjweqvn& (†hŠwMKZvi A¯xK…wZ) iƒ‡c eY©bv Kiv n‡q _v‡K (†hgbwU `kg cv‡V Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q)| KviY Avgv‡ì eyw×e„wË †hŠ‡Mi aviYv m¤c‡K© Ges cÖvmswMKfv‡e Zvi A¯xK…wZi mv‡_, AwefvR¨Zvi Zvrch© A‡c¶v AwaKZi cwiwPZ | 3| cÖfymËvi mv‡_ AwZwi³ ¸Yvejx ms‡hvR‡bi A¯xK…wZ t

ZvInx‡ì Z…Zxq cwifvlvwU cÖfymËvi mv‡_ Zuvi ¸Ymg~‡ni GKvZZv Ges mËvi mv‡_ AwZwi³ ev AwR©Z ¸Yvejx ms‡hvR‡bi A¯xK…wZ A‡_© eëüZ n‡q _v‡K-hv‡K ¸YMZ GKZ ejv nq| Z‡e †iIqv‡q‡Zi fvlvq G‡K Ô¸Yvejxi cwieR©bÕ bv‡g D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q| ZvInx‡ì G cwifvlvwU, hviv (†hgb t Avkv‡qix m¤cÖ`vq) †Lv`vi ¸Yvejx‡K Zvui mËvewnf~©Z AwZwi³ welq e‡j g‡b K‡ib Ges hviv ÔAócÖvPxb‡ZiÕ cÖe³v, Zv‡ì wecix‡Z Ae ’vb †bq |

¸YMZ GKZev‡ì ¯c‡¶ hyw³ nj t hw` Avj−vni cÖwZwU ¸YB ¯Zš¿ „óv‡š—i (6�%2) AwaKvix nq, Z‡e Zv wbgœwjwLZ K‡qKwU Ae ’vi e¨wZµg bq t

nq H ¸Y¸‡jvi „óvš— cÖfymËvi Aš—fy©³ e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡e, hvi Acwinvh© A_© n‡e, cÖfymËv nj GkvwaK As‡ki mgwó Ges BwZc~‡e© Avgiv cÖgvY K‡iwQ †h, G ai‡Yi †Kvb wKQy Am¤¢e A_ev H ¸Y¸‡jvi „óvš— mËvewnf~©Z e‡j we‡ewPZ nq Ges G Ae ’vq, nq ÔAwbevh© Aw —ZÕ I Ôm„wóKZ©vi Dci Awbf©ikxjÕ e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡e A_ev Ôm¤¢ve¨ Aw —ZÕ I Ôm„wóKZv©i Dci wbf©ikxjÕ e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡e|

wKš— ¸Y¸‡jvi Awbevh© Aw —Z¡ nIqvi A_© n‡e, mËvi GKvwaKZ I my¯có Askxev` Ges †Kvb gymjgvbB Gi `vwqZ MÖnY Ki‡e e‡j g‡b nq bv| Aciw`‡K ¸Y¸‡jvi Ôm¤¢ve¨ Aw —ZÕ nIqvi Acwinvh© A_© nj ÔcÖfymËvÕ H ¸Y¸‡jvi NvUwZ‡Z _vKvi d‡j H¸‡jv‡K m„wó KiZt mswk−ó ¸Ymg~‡n ¸YvwbZ n‡q‡Qb | †hgb t hwÌ gnvb Avj−vn Rxebnxb Z_vwc Rxeb bvgK GK Aw —Z‡K m„wó K‡ib Ges Zvi gva¨‡gB Rxeb jvf K‡ib| Abyiƒc Ávb, ¶vgZv BZ¨vw` †¶‡ÎI GKB aviYv iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i | A_P ÔAw —Z`vZv KviYÕ mËvMZfv‡e m„ó wel‡qi c~Y©Zvmg~‡ni NvUwZ‡Z _vK‡e, GUv Am¤¢e|

me©v‡c¶v j¾vRbK e¨vcvi nj GUv †h, ¯xq m„ó welqmg~‡ni Qvqvq Rxeb, Ávb I ¶gZvi AwaKvix nIqv Ges Ab¨vb¨ DrKl© ¸‡Y ¸YvwbZ nIqv|

Dc‡iv³ aviYv¸‡jvi eR©‡bi gva¨‡g my cóiƒ‡c cÖZxqgvb nq †h, cÖfyi ¸Ymg~n cÖfymËv wfbœ, ci¯ci m^Zb¢ª Ab¨ †Kvb `„óv‡š—i (6�%2) AwaKvix bq| eis Zv‡ì mK‡jB Ggb GK fvev_© †h, (ïaygvÎ) eyw×e„wËB, cÖfyi GKK, AwefvR¨, cweÎ mËv †_‡K c„_Kiƒ‡c Dc ’vcb K‡i _v‡K (wKš‘ ev —e RM‡Z Zv‡ì‡K Avjv`v K‡i fvev Am¤¢e)| 4| wµqvMZ GKZev` t

ZvInx‡ì PZy_© cwifvlvwU, `vk©wbK I Kvjvgkv ¿we`M‡Yi wbKU wµqvMZ GKZev` e‡j cwiwPZ| Avi Gi A_© nj t gnvb Avj−vn ¯xq Kg© m¤cv`‡bi R‡b¨ Kv‡iv Dci I †Kvb wKQyi DciB wbf©ikxj bb Ges wZwb †Kvb fv‡eB †Kvb Aw —‡Zî mvnv‡hï gyLv‡c¶x bb|

G welqwU Ô Aw —Z`vZv Kvi‡YiÕ we‡kl‡Zî Av‡jv‡K cÖgvY Kiv hvq, hv mKj Kv‡h©i (�� ) cÖwZôvZv| ‡Kbbv G ai‡bi Kvi‡Yi (Aw —Z`vZv KviY) Kvh©¸‡jv mg — Aw —‡Zi R‡b¨ D³ Kvi‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj| A_©vr `k©‡bi fvlvq, G Kvh©¸‡jv †Lv`vi mv‡_ cÖZ¨¶fv‡e m¤cK©hy³Õ Ges H ¸‡jvi †Kvb cÖKvi ¯wbf©iZv †bB |

Ab¨K_vq t †h †KD hv wKQyiB AwaKvix †nvK bv †Kb, Zv ZvuiB wbKU †_‡K Ges ZvuiB ¶gZvi Aaxb| ZvuiB ivR‡Zi cwigÊ‡j, ZvuiB mywba©vwiZ I cÖK…Z gvwjKvbvaxb| Ab¨ mevi ¶gZv I gvwjKvbv Zvui ¶gZv I gvwjKvbvi Dj‡g I wbgœ —‡i Ae ’vb K‡i Ges Zviv †Lv`vi ¶gZvi c‡_ †Kvb cÖKvi †K−k m„wó K‡i bv| †hgb t ev›`v DcvwR©Z m¤c‡ì Dci †h êa gvwjKvbv jvf K‡i Zv cÖfyi êa gvwjKvbvi Dj‡g^ Ae ’vb K‡i|

56�4 ��7 5&8 9 �� &�!�� Ôev›`v I hv wKQy Zvi wbKU Av‡Q, mKjB cÖfyi R‡b¨Õ| AZGe gnvb Avj−vn Ggb Kv‡iv mvnv‡hï gyLv‡c¶x n‡eb, hviv Zv‡ì mgMÖ Aw —‡Zi

R‡b¨ Zvui Dci wbf©i K‡i, Zv Kxiƒ‡c m¤¢e ? 5| ¯vaxb cÖfve t

ZvInx‡ì cÂg cwifvlvwU nj Ô¯vaxb cÖfveÕ1 A_©vr Avj−vni m„ó welqvw` ¯xq K‡g©i †¶‡ÎI Avj−vni cÖwZ wbf©ikxj| m„ó welqvwì ci¯c‡ii g‡a¨ †h cÖfve I Kg©ZrciZv we`¨gvb, Zv Avj−vniB AbygwZµ‡g, Avj−vn cÖ`Ë kw³ I ¶gZvq m¤cbœ nq| cÖK…Zc‡¶ GKgvÎ whwb Awbf©ikxj I ¯vaxbfv‡e me©Î I me©ve ’vq Ges mKj wKQyi Dci cÖfve †dj‡Z m¶g, wZwb n‡jb cweÎ mËvi AwaKvix gnvb Avj−vn| mKj Kg©ZrciZv I cÖfve Zvui Kg©ZrciZv I cÖfv‡ei Dj‡g^ Ae ’vb K‡i Ges ZvuiB cÖfv‡ei cÖwZdj‡b ¯xq Kg©m¤cv`b K‡i|

Avi Gi wfwË‡ZB cweÎ †Kvivb cÖvK…wZK wbe©vnKmg~n Ges AcÖvK…wZK wbev©nKmg~‡ni (†hgb t †d‡i —v, Rxb I gvbyl) mKj Kx©wZ‡K †Lv`vi cÖwZ Av‡ivc K‡i _v‡K | †hgb t e„wó el©Y, e„‡¶i D &Mgb I dj`vb BZ¨vw` †Lv`vqx KxwZ© e‡j AvL¨vwqZ nq| G R‡b¨ mycvwik Kiv nq †h, gvbyl †hb G †Lv`vqx KxwZ©‡K †Lv`vi Dj‡g wbKUeZx© †h wbev©nKmg~n we`¨gvb †m ¸‡jv‡Z Dcjwä I ¯xKvi K‡i Ges me© v G m¤c‡K© wPš—v K‡i|

Abyave‡bi R‡b¨ ˆ`bw›`b Rxeb †_‡K GKwU D`vniY D‡j−L Kie t hw` †Kvb Kvh©vj‡qi cÖavb †Kvb Kg©KZv© ev Kg©Pvix‡K †Kvb Kg© m¤cv`‡bi R‡b¨ Av‡`k cÖ vb K‡i, Z‡e Kg©wU Avw`ó Kg©KZ©v ev Kg©Pvix KZ…©K m¤cvw`Z n‡jI D”P ch©v‡q Gi `vq-`vwqZ H Kvh©vj‡qi cÖav‡bi DciB eZ©vq| GgbwK Ávbx‡ì „wó‡Z GUvB AwaKZi hyw³m½Z|

mywba©vwiZ KZ…©‡Zi ( 1� /�� ! ) †¶‡ÎI ch©vqµg we`¨gvb| ÔmKj wbev©n‡Ki Aw —Z^B gnvb Avj−vni B”Qvi Dci wbf©ikxjÕ, G „wó‡KvY †_‡K Zv gw —®‹MZ KwíZ wel‡qi gZB, hv KíbvKvixi Dci wbf©ikxj|

� �G!� '�� / d‡j †h †Kvb Kg©, †h †Kvb KZv©i gva¨‡gB m¤cbœ †nvK bv †Kb, D””Zi ch©v‡q Zv

gnvb Avj−vni AbygwZµ‡g, ZvuiB mywba©vwiZ B”Qvq ( ��!� +%��$� ) m¤cvw`Z n‡q‡Q e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e|

�. ��1�� 9�!� � �!� '�* �J� yÕwU ¸i“Zc~Y© wm×vš— t

wµqvMZ GKZev‡ì †gvÏvK_v nj, Ôgvbyl gnvb Avj−vn e¨ZxZ KvD‡K Ges †Kvb wKQy‡KB Dcvmbvi R‡b¨ †hvM¨ e‡j g‡b Ki‡e bvÕ| KviY BwZc~‡e© †hgbwU Avgiv Bw½Z K‡iwQjvg †h, ev›`vi wbKU Zvi m„wóKZ©v I cvjbKZ©v e¨ZxZ †KDB Dcvmbvi †hvM¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv| Ab¨K_vq t cÖfyZ nj m„Rb I cvjb KZ…©‡Zi Awe‡qvR¨ fvl¨ |

Aciw`‡K ZvInx‡ì †k‡lv³ A_©wU (¯vaxb cÖfve) †_‡K cÖvß DcmsnviwU nj t gnvb Avj−vni Dci gvby‡li c~Y© Av ’v _vKv, mKj K‡g©i R‡b¨B Zvui Dci wbf©i Kiv I GKgvÎ ZvuiB wbKU mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Kiv, GKgvÎ ZvuiB wbKU Avkv Kiv Ges wZwb e¨ZxZ Ab¨ KvD‡K fq bv Kiv; Ggb wK cÖZ¨vkv I Pvwn`vmg~n c~i‡Yi ¯vfvweK †¶Îmg~n cÖ —yZ bv _vK‡jI wbivk bv nIqv| KviY gnvb Avj−vn ¯vfvweK c_ wfbœ Ab¨ †Kvb c‡_I Zvui ev›`vi Pvwn`v I cÖ‡qvRb wgUv‡Z m¶g|

