Elliptical Construction

ELLIPTICAL CONSTRUCTIONElliptical construction adalah kalimat yang merupakan pemendekan dari dua kalimat atau lebih dengan cara menghilangkan beberapa bagian kalimat yang memiliki kesamaan arti asalnya. Ada dua macam penggunaan Elliptical construction.1.So and too2.Either and Neither

1. So and too digunakan untuk menggabungkan dua kalimat positiveRumusnya:(and) + so + tobe/auxiliary/modal +S (and) + S + tobe/auxiliary/modal + tooTobe yaitu: is,am,areAuxiliary yaitu: have/hasModal yaitu: will,would,shall,should,can,could, must may, might etc.Examplenya elliptical construction dengan menggunakan tobe (is, am, are, was, were)1.(+) She is a doctor (+) He is a doctorEC: She is a doctor and so is He and He is too.

Nah kalau tobenya berbeda, maka harus menggunakan tobe pada kalimat yang kedua.Examplenya1. (+) We are a student (+) She is a student EC: We are a student and so is he We are s student and He is too2. (+) She was at home last night (+) He was at home last night EC: She was at home last night and So was he He was too

Nah kalau kalimat tersebut menggunakan kata kerja bentuk pertama (VI) Elliptical constructionnya harus menggunakan Do/does.Do dipakai apabila subject pada kalimat nomor 2 menggunakan subject I,we,they,you/plural. Kemudian Does dipakai apabila subject pada kalimat nomor 2 menggunakan subject orang ketiga tunggal seperti she,he,it, singular.Examplenya:1.(+) She works in office every morning (+) He works in office every morning EC: She works in office every morning and so does HeHe does too

Jika dalam kalimat tersebut menggunakan kata kerja bentuk ke 2 (Verb II)/ dalam bentuk simple past, maka dalam EC harus menggunakan kata did untuk semua subjectExamplenya:1.(+) Rian took my money last night (+) Boby took my money last nightEC: Rian took my money last night and so did boby and boby did too

Nah jika dalam kalimat tersebut setelah Have/has+Verb3, maka dalam EC have/has harus diikutkan. Dalam tenses ini namanya simple perfectSimple perfect rumusnya: S +HAVE/HAS+Verb 3Examplenya:1. (+) We have studied English just now (+) They have studied English just now EC: We have studied English just now and so have they They have tooTetapi apabila setelah have/has+noun, maka EC harus menggunakan do/does.Examplenya:(+) she has new shoes(+) He has new shoes EC: She has new shoes and so does he he does too

Nah kalau predikatnya ada kata have to/has to, maka EC harus menggunakan kata do/does.Examplenya: (+) Tono has to go now(+) Iwan has to go now EC: Tono has to go now and so does Iwan Iwan does too2. (+) We have to listen our teacher (+) They have to listen our teacher EC: We have to listen our teacher and so do they they do too

Nah kalau kalimat tersebut terdapat modal, maka modal tersebut harus diikutkan.Modal : will, would, shall,should, can,could,must, may, might ectExamplenya:(+) she should see the doctor(+) we should see the doctorEC: She should see the doctor and so should we we should too

2. NEITHER AND EITHERNeither and either yaitu digunakan untuk menggabungkan dua kalimat negative (-)Rumusnya: And + neither + tobe + auxiliary/modal+SatauAnd + S + tobe/auxiliary/modal + not + eitherExample dengan menggunakan tobe(-) She isnt a teacher(-) He isnt teacherEC: She isnt a teacher and neither is he and he isnt either

Kalimat yang menggunakan kata kerja bentuk pertama (Verb I) maka harus menggunakan do/does

Example:1.(-) We dont speak english (-) They dont speak englishEC: We dont speak english and neither do they and they dont eitherHave/has + Verb3, maka have/has harus diikutkan.2. (-) she hasnt sung one song (-) He hasnt sung one songEC: She hasnt sung one song and neither has he and he hasnt eitherHave/has + noun, maka EC harus menggunakan kata do/does.3. (-) We have big house (-) She has big houseEC: We have big house and neither does sheand she doesnt either

Kalau kalimat tersebut menggunakan kata did/ dalam bentuk simple past tense, maka did tersebut harus diikutkanExamplenya:1. (-) Tono didnt meet me last night (-) Wati didnt meet me last nightEC: Tono didnt meet me last night and Neither did wati and wati didnt eitherKalau kalimat tersebut terdapat modal maka modalTersebut harus diikutkan2.(-) she wont be doctor (-) he wont be doctorEC: She wont be doctor and neither will he and he wont either

