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HOMEOSTASIS SISTEM
KARDIOVASKULER
Dr. dr. H. Busjra M. Nur MSc
Dept. FisiologiFKUI / FKK UMJ
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SEL
SISTEM TUBUH HOMEOSTASIS
membentuk
dibutuhkan
mempertahankanHomeostasis
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suhu inti
denyut jantung
tekanan darah
kadar glukosa darah
panjang dan tegangan otot rangkadalam sikap tubuh dan gerakan
dll.
Tubuh manusia:
unit pengendali diri
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JantungPembuluh Darah
ParuDarah
System KVRD
nutrien, O2, H2O, electrolit
sisa metabolisme, CO2panas
hormon
Sel
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Jantung
Pompa terpisah
Menghasilkantekanan
Pembuluh Darah
Penyalur
Mengatur distribusi
Paru
Ventilasi
Pertukaran O2 CO2Imbangan asam-basa
Darah
Mediator O2 CO2Mekanisme
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Systemic circulation
Pulmonary circulation
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Cardiac Output Amount of blood ejected from the
ventricle in 1 minute
Factors affecting C.O.: Physical exercise Stress Body / ambient temperature
Pregnancy Post-prandial
Residual volume: Volume of blood left in the ventricle after
ventricular contraction (reserve volume)
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VenousValves
SympatheticVasoconstricto
rActivity
Negativepressureintheheart
Pressureexerted
bycontractionoftheheart
SkeletalMuscle
Pump
RespiratoryPump
BloodVolume
Passivemovement of
fluid fromintestine to
plasmaWater &
saltretention
VenousReturn
Fillingtime
Ventr. E-D pressure (Preload)
EndDiastolicVolume
Sympatheticstimulation
Parasympathet
ic stimulation
CardiacOutput
Stroke
Volume
Heart
Rate
Afterload
Ventricular
contractility
Short termregulation
Long termregulation
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Regulation of heartcontractility
IntrinsicRegulation
ExtrinsicRegulation
Change in musclelength
(heterometricregulation/ Frank
Starling Law)
No change in musclelength
(homometric regulation)
End Diastolic Volume
Autonomicregulation
Hormones
Chemical substances
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FrankStarling Curve
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 800
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
P
ressure
(
mmHg)
Diastolic volume
Systolicintraventricularpressure
Diastolicintraventricularpressure
Optimallength
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stimulation
permeabilityto K+ ion
K+ efflux
Hyperpolarization
heart rate
(Chronotropicnegative)
Atrium MyocardiumSA node AV node
influx of Ca++
Contractility
INOTROPICNEGATIVE ??
AV delay
impulseconduction
(Dromotropicnegative)
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Intrinsic/Extrinsicregulation
Central regulationHumoral regulation
BaroreceptorChemoreceptors
Thermo receptors
Surface receptorsProprioceptors
Lungs stretch receptors
HypertensionHypoxiaFeverPain
ExerciseRespiratorymovement
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Bainbridge Reflex
Rapid infusion ofblood or saline
Altered heart rate&
Blood pressure
Atrial stretchreceptors
Ascending fibersof Vagal nerve
Cardio-
accelerator center
Cardio-inhibitory
center
Firing rate ofBaroreceptors
Ascending fibersof n.IX and n. X
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Baroreceptor reflex
Increased BloodPressure
Decrease heartrate
&Blood ressure
Carotid/aorticbaroreceptor
s
Ascending fibersof n. IX and n.X
Cardio-inhibitorcenter
Descending fibers
of Vagal nerve
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Baroreceptor reflex
Decreased Blood
Pressure
Increase heartrate
&Blood ressure
Carotid/aorticbaroreceptor
s
Ascending fibersof n. IX and n.X
Cardio-accelerator center
Sympathetic
nerve
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Chemorecept
or reflex
Pco2, Po2, pH
Increase heart rate&
Blood pressure
Carotid/aorticchemoreceptors
Ascending fibersof n. IX and n.X
Cardio-accelerator center
Sympathetic
nerve
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