1| Av‡idMY wµqvMZ GKZev`‡K G A‡_© eënvi K‡i _v‡Kb |

Avi (Dc‡iv³ A_©Ø‡qi Abymvix) Ggb †Kvb gvbylB cÖfyi we‡kl AbyMÖ‡ni Aš—fy©³ Ges Af~Zc~e© gvbwmK I AvwZ¥K Zzwó‡Z cwic~Y© Rxe‡bi AwaKvix n‡q _v‡Kb|

��!�� -�� <��=.� �� / ��"� '� Ñ ‡R‡b ivL ! Avj−vni eÜy‡ì †Kvb fq ‡bB Ges Zviv ytwLZI n‡e bv| (m~iv BDbym - 62) Dc‡iv³ wm×vš—Øq wbgœwjwLZ AvqvZkix‡d mwbœwnZ i‡q‡Q Ñ†h AvqvZwU cÖ‡Z¨K

gymjgvb cÖZ¨n Kgc‡¶ `kevi Ave„wZ K‡i _v‡K| :!��; <�=8�� &�!; <�=8�

( cÖfy †n! ) Avgiv AvcbviB Dcvmbv Kwi Ges AvcbviB wbKU mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Kwi| (m~iv dvwZnv- 5 )

GKwU fyj aviYvi Ac‡bv`b t

GLv‡b m¤¢eZt GKwU fyj aviYvi AeKvk _vK‡Z cv‡i| h_v t hw` cwic~Y© ZvInx‡ì `vwe GUv n‡q _v‡K †h, gvbyl Avj−vn e¨ZxZ Ab¨ Kv‡iv wbKU mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Ki‡e bv| Z‡e Avj−vni g‡bvbxZ ev›`v I IjxM‡Yi �-�� Kiv ev kiYvcbœ nIqvI mwVK n‡Z cv‡i bv|

cÖwZDË‡i ej‡Z nq t Avj−vni IjxM‡Yi kiYvcbœ nIqv hw` G A‡_© nq †h, Zvuiv ¯vaxbfv‡e I Avj−vni Aby‡gv`b e¨ZxZB kiYv_x©i †Kvb Kg© m¤cv`b Ki‡eb, Z‡e G ai‡bi ZvIqvm&myj ZvInx‡ì mvhyR¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv| wKš‘ hw` G A‡_© nq †h, gnvb Avj−vn IjxMY‡K ¯xq AbyMÖ‡ni wbKUeZx© nIqvi Rb¨ gva¨g wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM w`‡q‡Qb Ges gvbyl‡KI Zvu‡ì kiYvcbœ nIqvi R‡b¨ Av‡`k w`‡q‡Qb, Z‡e G ai‡bi ZvIqvm&myj GKZêv‡ì mv‡_ †Kvb we‡iva †Zv m„wó K‡iB bv, eis Dcvmbv I AvÁvenZvi †¶‡Î GKZev‡ì gh©v`vq cwiMwYZ n‡e| KviY ZvuiB (Avj−vni) Av‡`‡k m¤cbœ n‡q _v‡K|

wKš‘ †Kb gnvb Avj−vn G ai‡bi gva¨gmg~n‡K ’vb w`‡q‡Qb Ges †KbBev gvbe m¤cÖ vq‡K Zvu‡ì kiYvcbœ n‡Z e‡j‡Qb ? Gi DË‡i ejv hvq †h, G HkwiK welqwUi cðv‡Z GKvwaK D‡Ïk¨ jyK¡vwqZ| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wbgœwjwLZ K‡qKwUi K_v D‡j−L Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i t Avj−vni Dchy³ ev›`vM‡Yi D”” gh©v`vi cwiPq cÖ vb, Dcvmbv I AvbyM‡Zï c‡_ Ab¨‡ì‡K Drmvn cÖ vb -hv Zvu‡ì G m¤§vwbZ ’v‡b †cŠuQvi KviY gvbyl‡K Zv‡ì Bev`Z I AvbyM‡Zï R‡b¨ AnsKvi Kiv †_‡K weiZ ivLv Ges hviv wb‡R‡ì‡K m‡e©v”” Avm‡bi AwaKvix I c~Y©Zg gvbe wn‡m‡e g‡b K‡ib Zv‡ì‡K †m åvwš— †_‡K gyw³ cÖ`vb| ytLRbK n‡jI mwZ¨ †h, me©‡k‡l ewY©Z e¨vcviwU hviv Avn‡j evBZM‡Yi (Avt) wejvqvZ‡K A¯xKvi K‡i Ges hviv Zvu‡ì kiYvcbœ nIqv †_‡K ewÂZ, Zv‡ì g‡a¨ cwijw¶Z n‡q _v‡K |

Rve&i I GLwZqvi f~wgKv t

†hgbwU c~e©eZx© cvVmg~‡n Bw½Z Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, Ô¯vaxb KxwZ©‡Z ZvInx`Õ nj GKwU Ag~j¨ wk¶v, hv gvby‡li AvZ¥cwiïw×‡Z ¸i“Z^c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| Avi G R‡b¨B cweÎ †Kviv‡b G welqwUi Dci h‡_ó ¸i“Zv‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges wewfbœfv‡e Zvi mwVK aviYv †`qvi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb t mKj welq‡K cÖfyi Aby‡gv`b, B”Qv, K¡vRv I K¡v`v‡ii mv‡_ m¤cwK©Z e‡j wekvm Kiv |

Z‡e G welqwUi mwVK Abyave‡bi R‡b¨ GKw`‡K †hgb t eyw×e„wËK I wPš—vMZ weKv‡ki cÖ‡qvRb, Aciw`‡K †Zgwb mwVK e¨vL¨v I wk¶vi cÖ‡qvRb| hviv h‡_ó eyw×e„wËK weKv‡ki NvUwZ‡Z Av‡Qb A_ev †Kviv‡bi cÖK…Z e¨vL¨vKvix I cweÎ c_cÖ k©KM‡Yi wk¶v-`x¶v †_‡K wb‡R‡K ewÂZ K‡i‡Qb, Zviv wb‡R‡ì‡K wePy wZ I åvwš—i c‡_ †V‡j w`‡q‡Qb| Zviv G welqwU‡K, †h †Kvb cÖKv‡ii cÖfve I KviYZ GKvš—B gnvb Avj−vn †_‡K ÑG A‡_© eënvi K‡i‡Qb Ges †Kviv‡bi my có Avqv‡Zi e¨wZµ‡g †h †Kvb cÖKvi cÖfve I KviYZ‡K gva¨g I (DjwgK) KviYmg~n †_‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡ì g‡Z Avj−vni cÖK…wZ Giƒc †h, wZwb Av¸‡bi Dcw ’wZ‡Z Zvc m„wó K‡ib A_ev Avnvi MÖnY I cvwb cv‡bi mgq ¶yav wbeviY I Z…wß‡K Aw —‡Z Av‡bb, bZyev Zvc, ¶yav wbeviY I Z…wßi R‡b¨ Av¸b, Avnvi I cvwbi †Kvb f~wgKv †bB|

G wPš—vMZ wePy wZi Kzdj¸‡jv‡K Avgiv gvby‡li ¯vaxb Kg©KvÊ I Zvi `vwqZ m¤cwKZ© wel‡qi Av‡jvPbvq ’vb wè| A_©vr G ai‡bi wPš—vi dj nj t gvby‡li Kg©Kv‡Êi `vq-`vwqZ cÖZ¨¶fv‡e gnvb Avj−vni Dci eZ©vq Ges H mKj Kg©Kv‡Ûi e¨vcv‡i gvby‡li KZ©„Z m¤c~Y©iƒ‡c A ¦xK…Z nq| d‡j †KDB Zvi K‡g©i R‡b¨ `vqx n‡e bv|

Ab¨K_vq t G ai‡bi eµwPš—vi GKwU aŸsmvZK cÖfve nj, Rve&wiqvZ I gvby‡li KZ©e¨civqYZvi AmxK…wZ Z_v gvby‡li ¸i“Zc~Y© we‡kl‡Zi A¯xK…wZ, wb®djZv Ges gvbwmK, PvwiwÎK I Ava¨vwZ¥K cwiPh©v Z_v Bmjvgx wewa-eë ’vi Ab—tmvik~b¨Zv| KviY †hLv‡b gvbyl Zvi Kg©Kv‡Êi †¶‡Î ¯vaxb wbe©vP‡bi AwaKvi iv‡L bv, †mLv‡b `vwqZ¡, KZ©e¨, Av‡`k-wb‡la Ges cyi¯‹vi-wZi¯‹v‡ii †Kvb cÖkœB Av‡m bv| eis mywba©vwiZ web¨vm eë ’vi wbi_©KZv I AmviZv Acwinvh© n‡q c‡o| KviY cweÎ AvqvZ,1 †iIqvqvZ I e„w×e„wËK hyw³i gva¨‡g hv cvIqv hvq, Zvi wfwË‡Z ejv hvq, G wekcÖK…wZ‡K m„wói GKgvÎ D‡Ïk¨ wQj, gvbe m„wói †¶Î cÖ y—Z Kiv, hv‡Z gbyl¨m¤cÖ vq ¯xq wbe©vPb ¶gZvi gva¨‡g myKg© m¤cv`b, Dcvmbv I AvbyM‡Zï gva¨‡g DrK‡l©i m‡e©v”” —‡i Av‡ivnY KiZt gnvb Avj−vni ˆbKU¨ jv‡f m¶g nq Ges gnvb Avj−vni we‡kl AbyMÖn jv‡fi R‡b¨ Dchy³ nq| hw` gvby‡li ¯^xq Kg©Kv‡Ûi †¶‡Î wbev©PbvwaKvi bv _v‡K Ges †Kvb `vwqZI bv _v‡K Z‡e cyi¯‹vi, Abš— AbyMÖn I cÖfyi mš‘wói R‡b¨ Zvi †Kvb Dchy³ZvI _vK‡e bv| d‡j m„wói D‡ÏkÏ e¨vnZ n‡e| Ges m„wó RMr wbkx‡_i bvU¨kvjvq ch©ewkZ n‡e, †hb gvbyl Avcb nv‡Z g~wZ© Moj I A‡bï B”Qvaxb Zv‡ì g‡a¨ MwZi mÂvi nj, AZtci †KD †KD cyi¯‹„Z I cÖkswmZ nj, †KDev Avevi wZi¯‹„Z I kvw — cÖvß nj ! 1| m~iv û`-7, m~iv g~jK-2, m~iv Kvnvd-7, m~iv hvwiqvZ-56, m~iv Zievn-72|

G fqsKi AcwPš—vi cÖPvi I cÖmv‡i me‡P‡q ¸i“Z^c~Y© f~wgKv †i‡L‡Q AZ¨vPvix kvmK‡Mvôxi ivR‰bwZK Awfjvl| KviY Gi gva¨‡g Zviv Zv‡ì Avcb KzK‡g©i e¨vL¨v w`‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Q Ges wbixn I Am‡PZb Rb‡Mvôx‡K wb‡R‡ì ytkvmb I †bZ…‡Zi AvÁven n‡Z eva¨ Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q; GKBmv‡_ m¶g n‡q‡Q †h †Kvb cÖKvi cÖwZev`, cÖwZ‡iva I Av‡›`vjb †_‡K RbMY‡K ~‡i ivL‡Z| mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© RvwZmg~‡ni AÁZv I Am‡PZbZvi R‡b¨ Rve&wiqvZ‡KB ¸i“Zc~Y© KviY e‡j MYbv Kiv DwPr|