Kemudian ada juga elliptical construction yang menggunakan conjunction butConjuction but menunjukan pertentangan1.(-) He isnt studying English (+) She is studying EnglishEC: He isnt studying English but she is

Conjuction both....and (keduanya) Example:1.(+) He painted the door (+) He painted the windowEC: He painted the door and the window

Neither nor (bukanlah)Example:1.(-) He isnt a teacher (-) He isnt a doctorEC: He is neither a teacher nor a doctor Either or (bukanlah) Example:1.(-) We arent a student (-) they arent a driverEC: we arent either a student or a driver

Beberapa conjuction yang menunjukan pola kalimat yang setara (sama) yaitu and, dan or.Example:1.(+) I Will write a letter (+) I will write a short storyEc: I will write a letter and a short story

Or (atau) examplenya:2. (-) You cant go by bus (-) You cant go by taxiEc: You cant go by bus or taxi

Quis 1 to 101.UN/44/2003 Hamdi : Do you agree with the system of direct predential election? Burhan : Member of the parliament object to the system, and I do too From the dialogue we can conclude that Burhan with the system a. Support c.approves e.offer b. Disagrees d. accepts

2. SPMB 2004 I heard that the thieves managed to take your electronics. well not only the electronics a. As well as my precious jewerly b. But they took my precious jewerly too c. and also my precious jewerly d. but also my precious jewerly e. And they tool my precious jewerly3.SPMB 2005 Because of the rain, the teacher couldnt come on time and ....... a. I neither couldd. I couldnt either b. Neither did Ie. So I didnt c. also I could not

4. SPMB/2003 I dont like his way of treating patients. His attitude towards his subordinates. a. You dont like b. Whether dont like c. Dont you like d. I dont like it either e. Nor do i like5. SPMB 2002 They have worked hard to prevent excessive goverment spending, protect environment, and...... a. Provide quality education b. The provision of quality education c. Providing quality educatio d. quality education is provided e. For providing quality education

6. SPMB/2002 Advertisement both influence peoples spending habits ..........a.Their standard of living is also raisedb. But also the raising of their standard of livingc. They can raise their standard of living tood. And raise their standard of livinge. As well the raise in their standard of living

7.UMPTN/2001I like this hotel very much, everything is so artistically arranged And ..........a.Good care to be given to all facilitiesb. They take good cake of all facilitiesc. Giving good care to all facilitiesd. The care of all facilities is goode. All facilities are well taken care of

8. UMPTN/2000Hanny became the focus of attention when she wore a colorful dress and ..........At my birthday party.a.Her behaviour is foolishb.Was a foolc. Behaved foolishd. Her foolishnesse. Her foolish behaviour

9. UMPTN/2000 Ridwan believes that advertisement on TV is the most effective.................As I dod. I do alsoThe same I doe. So I doSo do I

10. UMPTN/94I think my mother will be interested in reading this novel, But .........So will my fatherMy father wontSo does my fatherMy father is notMy father will be

PEMBAHASAN1.Dari dialogue tersebut terdapat kata kuncinya yaitu terdapat kata object yang artinya menolak. jadi jawabannya adalah: B2. Dari kalimat tersebut terdapat kata not only, not only temannya adalah but also. Maka Jawabannya: D3. Couldnt termasuk modal, maka couldnt harus diikutkan dalam EC Jawabannya: D4. Karena kalimatnya negative maka menggunakan either. Jawabannya: D5. Di dalam kalimat tersebut terdapat kata protect (verb I), dan terdapat conjuntion and conjunction and digunakan dalam kalimat majemuk setara, maka jawabannya harus menggunakan verb I. Jawabannya: A

6. Kata both biasanya ditemani oleh kata and, Jawabannya: D7. Conjunction And menunjukan kalimat majemuk setara. Jawabannya: E8. Conjuction and menunjukan kalimat majemuk setara, dan disitu setelah subject menggunakan kata Verb II, maka jawabannya harus menggunakan kata kerja Verb II. Jawabannya: C9. Jelas sekali dalam kalimat tersebut setelah subject menggunakan kata kerja bentuk 1 (Verb 1), kalau menggunakan kata kerja bentuk 1(verb I) harus menggunakan do/does, tergantung kepada subjectnya. Jawabannya: C10. Conjuction but menunjukan pertentangan. Apabila kalimat awalnya positive maka EC harus negative. Will not/wont Jawabannya: B