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Distribution Inventory systems

Apr 03, 2018

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    DISTRIBUTIONINVENTORY SYSTEMS

    Daniel SiswantoLab. Sistem Produksi

    Jurusan Teknik IndustriUniversitas Katolik Parahyangan

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    PENDAHULUAN

    Tujuan DIS : minimasi total biaya transportasidan memenuhi kebutuhan gudang dari sumberdaya yang tersedia.

    Time and place have value.

    The objective of distribution inventorymanagement is to have inventoryin the rightplace, at the right time, at reasonable cost.

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    HUBUNGAN DISTRIBUSI (1)

    1. One origin withseveral destinations

    Jika diasumsikan

    tingkat permintankonstan JointReplenishment EPQ

    ORIGIN

    DESTINATIONS

    One origin with severaldestinations

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    HUBUNGAN DISTRIBUSI (2)

    2. Several origins withone destinations

    Pada kasus ini, EPQuntuk masing-masingorigin dapat dihitungsecara independen tanpamemperhatikan origin

    yang lain karena tiaporigin menghasilkanitem yang berbedaEPQ/EOQ Single item

    ORIGINS

    DESTINATION

    Several origins with onedestinations

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    HUBUNGAN DISTRIBUSI (3)

    3. Several originswith severaldestinations

    Sangat kompleks,apalagi jika suatuorigin menghasilkanlebih dari 1 jenis item

    mathematicalprogramming ataunetwork theory

    DESTINATIONSORIGINS

    Several origins with several

    destinations

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    HUBUNGAN DISTRIBUSI (4)

    4. Severalorigins with aconsolidation

    terminal toseveraldestinations

    ORIGINS DESTINATIONS

    CONSOLIDATIONTERMINAL

    Several origins with a consolidation terminal toseveral destinations

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    PULL VS PUSH SYSTEM (1)

    PULL SYSTEM : The warehouse determines its requirements and orders

    from the factory, based on demand in one geographicarea only

    Orders without regard for the needs of other warehouses,the inventory available at the central warehouse, or theproduction schedule

    The Order Point System, The Periodic Review System,The Double Order Point System, The Sales ReplacementSystem, The Base Stock System, Distribution

    Requirements Planning (DRP)

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    PULL VS PUSH SYSTEM (2)

    PUSH SYSTEM : The forecast requirements for all warehouses aresummed by period, and scheduled production andavailable inventory is allocated to the warehouses

    Consider total projected requirements (all warehouseand direct sales requirements), inventory available atregional warehouses and the central warehouse,inventory in transit, and schedule receipts from thesource (plant or supplier) and determine quantityavailable for each warehouse and direct factory sales

    The central warehouse decides what to send to theregional warehouses

    Fair Share Allocation

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    DISTRIBUTION REQUIREMENTSPLANNING DRP (1)

    DRP ties production and distribution planningtogether by determining aggregate time phasednet requirements at the same point in thematerial flow as the MPS

    Each regional distribution center makes its ownforecast

    The projected warehouse orders and the directsales constitute the demand on the centralsupply source (warehouse)

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    DISTRIBUTION REQUIREMENTSPLANNING DRP (2)

    With DRP :

    1. Avoiding inventory build up in a location whenit is not necessary

    2. Better anticipate future needs in variousdistribution centers

    3. To coordinate the material supply more closelyto meet the actual forecasts of demand

    4. To make adjustments to the productionschedule more rapidly when changes in themarketplace occur

    See Fogarty Fig. 9-4

    http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_6/DRP.dochttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_6/DRP.dochttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_6/DRP.dochttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_6/DRP.doc
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    THE LATEST SHIP DATE

    The latest ship date is the day projected stock ata given warehouse will reach zero, minus thenormal replenishment lead time of thatwarehouse

    Addressed only the distribution of individualitem

    Assumed that the central warehouse hassufficient stock to meet the requirements of allbranch warehouse

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    FAIR SHARES (1)

    Combine many items in one shipment ( a jointshipment)

    The major fixed cost of shipping is spread acrossmany items with only a minor fixed shippingcost for each additional item

    Assumed that the central warehouse may haveno sufficient stock to meet the requirements ofall branch warehouse

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    FAIR SHARES (2)

    TS = time supply in daysIi = inventory on hand in

    warehouse i

    di = daily demand for

    warehouse i

    Qi = shipping quantity for

    warehouse i

    Ri = requirements forwarehouse i during

    runout period

    iii

    ii

    i

    i

    IRQ

    dTSR

    d

    ITS

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    FAIR SHARES (3)

    Ex : The central warehouse has 140 units of products

    WarehouseOn

    HandRequirements / week Daily Usage

    Minneapolis 10 25 25 25 25 25 5

    Atlanta20 30 30 30 30 30 6

    Denver

    18 20 20 20 20 20 4Pittsburgh

    10 15 15 15 15 15 3

    Total58 90 90 90 90 90 18

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    FAIR SHARES (4)

    TS = (140 + 58) / 18 = 11 days

    The objectives is to ship each warehouse the

    quantity required to bring its stock to an 11 days

    supply

    Q = 5 x 11

    10 = 45 units

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    FAIR SHARES (5)

    Warehouse Quantity Allocated

    Minneapolis 45

    Atlanta 46

    Denver 26

    Pittsburgh 23

    Total 140