Aciw`‡K hviv wKQyUv n‡jI G eµwPš—vi ye©jZv¸‡jv‡K Abyaveb Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Qb, wKš‘ bv Zviv cwic~Y© ZvInx` I Rve‡ii A¯xK…wZi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Ki‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Qb, bv Zviv cweÎ I wb®cvc Avn‡j evBZM‡Yi (Avt) ÁvbfvÊvi †_‡K jvfevb n‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Qb| d‡j Zviv mgc©Yev‡` (4��)�) wekvm ’vcb K‡i‡Qb Ges gvby‡li wbe©vPbvaxb Kg©KvÊ‡K gnvb Avj−vni cÖfve ejq †_‡K gy³ e‡j g‡b K‡i‡Qb | cÖK…Zc‡¶ ZvivI Ab¨ GK cÖKvi wePz wZ I eµwPš—vi Rv‡j AvUKv c‡o‡Qb Ges Bmjv‡gi gnvgwng wk¶v-`x¶v I Zvi mydj †_‡K ewÂZ n‡q‡Qb|

wKb—y hviv Gi ¯iƒc Abyave‡b m¶g n‡q‡Qb Ges GKB mv‡_ †Kviv‡bi cÖK…Z e¨vL¨vKvix I wk¶KMY‡K kbv³ Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Qb, Zviv G eµwPb—v †_‡K cweÎ ‡_‡K‡Qb| Zviv GKw`‡K †hgb ¯xq wbev©Pbvaxb Kg©KvÊ‡K cÖfy cÖ Ë ¶gZvi Av‡jv‡K m¤cbœ nq e‡j g‡b K‡i‡Qb I GZ`mswk−ó mKj `vq-`vwqZ^‡K MÖnY K‡i‡Qb, Aciw`‡K †Zgwb cÖfyi gwngvwšZ ¯vaxb KxwZ©mg~n‡K D”” ch©v‡q Dcjwä Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Qb| hvi djkª“wZ‡Z G Ag~j¨ cwiwPwZi ¯iƒc‡K Abyaveb Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb|

gnvbex nhiZ gyn¤§` (mt) Gi cweÎ Avn‡j evBZM‡Yi (Avt) wbKU †_‡K †h †iIqv‡qZ Avgv‡ì Kv‡Q †cŠu‡Q‡Q, Zv‡Z G m¤c‡K© my¯có eY©bvi mÜvb wg‡j, †h¸‡jv ¶gZv (1/�H��), Rve‡ii A¯^xK…wZ (�*,!� �)�), mgc©Yev` (4��)�) BZ¨vw` wk‡ivbv‡g Ges AbygwZ (��), B”Qv (C%�� 1� ), Avj−vni K¡vRv I Kv¡ì BZ¨vwì Aš©—f~³ n‡q nv`xm kix‡d msiw¶Z Av‡Q| Abyiƒc GgbI nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, A¶g e¨w³iv †hb G m~² welqwU wb‡q gv_v bv Nvgvq| KviY G‡Z Zviv wePz Z I c_åó n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i|

hv‡nvK Rve&i I GL&wZqv‡ii Av‡jvPbvi wewfbœ w`K i‡q‡Q, hvi me¸‡jv m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv G cÖe‡Üi D‡Ïk¨ bq| Z‡e welqe ‘i ¸i“‡Zi Dci wfwË K‡i ‡m¸wji †Kvb †Kvb w`‡Ki Dci mij e¨vL¨v cÖ`v‡bi †Póv Kie| Abyiƒc hviv G wel‡qi Dci AwaKZi M‡elYvq AvMÖnx, Zv‡ì‡K civgk© wè hv‡Z eyw×e„wËK I `vk©wbK wfwËi Dci ÁvbvR©‡bi R‡b¨ h‡_ó âh© I ˆ ’h© AR©b K‡ib| GLwZqv‡ii e¨vL¨v t

wm×vš— †bqvi I wbe©vP‡bi ¶gZv gvby‡li cwiwPwZi †¶‡Î GKwU ¯Ztwm× welq e‡j cwiMwYZ| KviY cÖ‡Z¨‡KB wbf©~j cÖZ¨¶ Áv‡bi gva¨‡g ¯xq Af¨š—‡i G‡K Lyu‡R cvq; †hgwbK‡i Ab¨vb¨ gvbwmK Ae ’v m¤c‡K© G Áv‡bi gva¨‡g AeMZ nq| GgbwK hLb †Kvb e¨vcv‡i †KD m‡›`n K‡i ZLb H m‡›`‡ni Dcw ’wZ‡KI cÖZ¨¶ Áv‡bi gva¨‡g Abyaveb K‡i _v‡K Ges G e¨vcv‡i †Kvb cÖKvi wØav-Ø›Ø‡K wb‡Ri g‡a¨ ’vb w`‡Z cv‡i bv |

Abyiƒc †h †KD ¯xq Af¨š—‡i wKwÂr g‡bv‡hvM w`‡jB Abyaveb Ki‡Z cv‡i ‡h, †Kvb K_v ej‡e ? bv, ej‡e bv ? nvZ bvo‡e ? bv, bvo‡e bv? Avnvi MÖnY Ki‡e? bv, Ki‡e bv? BZ¨vw`|

†Kvb Kv‡Ri wm×vš— KL‡bv KL‡bv cÖe„wËMZ cvkweK Pvwn`vi Dci wfwË K‡i †bqv nq| †hgb t ¶yav_© Avnvi MÖn‡Yi B”Qv K‡i, Z…òvZ© cvwb cv‡bi B”Qv K‡i BZ¨vw`| Avevi KL‡bv KL‡bv eyw×e„wËK Pvwn`v‡K Zzó Kivi R‡b¨ Ges myD”” gvbweK g~j¨‡eva‡K ev —evq‡bi R‡b¨ G wm×vš— †bqv nq| †hgb t †Kvb Amy ’ ¯xq †ivM wbivg‡qi R‡b¨ wZ³ Jla †meb K‡i Ges †jvfbxq Lv‡`ï ¯v` MÖnY †_‡K wb‡R‡K weiZ iv‡L A_ev †Kvb we`¨v AR©bKvix ÁvbvR©b I mZ¨ D`NvU‡bi c‡_ ¯xq e ‘MZ Kvgbv †_‡K wb‡R‡K ~‡i iv‡L Ges AK−vš— cwikª‡gi gv‡S wb‡R‡K gyn¨gvb iv‡L A_ev Av‡Z¥vrmM©Kvix ˆmwbK ghv©`vc~Y© g~j¨‡ev‡a †cŠuQvi R‡b¨ GgbwK Avcb wcÖq Rxeb‡K ch©š— DrmM© K‡i|

cÖK…Zc‡¶ gvbweK g~j¨‡ev‡ai cÖKvk ZLbB N‡U hLb wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii PvIqv-cvIqvi g‡a¨ we‡iva m„wó nq Ges e¨w³ PvwiwÎK cÖK…óZv, AvwZ¥K DrKl©, Avj−vni ˆbKU¨ I mš‘wó AR©‡bi R‡b¨ ¯xq KzcÖe„wË I cvkweK Kvgbv †_‡K wb‡R‡K weiZ iv‡L| h‡ZvwaK †Kvb gvbyl ¯vaxbfv‡e I m‡PZbfv‡e wbe©vP‡bi gva¨‡g †Kvb Kg© m¤cv`b Ki‡e, AvwZ¥K I gvbweK DrKl© ev cðvrc`Zvi †¶‡Î Z‡ZvwaK cÖfve _vK‡e Ges ciKvjxb cyi¯‹vi ev kvw —i R‡b¨ Dchy³Zi n‡e|

Z‡e cvkweK B”Qvi wei“‡× cÖwZ‡iv‡ai ¶gZv mKj gvby‡li g‡a¨ me wel‡q GKiKg bq| wKš‘ cÖ‡Z¨K gvbylB Kg-†ekx G Avj−vn cÖ Ë êfe (¯vaxb wbe©vPbvwaKvi) †_‡K jvfevb n‡Z cv‡i Ges (cÖwZ‡iv‡ai R‡b¨) hZ‡ekx Abykxjb Ki‡e cÖwZ‡iva ¶gZv ZZ‡ekx „pZi n‡e |

AZGe ¯vaxb wbev©Pb ¶gZvi Aw —Z m¤c‡K© wØav-Ø‡›Øi ‡Kvb my‡hvM †bB Ges G we‡eKcÖm~Z I ¯Ztwm× welqwU m¤c‡K© wewfbœ cÖKvi m‡›`n, wØavi gva¨‡g gw —®‹‡K mwÜ» K‡i †djv AbywPr| ‡hgbwU Avgiv Bw½Z K‡iwQjvg †h, ¯vaxb wbe©vPb ¶gZv GKwU ¯Ztwm× g~jbxwZ wn‡m‡e mKj PvwiwÎK I Ava¨vwZ¥K cwiPh©vi cÖwZôv‡b, wewfbœ a‡g© Ges Hkx weav‡b M„nxZ n‡q‡Q| G g~jbxwZ e¨wZ‡i‡K `vwqZ†eva I KZ©e¨, cÖksmv ev fr©mbv, kvw — ev cyi®‹v‡ii †Kvb ’vb †bB |

Z‡e hv G ¯Ztwm× mZ¨ †_‡K wePz wZi I Rve&wiqv‡Zi KviY n‡q‡Q, Zv KZ¸‡jv åvš— aviYv ê wKQyB bq| d‡j G ¸‡jvi Reve w`‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z †Kvb cÖKvi Kzgš¿Yv I wØav-Ø‡›Øi my‡hvM bv _v‡K | Avi ZvB GLv‡b Avgiv AwZkq åvš— aviYv¸‡jvi Ac‡bv`‡b msw¶ß Av‡jvPbvq g‡bvwb‡ek Kie| Rve&iev`x‡ì åvš— aviYvi Reve t

Rveiev`x‡ì ¸i“Zi fyjaviYv¸‡jv I H¸‡jvi Rveve wb‡gœ eY©bv Kiv nj t 1| gvby‡li B”Qv, Af¨š—ixY cÖe„wË ev Kvgbv RvMi‡Yi gva¨‡g iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i| Avi G

ai‡bi Kvgbv, GKw`‡K †hgb gvby‡li wbe©vP‡bi ¶gZvaxb bq, Aciw`‡K †Zgwb †Kvb evwn¨K Kvi‡Yi cÖfv‡eI Av‡›`vwjZ nq bv| AZGe ¯vaxb wbe©vPb ¶gZvi †Kvb ’vb _vK‡Z cv‡i bv|

Reve t Avf¨š—ixY cÖe„wËi RvMiY, ¯vaxb wbe©vPb I wm×v‡š—i Rb¨ Dchy³ †¶Î m„wó K‡i -†Kvb Kv‡Ri wm×vš— †`q bv, hvi d‡j Avf¨š—ixY cÖe„wËi RvMi‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖwZ‡iva ¶gZv nvwi‡q eva¨Zvg~jK †Kvb d‡j DcbxZ n‡e| Gi cÖgvY GB †h, AwaKvsk ‡¶‡Î gvbyl‡K wØav-Ø‡›Øi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq Ges H e¨vcv‡i wm×vš— †bqvi R‡b¨ wPš—v-fvebv I H K‡g©i jvf-†jvKmvb‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡Z nq Ges KL‡bv KL‡bv Zv K‡Vvi cwikª‡gi gva¨‡g AwR©Z nq|

2| Ávb-weÁv‡bi wewfbœ kvLvq hv cÖwZwôZ n‡q‡Q Zvi wfwË‡Z ejv hvq, DËivwaKvi, MÖwš’i¶iY, Z‡`vbyiƒc cvwicvwk©K I mvgvwRK Ae ’vI gvby‡li †Kvb wm×v‡š—i †¶‡Î cÖfve †d‡j Ges Zv‡ì cvi¯cwiK AvPvi-eënv‡ii êmv „kÏ G KviY¸‡jvi êmv „‡kï d‡j iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i| †hgbwU agx©q `„wó‡KvY †_‡KI †gvUvgywU Aby‡gv`b †c‡q‡Q| AZGe gvby‡li KxwZ©-Kg© Zvi ¦vaxb wbe©vPb ¶gZv †_‡K cwiM„nxZ -G K_v ejv hvq bv|

Reve t GLwZqvi I ¯vaxb B”Qv‡K ¯xKvi Kivi A_© G bq †h, D‡j−wLZ KviY¸‡jvi cÖfve‡K A¯xKvi Kiv| eis Gi A_© GB †h, G KviY¸‡jvi Aw —Z _vK‡jI gvbyl G¸‡jv‡K cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges hLb GKvwaK cÖe„wË ev Kvgbvi g‡a¨ we‡iva m„wó nq, ZLb †m Zv‡ì GKwU‡K wbe©vPb Ki‡Z m¶g|

Z‡e G KviY¸‡jvi †Kvb †KvbwUi ZxeªZv, KL‡bv KL‡bv H¸‡jvi e¨wZµgx †Kvb K‡g©i wbev©P‡bi †¶‡Î mgm¨v m„wó K‡i| wKš‘ G ai‡bi cÖwZ‡iva I wbev©Pb, wewbg‡q DrKl© I c~Y©Zvi †¶‡Î AwaKZi cÖfve †d‡j Ges cyi¯‹v‡ii R‡b¨ Zvi Dchy³Zv‡K AwaKZi K‡i _v‡K, †hgb t wb`vi“b DrKÚv I Ab¨vb¨ KwVb Ae ’v, Aciva I kvw — jvN‡ei KviY n‡q _v‡K|

3| Rve&iev`x‡ì Aci GKwU fyj aviYv nj t gnvb Avj−vn we‡ki mKj NUbv-`yN©Ubv m¤c‡K© D`vniYZt gvby‡li Kg©KvÊ m¤c‡K©, Zv NUvi c~‡eB AeMZ Av‡Qb Ges cÖfyi Ávb nj fyj-åvwš— weewR©Z| myZivs msMZ Kvi‡YB mKj NUbv gnvb Avj−vni Abvw` Ávbvbymv‡iB N‡U _vK‡e hvi e¨wZµg Kiv Am¤¢e| AZGe ¯vaxb wbe©vP‡bi †Kvb my‡hvM †bB|

Reve t mKj NUbv ‡hiƒ‡cB NUzK bv †Kb, cÖfyi Ávb mKj wKQy‡K cwi‡eób K‡i Av‡Q Ges gvbyl KZ…©K ¯vaxbfv‡e wbe©vwPZ Kg©KvÊ¸‡jvI ¯vaxb‡Zi êwkó¨mn gnvb Avj−vni AeMwZi AvIZvq Ae ’vb K‡i| AZGe hw` Rve&wiqv‡Zi êwkó¨ mnKv‡i †Kvb NUbv N‡U, Z‡e Zv †Lv`vi Ávb ewnf~©Z NUbv wn‡m‡e cwiMwYZ n‡e| ‡hgb t gnvb Avj−vn AeMZ Av‡Qb †h, †Kvb we‡kl kZ©vaxb, †Kvb we‡kl e¨w³ †Kvb Kg© m¤cv`‡bi wm×vš— wb‡e Ges Zv m¤cbœ Ki‡e| Giƒc bq †h, Avj−vni Ávb, ¯vaxb wbev©Pb I B”Qvi mv‡_ D³ K‡g©i m¤cK©‡K AMÖvn¨ K‡i ïaygvÎ NUbvwU NUv m¤c‡K©B AeMZ| AZGe Avj−vni Abvw` Ávb, B”Qv I ¯vaxb wbev©Pb ¶gZvi mv‡_ †Kvb we‡iva m„wó K‡i bv|

Rve&iev`x‡ì Aci GKwU åvš— aviYv, K¡vRv I K¡v`vi mswk−ó hv Zv‡ì g‡Z gvby‡li ¯vaxb wbe©vPb ¶gZvi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© bq| Avgiv cieZx© cv‡V G welqwU m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbvi cÖqvm cve|

K¡vhv I K¡v`vi K¡vhv I K¡v`‡ii Zvrch© t

K¡v`vi (�%�) kãwUi A_© nj ÔcwigvcÕ Ges ZvK¡wì (��%&�) kãwUi A_© nj Ôcwigvcb ev †Kvb wKQy‡K wbw ©ó cwigv‡c ˆZix KivÕ Avi K¡vhv (<�@�) kãwU ÔP~ovš—fv‡e m¤cbœKiY ev Kg© m¤cv`bÕ (eyw×gËvMZ cÖKvivš—‡i) ev ÔgxgvsmvÕ BZ¨vw` A‡_© eëüZ nq| KL‡bv KL‡bv G ywU kã mgv_©‡evaK kãiƒ‡c ÔfvM¨wjwcÕ A‡_© eëüZ n‡q _v‡K|

cÖfy KZ…©K cwigvcb A_© nj; gnvb Avj−vn mKj wKQyi R‡b¨B msL¨vMZ I ¸YMZ ’vb, Kvj I cvÎMZ cwigvY wba©viY K‡i‡Qb, hv ch©vqµ‡g wewfbœ KviY I wbe©vn‡Ki cÖfv‡e ev —e iƒc jvf K‡i _v‡K| Avi cÖfy KZ…©K P~ovš—fv‡e m¤cbœKiY ev gxgvsmvi A_© nj GB †h, †Kvb NUbvi †¶Î I KviY, f~wgKvmg~‡ni Dchy³ †hvMv‡bi ci, gnvb Avj−vn H NUbv‡K wbwðZ I P~ovš— ch©v‡q DbœxZ K‡ib|

Dc‡iv³ e¨vL¨vbymv‡i, ZvK¡w`‡ii —i nj K¡vhvi c~‡e©, hvi K‡qKwU ch©vq we`¨gvb| G ÔZvK¡wìÕ `~ieZx© cÖviw¤¢Kv (%��*!� $%&) gaëZx© cÖviw¤¢Kv H��!� $%&( ) I wbKUeZx© cÖviw¤¢Kvi (E��&!� $-%&) mgš‡q iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i Ges †Kvb †Kvb kZ© ev Kvi‡Yi cwieZ©‡b cwiewZ©Z iƒc jvf K‡i| †hgb t åƒ‡Yi `kv¸‡jv nj, h_vµ‡g kyµvYy (A)H�) RgvU i³ (A& /) gvsmwcÊ (A>@) †_‡K c~Y©v½ åƒ‡Y iƒcvb—i| G `kv¸‡jvB nj åƒ‡Yi ZvK¡wì, hv wbw ©ó ’vb I Kvj‡KI mgwšZ K‡i Ges G ch©vq¸‡jvi †Kvb GKwUi Abycw ’wZ Zvi ZvK¡w`‡ii

cwieZ©b e‡j cwiMwYZ nq| wKš‘ K¡vhv nj GK`kv wewkó (��%) Ges mswk−ó mKj cÖKvi kZ© I Kvi‡Yi Dcw ’wZi mv‡_ m¤cK©hy³ Ñhv mywbwðZ I AjsNbxq| �� 3 >7 #� ��'8 ��=;�3 ?�� 2$% �@�

wZwb hLb wKQy w ’i K‡ib, ZLb ïay e‡jb ÔnIÕ Ges Zv n‡q hvq (m~iv Av‡j BgivbÑ47) *| wKš‘ BwZc~‡e© D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, KL‡bv KL‡bv K¡vhv I K¡v`vi mgv_©K kãiƒ‡c

eëüZ nq| Avi G „wó‡KvY †_‡K Zv ÔmywbwðZ I AwbwðZÕ G yÕfv‡M wef³ n‡q _v‡K| Aciw`‡K mgv_©K A‡_© eënƒZ nq e‡jB †Kvb †Kvb †iIqv‡qZ I †`vqvq ÔK¡vhv‡KÕ cwieZ©bkxj e‡j D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb t mv &Kvn&, wcZv-gvZvi cÖwZ m`vPiY, AvZ¥xq-¯^R‡bi mv‡_ mym¤cK© i¶v Kiv Ges †`vqv Kiv BZ¨vw` K¡vhvi cwieZ©‡b f~wgKv iv‡L e‡j ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| ZvwË¡K Ges cÖZ¨¶ K¡vhv I K¡v`vi t

KL‡bv KL‡bv Hkx ÔZvK¡wì I K¡vRvÕ K_vwU, NUbv msNU‡bi cÖviw¤¢Kv, KviY I k‡Z©i †hvMvb m¤c‡K©, Z`byiƒc Zvi mywbwðZ msNUb m¤c‡K© Ôgnvb Avj−vni ÁvbÕ, A‡_© eënƒZ nq| Avi ZLb G‡K ÔZvwË¡K K¡vhv I K¡v`vi' (� �!� �%&!� � �@&!�) ejv n‡q _v‡K| Avevi KL‡bv KL‡bv †Kvb NUbvi mv‡_ Zvi ch©vqµwgK `kv¸‡jvi m¤cK© Ges Abyiƒc Zv‡ì cÖZ¨¶ msNU‡b gnvb Avj−vni m¤cK© A‡_© eënƒZ nq| Avi ZLb G†K cÖZ¨¶ K¡vhv I K¡v`vi

*

G Qvov wbgœwjwLZ AvqvZ¸‡jvI ªóe¨ t m~iv evK¡vivÑ117, m~iv gvwiqvgÑ35, m~iv MvwdiÑ 68|

( !��!� �%&!� � �@& ) ejv n‡q _v‡K| wewfbœ AvqvZ I †iIqv‡qZ †_‡K hZUzKz Rvbv hvq Zv‡Z cwi „ó nq †h, mKj NUbv wVK

†hiƒc ev —e RM‡Z msNwUZ n‡e, †m m¤c‡K© cÖfyi Ávb, Ô†jŠ‡n gvndzRÕ bvgK cweÎ I mgybœZ m„ó wel‡q msiw¶Z Av‡Q| whwb gnvb Avj−vni AbygwZµ‡g Gi mvwbœ‡a¨ †cuŠQ‡eb, wZwb AZxZ I fwel¨‡Zi mKj NUbv m¤c‡K© AeMZ n‡eb| Abyiƒc A‡c¶vK…Z wbgœ —‡ii djKmg~nI (7��!�) we`¨gvb, †hLv‡b NUbvmg~n Amgvß I kZ©hy³ Ae ’vq wjwce× Av‡Q| hw` †KD (Avj−vni AbygwZµ‡g) Gi ˆbK‡U¨ m¶g nb Z‡e wZwb mxgve× msev` m¤c‡K© AeMZ n‡Z cvi‡eb, hv kZ©vaxb I cwieZ©b‡hvM¨| m¤¢eZt wbgœwjwLZ AvqvZwU G yÕai‡bi fvM¨wjwc m¤c©‡KB mv¶x cÖ vb K‡i t

�AB �� =C� 5&�" � ��8 � D�E8 �� F� Avj−vni hv B”Qv Zv wbwðý K‡ib Ges hv B”Qv ZvB cÖwZwôZ iv‡Lb Avi ZvuiB wbKU Av‡Q wKZv‡ei g~j| (myiv ivÕ `-39) D‡j−L¨ AwbwðZ I kZ©vaxb ÔZvK¡ ximg~n‡KÕ †iIqv‡q‡Zi fvlvq Õev`v (<�%*) bvgKiY

Kiv n‡q‡Q| hv ‡nvK ÔZvwË¡K K¡vhv I K¡v`v‡iiÕ cÖwZ wekvm, Avj−vni Abvw` Ávb m¤c‡K© hv ejv

n‡q‡Q Zv A‡c¶v mgm¨vmsKzj bq| c~e©eZx© cv‡V †Lv`vi Ávb m¤c‡K©, Rve&iev`x‡ì åvš— aviYvi Dci Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡qwQj Ges †mLv‡b Zv‡ì aviYvi Aš—tmviïb¨Zv cÖwZcbœ n‡qwQj|

wKš‘ ÔcÖZ¨¶ K¡vhv I K¡v`v‡iiÕ cÖwZ wek^vm we‡k‡lK‡i ÔmywbwðZ fvM¨wjwciÕ cÖwZ wekvm K‡Vvi mgm¨vi m¤gyLxb nq| myZivs H mgm¨v¸‡jvi mgvav‡b m‡Pó ne -hwÌ Gi msw¶c— DËi Ô¯vaxb cÖfveÕ wk‡ivbv‡g GKZ¡ev‡ì Av‡jvPbvq †`qv n‡q‡Q| gvby‡li GL&wZqv‡ii mv‡_ K¡vhv I K¡v`v‡ii m¤cK© t

BwZg‡a¨B Avgiv †R‡bwQ †h, cÖZ¨¶ K¡vhv I K¦v`v‡ii cÖwZ wek¦v‡mi `vwe nj GB †h, m„ó wel‡qi Aw —Z¦‡K, m„wói ïi“ †_‡K weKvkKvj ch©š— I Zrci Awš—gjMœ ch©š—, GgbwK ~ieZ©x cÖviw¤¢Kvi †hvMvb Kvj‡KI cÖÁvevb cÖfyi Ávbvaxb e‡j wekvm Kiv| †Zgwb m„wói kZ©mg~‡ni †hvMvb I P~ovš— ch©v‡q ‡cuŠQv‡K cÖfyi B”Qv ev Biv`v mswk−ó e‡j MYbv Kiv| 1

Ab¨K_vq t me wKQyiB Aw —Z¦ †Lv`vi AbygwZ I mywbav©wiZ B”Qvi Dci wbf©ikxj Ges Zuvi AbygwZ e¨ZxZ †Kvb wKQyB Aw —‡Z¦i gq`v‡b cv †dj‡Z cv‡ibv| †Zgwb me wKQyB Avj−vn KZ…©K wba©vwiZ ZvK¡wì I K¡vhvi Dci wbf©ikxj, hv e¨ZxZ †Kvb Aw —Z¡kxjB ¦xq AvqvZb, AvK…wZ I we‡klZ¡ cÖvc— nq bv I P~ovš— ch©v‡q †cuŠ‡Q bv| G m¤c‡K©i eY©bv I Gi ¦c‡¶ mv¶¨ cÖ vb nj cÖK…Zc‡¶ Ô ¦vaxb cÖfveÕ A‡_© ZvInx‡ìB wk¶v, hv nj GKZ¦ev‡ì m‡e©v”P —i Ges hv gvbe m¤cÖ v‡qi Av‡Ívbœq‡b ¸i“Z¦c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i _v‡K -†hgbwU BwZc~‡e© Avgiv Bw½Z K‡iwQ|

welqe ‘i msNUb cÖfyi AbygwZ Ges Zuvi B”Qvi Dci wbf©ikxj Gi cÖgvY A‡c¶vK…Z mnRjf¨ I mnR‡eva¨| wKš‘ P~ovš— ch©vq Ges cÖfyi K¡vhvq Gi wbwðZ wbav©i‡Yi mv¶¨, 1

| K¡vhv I cÖfyi Biv`vi g‡a¨ cvi¯cwiK m¤cK© (welqem‘ wnmv‡e) m~iv Avj Bgiv‡bi 47 Zg AvqvZ‡K m~iv BqvwQ‡bi 82Zg Avqv‡Zi Dci

mgvcZ‡bi gva¨‡g my có nq|

y®cÖvc¨Zvi Kvi‡Y AwaKZi Av‡jvPbv I ch©v‡jvPbvi wel‡q cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| KviY G ai‡bi wekv‡mi mv‡_, ÔAvcb fvM¨wjwci cwieZ©‡b gvby‡li ¯vaxb wbe©vPb ¶gZvÕ ev ÔGLwZqv‡iiÕ ¯xK…wZi mgšq LyeB ytmva¨ e¨vcvi| Gi d‡jB GK †kªYxi †gvZvKv‡j−wgb (Avkv‡qix) hviv gvby‡li Kg©Kv‡Êi †¶‡Î cÖfyi K¡vhv‡K ¯xKvi K‡iwQ‡jb, Zviv Rve&iev‡ì w`‡K Szu‡K c‡owQ‡jb| Avevi Aci GK †kªYxi †gvZvKv‡j−wgb (†gvÕZv‡hjx) hviv Rve&i I Gi †kvPbxq cwiYwZ‡K MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb, Zviv gvby‡li ¯vaxb wbev©Pbvaxb Kg©KvÊ‡K cÖfyi K¡vhvi Aš—f©y³ e‡j †g‡b †bbwb| Dfq`jB wb‡R‡ì g‡Zi we‡ivax AvqvZ I †iIqv‡q‡Zi e¨vL¨v cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g ¯xq gZev`‡K cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb ‡h¸‡jv Rve&i I ZvdweR m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbvq Kvjgkv‡ ¿i wewfbœ cy —‡K I we‡kl M‡elYvcÎmg~‡n mwbœ‡ewkZ Av‡Q|

g~j mgm¨vwU nj t hw` gvby‡li Kg©KvÊ cÖK…ZB Zvi ¯vaxb wbev©Pbvaxb I Zvi B”Qvi mv‡_ m¤cwK©Z nq, Z‡e wKiƒ‡c G†K cÖfyi B”Qv I K¡vhvi mv‡_ m¤cwK©Z e‡j g‡b Kiv m¤¢e? Avevi hw` cÖfyi K¡vhvi mv‡_ m¤cwK©Z n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e wKiƒ‡c Zv‡K gvby‡li ¯vaxb wbev©Pbvaxb I B”Qvaxb e‡j MYbv Kiv m¤¢e?

AZGe G mgm¨vi mgvav‡bi R‡b¨ Ges gvby‡li ¯vaxb wbev©Pbvaxb I B”Qvaxb Kg©Kv‡Êi ¯c‡¶ `wj‡ji mv‡_, cÖfyi K¡vhv I B”Qvaxb Kg©Kv‡Êi ¯c‡¶ `wj‡ji mgš‡qi R‡b¨ ÔGKB Kv‡h©i GKvwaK KviYÕ wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU Av‡jvPbv I ch©v‡jvPbvq cÖqvmx ne, hv‡Z gvby‡li B”Qvaxb Kg©KvÊ I gnvb cÖfyi B”Qvaxb Kg©Kv‡Êi ¯c¶ `wjj m¤c‡K© my có aviYv m„wó nq| GKvwaK Kvi‡Yi cÖfve t

†Kvb GKwU wel‡qi Aw —‡Zi R‡b¨ GKvwaK Kvi‡Yi cÖfve wewfbœfv‡e „wó‡MvPi nq t

1| GKvwaK KviY hyMcr I cvkvcvwk wµqv K‡i _v‡K| †hgb t exR, cvwb I ZvcgvÎv BZ¨vwì mgš‡q exR we`xY© n‡q AsKz‡iv`Mg N‡U|

2| KviY¸‡jv cvjvµ‡g Giƒ‡c wµqv K‡i †h, m„‡ói RxeÏkv GKvwaK fv‡M wef³ n‡q _v‡K Ges cÖ‡Z¨K fvM cvjvµ‡g Zv‡ì †Kvb GKwU Kvi‡Yi Kv‡h© (�� ) cwiYZ n‡q _v‡K| †hgb t wegv‡bi K‡qKwU †gvUi cvjvµ‡g cwiPvwjZ n‡q G‡K MwZ `vb K‡i _v‡K |

3| Zv‡ì cÖfve¸‡jv nj cvi¯cwiK| †hgb t K‡qKwU ej H¸‡jvi MwZM‡_ ci¯c‡ii mv‡_ †h msNl© K‡i Zv‡Z A_ev avivevwnK msN‡l©i †¶‡ÎI Giƒc cwijw¶Z nq| Gi Aci GKwU D`vniY nj t n‡ —i MwZ‡Z gvby‡li B”Qvkw³i cÖfve, Kj‡gi MwZ‡Z n‡ —i cÖfve, wjL‡bi Aw —‡Z Kj‡gi cÖfve |

4| ci¯c‡ii Dj−‡g Ae ’vbKvix KviYmg~‡ni cvi¯cwiK cÖfve Giƒc †h, G‡ì GKwUi Aw —Z¡ AciwUi Dci wbf©ikxj (D””µgvbymv‡i)| GwU c~e©eZx (n —, Kjg I B”Qvi) D`vni‡Yi e¨wZµg, †hLv‡b Kj‡gi Aw —Z, n‡ —i Aw —‡Zi Dci wbf©ikxj wQj bv; Abyiƒc n‡ —i Aw —Z, gvby‡li B”Qvkw³i Dci wbf©ikxj wQj bv|

hv ‡nvK GKK Kv‡h©i Dci GKvwaK Kvi‡Yi cÖfv‡ei †¶‡Î Dc‡ivwj−wLZ me¸‡jv Ae ’vB m¤¢e| Z‡e ¯vaxb wbe©vPbvaxb Kg©Kv‡Êi †¶‡Î gvby‡li Biv`v I gnvb Avj−vni Biv`vi cÖfve †k‡lv³ cÖKv‡ii gZ| KviY gvbyl I Zvi B”Qvkw³i Aw —Z Avj−vni Biv`vi Dci wbf©ikxj|

GKK Kvi‡Yi Dci yÕwU Kvi‡Yi mvgwóK cÖfve, †KejgvÎ ZLbB Am¤¢e, hLb DfqB Aw —Z`vZv KviY n‡e, A_ev Zv‡ì mgwó wbwl× Ges cÖwZ ’vcb‡hvM¨ n‡e| †hgb t yÕBiv`vKvixi (Abyf~wgK)*GKB Biv`vq AbycÖ‡ik A_ev GKB m„ó wel‡qi R‡b¨ yÕP~ovš—

Kvi‡Yi cÖfve| åvš— aviYvi Ac‡bv`b t

Dc‡ivwj−wLZ e¨vL¨vi Av‡jv‡K BwZg‡a¨B my¯cóiƒ‡c cÖZxqgvb n‡q‡Q †h, gvby‡li ¯^vaxb wbe©vPbvaxb Kg©Kv‡Êi Aw¯—‡Zî mv‡_ gnvb Avj−vni Biv`vi †Kvb we‡iva m„wó nq bv| KviY Giv ci¯ci ci¯c‡ii Dj−‡g Ae ’vb K‡i Ges cvi¯cwiKfv‡e †Kvb cÖKvi we‡iva ev msNl© Zv‡ì g‡a¨ †bB|

Ab¨K_vq t †Kvb K‡g©i mv‡_ gvbe KZ…©‡Zî m¤cK© GK m—‡i Ges H K‡g©i Aw —‡Zi mv‡_ †Lv`vi m¤cK© A‡c¶vK„Z D””Zi m—‡i Ae ’vb K‡i| Avi G m—‡i gvby‡li Aw —Z, †h e y—i Dci gvbyl wµqv K‡i Zvi Aw —Z, Kg©-m¤cv`‡bi DcKiYmg~‡ni Aw —Z BZ¨vw` me wKQyB †Lv`vi Dci wbf©ikxj|

AZGe †k‡lv³ †kªYxi P~ovš— KviYiƒ‡c gvby‡li Kg©Kv‡Êi Dci Zvi B”Qvkw³i cÖfv‡ei mv‡_, †Lv`vi Dci wbf©ikxj P~ovš— Kvi‡Yi mKj m`‡mï Aw —‡Zî †Kvb we‡iva †bB| G wek, gvbyl I Zvi mKj gvbexq gh©v`vi Aw —Z^ gnvb Avj−vniB wbKU Ges wZwbB cÖwZwbqZ H¸‡jv‡K Aw —Z cÖ vb K‡i _v‡Kb; Avi bZzb bZzb iƒ‡c Zv‡ì‡K m„wó K‡ib| †Kvb Aw —Z^kxjB, †Kvb Ae ’vq I Kv‡jB Zvui †_‡K Awbf©ikxj bq| AZGe †h mKj Kg©KvÊ gvby‡li wbe©vPbvaxb, †m mKj Kg©KvÊI gnvb Avj−vni AgyLv‡c¶x bq Ges Zvui B”Qv I Biv`vi mxgvbv‡K Qvwo‡q †h‡Z cv‡i bv| Abyiƒc m„wói mKj êwkó¨, we‡klZ, AvqZb, AvK…wZI gnvb Avj−vn KZ…©K wba©vwiZ ZvK¡wì I K¡vhvi Dci wbf©ikxj| Ggb bq †h, nq gvby‡li B”Qvi gyLv‡c¶x, bZzev gnvb Avj−vni Biv`vi gyLv‡c¶x| KviY G Biv`vØq ci¯c‡ii mgvš—iv‡j ev Abyf~‡g Ae ’vb K‡i bv ev wbwl× mgšq (K,!� $��) bq Ges †Kvb Kg© m¤cv`‡b G Biv`vØ‡qi cÖfve ci¯c‡ii weKí wnmv‡e wµqv K‡i bv| eis gvby‡li B”Qvkw³ Zvi g~j Aw —‡Zi gZB gnvb Avj−vni Biv`vi Dci wbf©ikxj Ges gnvb Avj−vni G Biv`v Zvi Aw —Zjv‡fi R‡b¨ Acwinvh©|

��!��!� -E� '� <� � �� (� �� ‡Zvgiv B”Qv Ki‡e bv, hw` bv RMZmg~‡ni cÖwZcvjK Avj−vn B”Qv K‡ib| (m~iv ZvKwei- 29) K¡vhv I K¡v`v‡ii cÖwZ wekv‡mi mydj t

Avj−n KZ…©K wba©vwiZ K¡vhv I K¡v`v‡ii cÖwZ wekvm, †Lv`v cwiwPwZi mgybœZ g~j¨‡eva I eyw×e„wËKfv‡e gvby‡li DrK‡l©i KviY e‡j cwiMwYZ nIqv QvovI Gi eûwea Kvh©Kix cÖfve we`¨gvb| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †Kvb †KvbwU m¤c‡K© BwZc~©‡eB Bw½Z Kiv n‡q‡Q| d‡j GLv‡b Avgiv Aci wKQyi eY©bv Kie t

hw` †KD NUbvi msNUb‡K gnvb Avj−vni B”Qvaxb I K¡vhv-K¡v`‡ii Dci wbf©ikxj e‡j g‡b K‡ib Z‡e wZwb †h †Kvb AcÖxwZKi Ae ’vq fxZ-mš¿ — n‡q c‡ob bv Ges H cwiw ’wZi * gvby‡li B”Qv †Lv`vi B”Qvi Dj−‡g Ae ’vb K‡i-Abyf~wgKv Ae¯’v‡b ev †Lv`vi mgv¤¢iv‡j bq|

Kv‡Q civRq eiY K‡ib bv I DrKwÉZ n‡q c‡ob bv| eis g‡b K‡ib †h G NUbvI gnvb Avj−vni cÖÁv ev wnKgvZc~Y© web¨vm-eë ’viB Ask Ges Kj¨vY I wnKgv‡Zi QvqvZ‡jB msNwUZ n‡q‡Q ev n‡q _vK‡e| d‡j mvb‡›` G Ae ’v‡K ¯vMZg Rvbvq Ges âh©, Av ’v, Zzwó I gnvb Avj−vni Kv‡Q wb‡R‡K mgc©Y Kivi gZ Kj¨v‡Yi AwaKvix n‡q _v‡K|

Abyiƒc K¡vhv I K¡v`v‡i wekvmxMY Rxe‡b Av‡gv`-cÖ‡gv‡` gyn¨gvb, we‡gvwnZ wKsev cÖZvwiZ nb bv A_ev G¸‡jvi R‡b¨ AnsKvi I cÖvY-PvÂj¨Zv cÖ k©b K‡ib bv ev Avj−vn KZ©„K cÖ Ë wbqvgZmg~n‡K AvwfRvZ¨ I AvZ¥¤¢wiZvi welqiƒ‡c MYbv K‡ib bv|

K¡vhv I K¡v`‡ii cÖwZ wekv‡mi G g~jëvb cÖfve nj Zv-B hv wbgœwjwLZ AvqvZkix‡d ewY©Z n‡q‡Q t

$*�2 � E�2� � � / L!� -�� *� �� *� � E�� )�� 4�� 5��! �� '� �* ��.�)� � � �� / ��< ��"� ��" M�� -E.� � '� � ��

c„w_ex‡Z A_ev ‡Zvgv‡ì Rxe‡bi Dci (AbvKvw•¶Zfv‡e) ‡Kvb wech©q Av‡m bv, wKš‘ GmeB c„w_ex m„wói c~‡e©B jI‡n gvn&dz‡h wjwce× Av‡Q; Avi Avj−vni c‡¶ GUv LyeB mnR KvR| GUv GB R‡b¨ †h, hv wKQy †Zvgiv nvwi‡qQ Zv‡Z †hb wegl© Ges hv wKQy wZwb †Zvgv‡ì‡K w`qv‡Qb Zvi cÖwZ Avm³ I n‡l©vrdzj− bv nI, Avj−vn D×Z I AnsKvix‡ì‡K fvjev‡mb bv| (m~iv nv`x`- 22,23) wKš‘ ¯§iY ivLv DwPr †h, K¡vhv I K¡v`vi, Avi ¯vaxb cÖfv‡e GKZev‡ì Î“wUc~Y© e¨vL¨v

†hb D`vmxbZv, AjmZv, nxbZv, AZ¨vPvwiZ nIqv Ges Ab¨v‡qi Kv‡Q gv_v bZ Kivi KviY bv nq| Avi GUvB me©`v ¯§iY Kie †h, gvby‡li wPiš—b †mŠfvM¨ I `yf©vM¨ ¯¦xq wbe©vPbvaxb Kg©Kv‡Êi djkÖ“wZ‡ZB AwR©Z n‡q _v‡K| 1*�� / � 1*�� !

‡m fvj hv DcvR©b K‡i Zv ZviB Ges †m g›` hv DcvR©b K‡i ZvI ZviB| (myiv evKviv Ñ 286)

Z`byiƒc, �� 5! 3�! ��

Avi GB †h, gvbyl ZvB cvq hv †m K‡i| (myiv bvRg-39)

Avj−vn&i b¨vqcivqYZv f~wgKv t

c~e©eZx© cvVmg~‡n wewfbœ wel‡q Kvjvgkv ¿we`M‡Yi yÕm¤cÖ v‡qi (Avkv‡qix I †gvÕZv‡Rjx) g‡a¨ gZwe‡iva j¶¨ K‡iwQ| G welq¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Kvjvg, Biv`v, ¸YMZ GKZev`, Rve&i I GL&wZqvi Ges K¡vhv I K¡v`v‡ii K_v we‡klfv‡e D‡j−L‡hvM¨| AwaKvsk †¶‡ÎB G yÕm¤cÖ v‡qi gZvgZ wQj Pig cÖvwš—K I evovevwo ai‡bi|

G yÕm¤cÖ v‡qi g‡a¨ gZwe‡ivac~Y© Aci GKwU welq nj cÖfyi b¨vq civqYZv ( �%/��!�)| D‡j−L¨ G welqwUi †¶‡Î wkqv gvhnv‡ei gZvgZ †gvÕZv‡Rjx‡ì Abyiƒc| Avkvqix‡ì cÖwZKz‡j G `yÕm¤cÖ`vq‡K mw¤§wjZfv‡e Av`wjqvn ($�!%/) bvgKiY Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Kvjvgkv‡ ¿ G welqwUi Dci GZB ¸i“Z †`qv n‡q‡Q †h, gyL¨ welqmg~‡ni g‡a¨ cwiMwYZ n‡q‡Q| GgbwK G‡K AvK¡vÕ‡q‡ì g~jbxwZ Ges wkqv I †gvÕZv‡Rjx gvhnv‡ei Kvjvgkv‡ ¿i we‡klZ e‡jI g‡b Kiv n‡q‡Q|

¯§iY ivLv cÖ‡qvRb †h, Avkv‡qixMYI Avj−vni Av`j ev b¨vqwePvi‡K A¯xKvi K‡ib bv A_©vr Ggb bq †h, Avj−vn‡K AZ¨vPvix (Avj−vn Avgv‡ì‡K ¶gv Ki“b) g‡b K‡ib Ñ‡hLv‡b †Kviv‡bi my có AvqvZmg~n Avj−vni b¨vqwePv‡ii cÖgvY enb K‡i Ges †h †Kvb cÖKv‡ii Ryjyg I AZ¨vPv‡ii Acev` †_‡K cÖfymËv‡K cweÎiƒ‡c cÖKvk K‡i| eis weZ‡K©i welq nj GUv †h, gvby‡li eyw×e„wË wK kixqZ, wKZve I mybœ‡Zi mvnvh¨ e¨ZxZ †Kvb Kg©, we‡kl K‡i Hkx Kg©Kv‡Êi gvb`Ê wbiƒc‡Y m¶g hvi Dci wfwË K‡i †Kvb K‡g©i MÖnY ev eR©‡bi Acwinvh©Zv m¤c‡K© gš—e¨ Kiv hv‡e? †hgb t ej‡e †h, gyÕ‡gbMY‡K †e‡n‡ —, Avi Kv‡di‡ì‡K †`vh‡L †cÖiY Kiv gnvb Avj−vni R‡b¨ Acwinvh©| bv wK, G ai‡Yi wm×vš— vb †KejgvÎ Inxi wfwË‡Z iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i, hv e¨ZxZ eyw×e„wË †Kvb cÖKvi wm×vš— w`‡Z AcviM?

AZGe we‡iv‡ai †K› ªwe› y nj Zv‡ZB, hv‡K Ôeyw×e„wËK fvj-g›`Õ � &�!� N*&!�� .!� ejv n‡q _v‡K| Avkv‡qixiv G†K A¯xKvi K‡i Ges mywba©vwiZ wel‡q (��) wekvm ’vcb K‡i, A_©vr hv gnvb Avj−vn m¤cv`b K‡ib Zv-B myKg©, Avi (wewaMZ wel‡q) wZwb hv

Av‡`k K‡ib Zv-B fvj Ggb bq †h, †h‡nZz Kg©wU fvj, ZvB wZwb GUv m¤cv`b K‡ib ev m¤cv`b Kivi Av‡`k cÖ vb K‡ib|

wKš‘, Av`wjqvnMY wekvm K‡ib †h, Kg©KvÊmg~n mywba©vwiZ I wewaMZ wn‡m‡e gnvb Avj−vni mv‡_ m¤cwK©ZKiY e¨ZxZB, fvj A_ev g›` bv‡g Awfwl³ n‡q _v‡K Ges gvby‡li eyw×e„wËI GKwU wbw ©ó mxgv ch©š— fvjÑg›`‡K Abyaveb Ki‡Z I cÖfymËv‡K mKj cÖKvi g›`Kg© m¤cv`b Kiv †_‡K cweÎ fve‡Z m¶g| Z‡e Zv gnvb Avj−vni cÖwZ Av‡`k-wb‡la Kiv (gnvb Avj−vn Avgv‡ì‡K i¶v Ki“b) A‡_© bq| eis G A‡_© †h, †Kvb Kg© gnvb Avj−vni Kvgvwjqv‡Zi mv‡_ m¤cwK©Z wK-bv| Avi Gi Dci wfwË K‡iB gnvb Avj−vn KZ…©K g›`Kg© m¤cv`b‡K Am¤¢e e‡j g‡b Kiv nq|

GUv Ab¯xKvh© †h, G welqwUi wek` e¨vL¨v Ges Avkv‡qix‡ì c¶ †_‡K eyw×e„wËK fvj-g‡›ì aviYvi A¯xK…wZ I Ae‡k‡l hv Zv‡ì‡K Av`wjqvn‡ì wecixZ Ae ’v‡b `vuo Kwi‡q‡Q, Zvi Reve cÖ`vb, G cÖe‡Üi ¶y ª cwim‡i Am¤¢e| Abyiƒc G e¨vcv‡i †gvÕZv‡hjx‡ì e³‡eïI A‡bK ye©jZv _vK‡Z cv‡i, †h m¤c‡K© h_v ’v‡b Av‡jvPbv Kiv DwPr| wKš‘

eyw×e„wËK fvj-g‡›ì g~jfvl¨ wkqv m¤cª vq KZ©„K M„nxZ, wKZve I mybœ‡Zi Drm †_‡K Aby‡gvw`Z I gvmygMY (Avt) KZ…©K ¸i“Z¦v‡ivcK…Z n‡q‡Q |

d‡j Avgiv GLv‡b me©cÖ_‡g Av`‡ji aviYv m¤c‡K© e¨vL¨v cÖ vb Kie| AZtci gnvb Avj−vni G wµqvMZ ¸‡Yi mc‡¶ GKwU eyw×e„wËK cÖgv‡Yi D‡j−L Kie| me©‡k‡l G welqwU m¤c‡K© we`¨gvb åvš— aviYvmg~‡ni Reve cÖ`v‡b m‡Pó ne| Av`‡ji (b¨vqcivqYZvi) Zvrch© t

Av`‡ji (�%/) AvwfavwbK A_© nj eivei ev mggvb m¤cbœ Kiv Ges mvavi‡Yi fvlvq AZ¨vPv‡ii (Ac‡ii AwaKvi niY) wei“‡× Ac‡ii AwaKvi msi¶Yv‡_© eënƒZ nq| G „wó‡KvY †_‡K Av`j‡K wbgœiƒ‡c msÁvwqZ Kiv hvq|

�/A�&. 6. 0� M�� <�H hvi hvi AwaKvi Zv‡K cÖ vb Kiv| AZGe me©v‡MÖ Ggb GK Aw —Z¦‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e hvi AwaKvi Av‡Q; AZtci Zvi

msi¶Y‡K b¨vqwePvi ev Av`j (�%/), Avi Zvi jsNb‡K AZ¨vPvi ev Ryjyg (� 9) bvgKiY Kiv hvq| wKš‘ KL‡bv KL‡bv Av`‡ji aviYvi m¤cÖmvi‡Y ejv n‡q _v‡K t

A�@� �� <# M�� K@� cÖ‡Z¨K em‘‡KB Zv‡ì wbR wbR ’v‡b ¯’vwcZ| A_©vr mKj wKQy‡K h_v ’v‡b ms ’vcb A_ev mKj Kg©‡K Dchy³iƒ‡c m¤cbœ KiYB nj

ÔAv`jÕ| Avi G msÁvbymv‡i Av`j, cÖÁv ( .�1 ) I b¨vqwfwËK K‡g©i mgv_©‡evaK A_© ev cÖÁvc~Y© Kg© A‡_© iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i| Z‡e wKiƒ‡c ÔAwaKvixi AwaKviÕ Ges mKj wKQyi h‡_vchy³ ’vb wba©viY Kiv nq ÑG m¤c‡K© e³e¨ A‡bK Ñhv ÔAvLjv‡K¡i `k©bÕ I ÔAwaKv‡ii `k©bÕ iƒ‡c ¸i“Z¡c~Y© kvLv m„wó K‡i‡Q| ¯fveZtB GLv‡b Avgiv G wel‡qi Dci Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cvie bv|

GLv‡b j¶Yxq welq nj t mKj eyw×m¤cbœ gvbylB Abyaveb Ki‡Z cv‡i †h, hw` †KD †Kvb KviY QvovB †Kvb Abv_ wkïi nvZ †_‡K GK UyKiv i“wUI wQwb‡q †bq A_ev wbiciva gvby‡li i³ Sivq, Z‡e †m Ryjyg K‡i‡Q Ges Aciv‡a wjc— n‡q‡Q| Avevi wecixZµ‡g, hw` †KD wQbZvBKvixi wbKU †_‡K wQbZvBK…Z i“wUi †jvKgv D×vi K‡i, H Abv_ wkï‡K wdwi‡q †`q A_ev Acivax NvZK‡K Dchy³ kvw — cÖ vb K‡i, Z‡e †m b¨vqwePvi K‡i‡Q ev mwVK Kg© m¤cv`b K‡i‡Q| G wm×vš— ‡jv cÖfy KZ„©K wba©vwiZ wewa-wb‡l‡ai Dci wbf©ikxj bq| GgbwK hw` †KD †Lv`vi Aw —‡Z wekvmx bvI n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e †mI G ai‡bi wm×vb—B wb‡e|

wKš‘ G ai‡bi wm×v‡š—i ¸p inm¨ Kx ev †Kvb †m kw³i gva¨‡g gvbyl fvj-g›`‡K Abyaveb K‡i BZ¨vw` welq¸‡jv‡K `k©‡bi GKvwaK kvLvq Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e |

wm×vš— t Av`‡ji R‡b¨ we‡kl I mvaviY G yÕai‡bi fvev_©‡K we‡ePbv Kiv ‡h‡Z cv‡i| G†ì GKwU nj ÔA‡bï AwaKvi msi¶YÕ Ges AciwU nj ÔcÖÁvc~Y© Kg© m¤cv`bÕ †hLv‡b ÔA‡bï AwaKvi msi¶YÕ Gi GKwU „óvš—iƒ‡c cwiMwYZ n‡e |

AZGe Av`‡ji Awe‡”Q`¨ A_©, mKj gvbyl‡K ev mKj wKQy‡K GK eivei ev GK †iLvq ’vcb bq| †hgb t b¨vqcivqY wk¶K wZwbB bb whwb cwikªgx ev Ajm wbwe©‡k‡l mKj QvÎ‡KB

GKiƒc cÖksmv ev fr©mbv Ki‡eb| Abyiƒc b¨vqwePviK wZwbB bb whwb weev`c~Y© †Kvb m¤c`‡K,

Kj‡n wjc— yÕc‡¶i g‡a¨ mgvbfv‡e eÈb Ki‡eb| eis b¨vqcivqY wk¶K wZwbB whwb mKj QvÎ‡K Zv‡ì †hvM¨Zvbymv‡i cyi¯‹„Z ev wZi „‹Z Ki‡eb| Z`byiƒc b¨vqwePviK wZwbB whwb weev`c~Y© m¤c`‡K Gi cÖK…Z gvwj‡Ki wbKU Ac©Y Ki‡eb|

GKBfv‡e cÖfyi cÖÁv I Av`‡ji `vex GUv bq †h, m„wói mewKQy†KB mgvbfv‡e m„wó Ki‡eb| †hgb t gvbyl‡KI wks, †Kki ev cvLv BZ¨vw` w`‡eb| eis m„wóKZ©vi cÖÁvi `vex nj GB †h, wek‡K wZwb Giƒ‡c m„wó Ki‡eb hv‡Z me©vwaK Kj¨vY I DrKl© Awc©Z nq Ges wewfbœ m„ó welq †h¸‡jv G RM‡Zi mymsnZ Askmg~n iƒ‡c cwiMwYZ, †m ¸‡jv‡K Ggbfv‡e m„wó Ki‡eb, †hb H P~ovš— D‡Ï‡kï (DrKl© I Kj¨vY) mv‡_ m¤cK©hy³ nq| Abyiƒc cÖfyi Av`j I cÖÁvi `vex nj GB †h, mKj gvbyl‡KB Zvi †hvM¨Zvbymv‡i `vwqZ cÖ vb| AZtci Zvi ¯vaxb wbe©vPb ¶gZv I cÖ‡Póvi Av‡jv‡K Zvi wePvi KiY Ges cwi‡k‡l Zvi Kg©dj¯iƒc Zv‡K cyi¯‹„Z ev wZi¯‹„Z Kiv|

�� )� '� �� Avj−vn KviI Dci Ggb †Kvb Kó`vqK `vwqZ^ Ac©Y K‡ib bv, hv Zvi mva¨vZxZ| (m~iv evKviv - 286)

@� �� 9� � �� H�&!�* ��* Zv‡ì gxgvsmv b¨vqwePv‡ii mv‡_ Kiv n‡e Ges Zv‡ì cÖwZ Ryjyg Kiv n‡e bv| (m~iv BDbym - 54)

� 3)� � 9� � ��!��:�� =,� � � � AvR KviI cÖwZ Ryjyg Kiv n‡e bv Ges †Zvgiv hv K‡iQ †Kej ZviB cÖwZdj †`qv n‡e| (myiv Bqmxb - 54)

cÖfyi b¨vqcivqYZvi cÖgvY t

BwZc~‡e© Bw½Z Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, cÖfyi b¨vqcivqYZv GK „wó‡KvY †_‡K gnvb Avj−vni wnKgvZ ev cÖÁvaxb Ges Aci „wó‡KvY †_‡K cÖÁviB Awfbœ iƒc| ¯fveZtB Gi cÖgvYI †m hyw³i gva¨‡gB Kiv n‡e hv cÖfyi cÖÁv‡K cÖwZcv`b Kivi †¶‡Î Dc ’vcb Kiv n‡qwQj| GKv`k cv‡V G m¤c‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| d‡j GLv‡b Avgiv G m¤c‡K© Avi I we —vwiZ e¨vL¨v cÖ vb Kivi †Póv Kie|

Avgiv BwZg‡a¨B †R‡bwQ †h, gnvb Avj−vn P~ovš— ¯vaxbZv I ¶gZvi AwaKvix| m¤¢ve¨ Aw —‡Zi R‡b¨ †Kvb Kg© m¤cv`b Kivi ev bv Kivi †¶‡Î wZwb †Kvb kw³ KZ©„K cÖfvweZ ev †Kvb kw³i wbKUB civf~Z bb| eis wZwb B‡”Q Ki‡j †Kvb wKQy bvI Ki‡Z cv‡ib Ges hv wZwb m¤cv`‡bi B‡”Q Ki‡eb ZvB Ki‡eb|

Abyiƒc wZwb †Kvb A_©nxb I A‡nZzK B”Qv †cvlY K‡ib bv| eis hv wKQy Zvui c~Y©Zg ¸‡Yi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© ZvB wZwb B”Qv K‡ib| hw` Zvui c~Y©Zg ¸Y †Kvb Kg©‡K `vwe bv K‡i, Z‡e wZwb KL‡bvB Zv m¤cv`b K‡ib bv| †h‡nZz gnvb Avj−vn P~ovš— c~Y©Zvi AwaKvix, †m‡nZz Zvui Biv`vI g~jZt m„wói Kj¨vY I c~Y©Zvi w`‡KB n‡q _v‡K Ges hw` †Kvb Aw —Z^kx‡ji Avw —Z we‡k Awbevh© AKj¨vY I Awfm¤cv‡Zi KviY nq, Z‡e Zv n‡q _v‡K cÖm½µ‡g| A_v©r †h‡nZz H AKj¨vY me©vwaK Kj¨v‡Yi Awe‡”Q`¨ welq, †m‡nZz cÖfyi Biv`v ev B”Qv D³ mev©waK Kj¨v‡Yi AbyMvgx n‡q _v‡K|

AZGe cÖfyi c~Y©Zg ¸‡Yi `vwe GB †h, wek Ggbfv‡e m„wó n‡e hv‡Z mw¤§wjZfv‡e m¤¢ve¨ mev©waK c~Y©Zv I Kj¨vY AwR©Z nq| Avi GLv‡bB gnvb Avj−vni R‡b¨ cÖÁv (� �� ) bvgK ¸YwU cÖwZcbœ nq|

Gi wfwË‡Z †hLv‡bB gvby‡li Aw —Zjv‡fi m¤¢vebv we`¨gvb I Zvi Aw —Z me©vwaK Kj¨v‡Yi Drm, †mLv‡bB gvbyl m„wói †¶‡Î cÖfyi B”Qvi mgvcZb N‡U‡Q| gvby‡li GKwU †gŠwjK we‡klZ nj GL&wZqvi I ¯vaxb B”Qv Ges wbtm‡›`‡n ¯vaxb wbe©vPb ¶gZvi AwaKvi gvby‡li GKwU Aw —ZMZ c~Y©Zv e‡j cwiMwYZ| Avi †h Aw —Z^kxj G c~Y©Zvi AwaKvix, †m Aw —Z¡kxj Aci †Kvb Aw —Z¡kxj, hv Gi AwaKvix bq, Zv A‡c¶v c~Y©Zi e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡e| wKš—y ¯vaxbZvi AwaKvix nIqvi R‡b¨ Acwinvh© nj t gvbyl †hgwb myKg© I h‡_vchy³ Kg© m¤cv`‡bi gva¨‡g Abš— I P~ovš— c~Y©Zvi w`‡K AMÖmi n‡Z cvi‡e †Zgwb KzKg© I AcQ›`bxq K‡g© wjc— n‡q Abš— y ©kv I ¶wZi c‡_ cwZZ n‡Z cvi‡e| Z‡e cÖfyi Biv`vi welq nj g~jZt gvby‡li c~Y©Zv cÖvwc—| wKš—y gvby‡li ¯^vaxb wbe©vPbvaxb c~Y©Zvi Awe‡qvRb (ز��) †h‡nZz AatcZ‡bi m¤¢vebvhy³, hv cvkweK Kvgbv I kqZvbx cÖeYZvi Abymi‡Y AwR©Z nq, †m‡nZz G ai‡bi ¯vaxb wbev©Pbvaxb AatcZbI m½Z Kvi‡YB cÖfyi Biv`vi wel‡q cwiYZ nq|

Avevi †h‡nZz m‡PZbfv‡e wbe©vPb Kivi R‡b¨ fvj I g›` c_¸‡jvi mwVK cwiwPZ cÖ‡qvRb †m‡nZz gnvb Avj−vvn gvbyl‡K hv wKQy Zvi Kj¨vY I †mŠfv‡Mï KviY, Zvi cÖwZ AvnŸvb K‡i‡Qb Ges hv wKQy AatcZb I AKj¨v‡Yi KviY, Zv †_‡K weiZ _vKvi wb‡ ©k w`‡q‡Qb hv‡Z c~Y©Zvi c_ myMg nq| Abyiƒc †h‡nZz Avj−vn KZ…©K cÖ`Ë `vwqZ gvbyl‡K Zvi Kg©d‡j †cuŠQv‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨ cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q Ges Zv gnvb Avj−vni R‡b¨ †Kvb Kj¨vY (ev AKj¨vY) e‡q Av‡b bv, †m‡nZz cÖfyi cÖÁvi `vwe nj ev›`vi ¶gZvbyhvqx `vwqZ cÖ vb Kiv| KviY †h `vwqZ¡ cvjb Kiv Am¤¢e, †m `vwqZ Ac©Y KivUv n‡e Ab_©K I A‡nZzK Kg©|

AZGe Av`‡ji cÖ_g ch©vq (we‡kl A‡_©) A_©vr `vwqZ Ac©‡Yi †¶‡Î b¨vqcivqYZv, G hyw³‡Z cÖwZcvw`Z nq †h, hw` gnvb Avj−vn ev›`vM‡Yi ¶gZvwZwi³ `vwqZ Zv‡ì‡K cÖ`vb K‡ib, Z‡e H `vwqZ m¤cv`b Am¤¢e n‡e Ges GwU GKwU Ab_©K Kg© e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡e| (A_P gnvb Avj−vni cÖÁvi `vwe nj wZwb Ab_©K †Kvb Kg© m¤cv`b K‡ib bv)|

Avevi ev›`vM‡Yi g‡a¨ wePv‡ii †¶‡Î b¨vqcivqYZv, Gi Dci wfwË K‡i cÖgvwYZ nq †h, G wePviKg© wewfbœ cÖKvi cyi¯‹vi I kvw —i †¶‡Î ev›`vM‡Yi AwaKvi wba©vi‡Yi R‡b¨ m¤cvw`Z nq| hw` G Kg© b¨vqbxwZi cwicwš’ nq Z‡e D‡Ïk¨nxb Kg© e‡j cwiMwYZ n‡e| (A_P cÖÁvevb Avj−vni c‡¶ D‡Ïk¨nxb Kg© m¤cv`b Am¤¢e, KviY †mUv Zvui cÖÁvi e¨wZµg)|

Ae‡k‡l cyi¯‹vi I kvw¯— cÖ`v‡bi †¶‡Î b¨vqcivqYZv, m„wói P~ovš— D‡Ï‡kï Av‡jv‡K cÖgvwYZ nq| KviY whwb gvbyl‡K Zvi myKg© I KzK‡g©i cÖwZdj cÖ v‡bi R‡b¨ m„wó K‡i‡Qb, hw` wZwb Zv‡ì‡K Zv‡ì jf¨ I cÖvwc—i e¨wZµg †Kvb cyi¯‹vi I kvw — cÖ vb K‡ib Z‡e Zv ZvuiB D‡Ïk¨‡K e¨nZ Ki‡e|

AZGe cÖfyi b¨vqcivqYZvi me©Rb¯xK…Z I mwVK `wjj nj GB †h, Zvui mËvMZ ¸YB cÖÁvc~Y© I b¨vqcivqY K‡g©i KviY Ges AZ¨vPvi, AwePvi A_ev Ab_©K I A‡nZzK K‡g©i `vwe`vi †Kvb ¸YB Zvui Aw —‡Z weivR K‡i bv|

K‡qKwU åvš— aviYvi Reve t 1| m„wói g‡a¨ we‡kl K‡i gvby‡li g‡a¨ ‡h êmv „k¨ we`¨gvb, wKiƒ‡c Zv Avj−vni cÖÁv

I b¨vqcivqYZvi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© n‡Z cv‡i? †Kb cÖÁvevb I b¨vqcivqY cÖfy mKj m„wó‡KB GK iKg K‡i m„wó K‡ib wb?

Reve t Aw —Z^jv‡fi †¶‡Î m„wói êmv „k¨, m„wó eë ’vi Acwinvh©Zv I Kvh©KviY‡Z¡i Aaxb n‡q _v‡K| m„wóKz‡ji mK‡jB GK iKg nIqvi aviYv nj GKwU ’yj wPš‘v Ges hw` wKwÂZ ch©‡e¶Y Kwi †`L‡Z cve †h, G ai‡bi aviYv m„wó avivi weiax ê wKQy bq| KviY D`vniYZ t hw` mKj gvbylB nq cyi“l A_ev ¿x nZ, Z‡e m„wói aviv e¨nZ nZ Ges gvbe m¤cÖ vq wejyc— n‡q †hZ| Avevi hw` m„wói mK‡jB gvbyl nZ Z‡e Lv`¨vniY I Ab¨vb¨ Pvwn`v c~iY m¤¢e nZ bv| Abyiƒc hw` mKj cï-cvLx I e„¶ivwR GKB ai‡Yi Ges GKB is I êwk‡óï AwaKvix nZ, Z‡e G AmwYZ Kj¨vY, g‡bvgy»Ki I g‡bvni „‡kï m„wó nZ bv| m„wói G êwPÎ I êmv „k¨, e —yi cwieZ©b I weeZ©b avivq GKvwaK kZ© I Kvi‡Yi Aax‡b iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i| myZivs gnvb Avj−vn †Kvb wKQy‡KB m„wói c~‡e© Zvi wbw ©ó ’vb, Kvj I cv‡Î ’vb †`b bv, hv‡Z b¨vq-Ab¨v‡qi †Kvb ’vb _vK‡e|

2) G gnvwe‡k gvbeRxe‡bi Aw —Z, hw` cÖfyi cÖÁvi `vex n‡q _v‡K Z‡e †Kb gvbyl‡K g„Zz `vb Kiv nq Ges Zvi Rxe‡bi cwimgvwc— NUv‡bv nq ?

DËi t cÖ_gZt Rxeb I g„Zz , G we‡k mywba©vwiZ wbqg-bxwZi Aaxb I Kvh©KviY‡Z¡i mv‡_ m¤cwK©Z Ges m„wó eë ’vi R‡b¨ Acwinvh©| wØZxqZt hw` ‡Kvb Rxeš— Aw —Z^kxj g„Zz eiY bv KiZ, Z‡e cieZx© Aw —Z^kx‡ji R‡b¨ †Kvb †¶Î cÖ ‘Z nZ bv| d‡j cieZx©iv G Rxeb I Aw —‡Zi †mŠfvM¨ †_‡K ewÂZ nZ| Z…ZxqZt ïaygvÎ gvby‡li K_vB hw` aiv nq †h, mKj gvbyl Agi _vKzK, Z‡e AwP‡iB Zv‡ì R‡b¨ G we‡ki Avevm ’j msKxY© n‡q coZ Avi e¨_v-†e`bv I ¶yavi ZxeªZvq ZLb mK‡jB g„Zz Kvgbv KiZ| PZy_©Zt gvbe m„wói cðv‡Z cÖK…Z D‡Ïk¨ nj, Zv‡K Abš— myL I êf‡e †cuŠQv‡bv Ges hZ¶Y ch©š— gvbe m¤cÖ`vq g„Zz i gva¨‡g G wek †_‡K ¯’vbvš—wiZ bv n‡e, ZZ¶Y ch©š— G P~ovš— D‡Ï‡k¨ †cuŠQ‡Z cvi‡e bv|

3) G mKj ytL-Kó, †ivM-e¨vwa, cÖK…wZK y‡hv©Mmg~n (†hgb t eb¨v I f~wgK¤c) I mvgvwRK msKU (†hgb t hy× I AZ¨vPvi) BZ¨vwì Aw —Z wKiƒ‡c gnvb Avj−vni b¨vqciqYZvi mv‡_ mvhyR¨ i¶v K‡i ?

Reve t cÖ_gZt AbvKvswLZ cÖvK…wZK y‡h©vM nj e ‘MZ wµqv cÖwZwµqv I msN‡l©i Awe‡hvR¨ dj| †h‡nZz G¸‡jvi Kj¨vY, AKj¨v‡Yi Dci cÖvavb¨ we —vi K‡i, †m‡nZz cÖÁv-we‡ivax bq| Abyiƒc mvgvwRK AbvPv‡ii D ¢e nj gvby‡li ¯vaxbZviB Awe‡hvR¨ NUbv hv, cÖfyi cÖÁviB `vwe| Z ycwi, mvgvwRK Rxe‡bi Kj¨vY,AKj¨v‡Yi†P‡q AwaK| Avi hw` AKj¨vY, Kj¨v‡Yi Dci AvwacZ¨ we —vi KiZ, Z‡e c„w_ex‡Z †Kvb gvbyl Aewkó _vKZ bv| wØZxqZt G ytL- y ©kv I msK‡Ui Aw —Z, GKw`‡K †hgb cÖK…wZi inm¨ D`NvU‡b gvby‡li cÖ‡Póv Ges Ávb cÖhyw³i weKv‡ki KviY; Aciw`‡K ‡Zgwb, msKUgq cwiw ’wZi mv‡_ msMÖvg Ki‡Yi gva¨‡g gvby‡li weKvk, †hvM¨Zvi cªùyUb, AMÖMwZ I c~Y©Zvi Rb¨ GK e„nËg wbev©nK|

m‡ev©cwi G we‡k ytL-Kó Ges †h †Kvb msKUgq cwiw ’wZ‡Z hw` †KD mwZ¨Kvi A‡_©B âh© aviY K‡ib, Z‡e ciKvjxb Abš— Rxe‡b gnvg~jëvb cyi¯‹vi jvf Ki‡eb Ges m‡ev©Ëg cš’vq Gi wewbgq cv‡eb|

4) G RM‡Z mxgve× cvcvPv‡ii R‡b¨ Abš— kvw — cª vb, wK K‡i cÖfyi b¨vqcivqYZvi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© nq?

Reve t myKg© I KzKg© Ges ciKvjxb cyi¯‹vi I kvw —i g‡a¨ GK cÖKvi KviYMZ m¤cK© we`¨gvb, hv Avj−vn KZ…©K †cÖwiZ Inxi gva¨‡g Avwe®K…Z I gvby‡li KY©‡MvPi Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgbK‡i G we‡k †Kvb †Kvb NUbvi msNU‡b `xN©Kvj a‡i Gi KzcÖfve eRvq _v‡K| †hgb t wb‡Ri †PvL ev A‡bï †PvL webó Ki‡Z GK gyn~‡Z©i cÖ‡qvRb, wKš‘ Avg„Zz Gi cÖwZdj enb K‡i †h‡Z nq| †Zgwb fqsKi cvcKg©mg~‡niI ciKvjxb wPi ’vqx Kzdj eRvq _v‡K Ges hw` †KD G we‡k Gi ¶wZc~i‡Yi eë ’v (†hgb t ZIevn) bv K‡i Z‡e Gi Kzdj Zv‡K Abb—Kvj ch©b— enb Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgbK‡i GKgyn~‡Z©i Aciv‡ai d‡j †Kvb gvby‡li Avg„Zz AÜZ cÖfyi b¨vqcivqYZvi mv‡_ †Kvb we‡iva m„wó K‡i bv, †Zgwb fqsKi cvcvPv‡ii d‡j Abš— kvw —‡Z cwZZ nIqvI cÖfyi b¨vqcivqYZvi e¨wZµg bq| KviY GwU nj cvcxi †mB K‡g©i dj hv‡Z †m m‡PZbfv‡e wjc— n‡q‡Q|

g~jt AvqvZzj−vn& gynv¤§` ZvKx wgmevn& Bqvh`x Abyev`t · ˆ˙˝˛ ˜ ˜ #" ˇ ˘ . .. ˘/ - ‡gŠwjK wek¦¦vm I wPš—v mKj g~j¨‡eva I myk„sLj gZv`‡k©i wfwË iPbv K‡i

Documents