Cara Belajar Toefl Untuk Pemula | 0815-874-0435 (Indosat)

Hubungi: 08788-‐299-‐0901 (XL) 0815-‐874-‐0435 (Indosat)

Tips Bahasa Inggris vol. 1 2

carabelajar.com | carajawab.com 4 Langkah belajar grammar bit.ly/grammarmudah

2

DAFTAR ISI

[TIPS #1 ADJECTIVE/RELATIVE CLAUSE] ................................................................................................. 3

[TIPS #2 CONDITIONAL SENTENCES] ...................................................................................................... 4

[TIPS #3 USED TO] .................................................................................................................................. 5

[TIPS #4 EXPRESSING PREFERENCES] ..................................................................................................... 6

[TIPS #5 IMPERATIVE SENTENCE] .......................................................................................................... 7

[TIPS #6 SIMPLE PRESENT TENSES] .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #7 PASSIVE VOICE] .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #8 DEGREE OF COMPARISON] ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #9 GERUND] .................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #10 INFINITIVE] ............................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #11 QUESTION TAG] ....................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #12 NOUN PHRASE] ........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #13 MODAL AUXILIARY] .................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #14 IMPERATIVE SENTENCE] .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #15 PASSIVE VOICE] ........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #16 CAUSATIVE VERB] .................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #17 PREPOSITION] .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #18 CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS] ............................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #19 STATIVE PASSIVE] ..................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #20 ADVERB CLAUSES] .................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #21 INDEFINITE ARTICLES: "A/AN"] ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #22 DEFINITE ARTICLE "THE"] ......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #23 COUNTABLE NOUN] ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #24 UNCOUTABLE NOUN] .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #25 REFLEXIVE PRONOUN] ............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #26 QUESTION WORD] ................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #27 PERSONAL PRONOUNS] ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #28 POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE] ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #29 DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN] .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

[TIPS #30 INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS] .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Hubungi: 08788-‐299-‐0901 (XL) 0815-‐874-‐0435 (Indosat) http://carajawab.com http://carabelajar.com



3

[TIPS #1 ADJECTIVE/RELATIVE CLAUSE]

Adjective/Relative Clause adalah clause (anak kalimat) yang digunakan sbg adjective yang menerangkan keadaan noun/pronoun.

Adjective Clause dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi 2, Relative Pronoun(kata ganti orang),(kata ganti benda & binatang) & Relative Adverbs.

Kata penghubung yang digunakan untuk Relative Pronoun(kata ganti orang) adalah:

1. Who berfungsi untuk menggantikan subjek (person as subject). Contoh "This Man who lives next to me is very friendly".

2. Whom berfungsi untuk menggantikan obyek (person as object). Contoh "This Man whom I met is very friendly".

3. Whose berfungsi sebagai kepemilikan. Contoh "The secretary whose bag is red entered the seminar room".

Kata penghubung yang digunakan Relative Pronoun(kata ganti benda & binatang) adalah:

4. Which berfungsi untuk benda baik subjek maupun objek. Contoh "The chair which he broke is being repaired".

5. That digunakan untuk manusia, hewan, dan hal, dalam subjek atau objek. Contoh "Here is a book that describes animals".

Sedangkan Relative Adverbs menggunakan 2 kata penghubung yang menjelaskan kata keterangan, yaitu:

6. When digunakan untuk menerangkan waktu. Contoh "My baby was born in the year when I moved to Italy".

7. Where digunakan untuk menerangkan tempat. Contoh "The hotel where we stayed last summer was very beautiful".

8. Kata penghubung "that", dapat digunakan pada Relative Pronoun(kata ganti orang) dan Relative Pronoun(kata ganti benda & binatang).

9. Kata penghubung who, whom, whose, that dan which pada contoh diatas diartikan "yang".

10. Adjective adlh kata sifat, Noun adalah kata benda, Pronoun adalah kata ganti dan Adverb adalah kata keterangan.




4

[TIPS #2 CONDITIONAL SENTENCES]

Conditional Sentences adalah kalimat pengandaian yang mempunyai 3 type, yaitu:

1. Type 1 adalah kalimat pengandaian yang mungkin terjadi, karna berada di masa depan atau akan terjadi.

2. Rumus, IF + S + Present Tense, S + (will) Future Tense ; tanpa koma, S + (will) Future Tense + IF + S + Present Tense.

3. Contoh "If I have free time, I will go swimming" ; "I will go swimming if I have free time".

4. Type 2 adalah kalimat pengandaian yang peluang terjadinya sedikit karna bentuk yang akan datang berada di masa lampau.

5. Rumus, IF + S + Past Tense, S + (would) Past Future ; tanpa koma, S + (would) Past Future + IF + S + Past Tense.

6. Contoh "If it rained tomorrow, I would sleep all day" ; " He would sleep all day if it rained tomorrow".

7. Type 3 adalah kalimat pengandaian yang tidak mungkin terjadi karna berada di masa lampau/sudah terjadi.

8. Rumus, IF + S + Past Perfect, S + (would have) Past Future Perfect ; tanpa koma, S + (would have) Past Future Perfect + IF + S + Past Perfect.

9. Contoh "If you had remembered to invite me, I would have attended your party".

10. Rumus if…not dapat digantikan degan unless. Contoh "If he doesn’t come, I won’t be angry./Unless he comes, I won’t be angry".




5

[TIPS #3 USED TO]

Used to digunakan untuk mengekspresikan suatu kebiasaan/aktifitas yang terjadi pada masa lampau & tidak lagi terjadi sampai saat ini.

Be/get Used to digunakan untuk menjelaskan aktifitas yang sdh menjadi kebiasaan sejak masa lampau.

Be used to mempunyai arti yang sama dengan be accustomed to.

Yang membedakan Used to dengan Be used to adalah:

1. Used to + V1. Untuk mengkespresikan “Habitual Past” (kebiasaan di masa lampau), “used” diikuti dengan infinitive.

2. Be used to + Ving. Sedangkan “Be used to” dan “be accustomed to” diikuti dengan gerund.

3. Contoh penggunaan Used to "Jack used to live in Chicago”. (Jack dulu tinggal di Chicago).

4. Contoh penggunaan Be used to "She is used to sitting at this desk". (Dia terbiasa duduk di kursi ini).

5. Gerund adalah kata yang dibentuk dari verb dengan ditambahkan suffix (akhiran ) -ing dan berfungsi sebagai noun (kata benda).

6. Infinitive adalah verbal yang terdiri dari to & bentuk simple dari verb dimana dpt berfungsi sbg noun, adjective & adverb.




6

[TIPS #4 EXPRESSING PREFERENCES]

Preference adalah suatu bentuk pernyataan yang menyatakan perasaan lebih suka dari yang lain, beberapa bentuk yang dapat digunakan yaitu:

1. Rumus Prefer, prefer + to Infinitive, prefer + nouns + to + nouns, prefer + Ving + to + Ving.

2. Contoh "They prefer to stay home", "My mother prefers lemon to orange juice", "She prefers swimming to dancing".

3. Rumus Would Rather, would rather + (noun/V1) + than (noun/V1).

4. Contoh "She would rather stay home than go shopping" (Dia lebih suka tinggal di rumah daripada pergi berbelanja).

5. Rumus Would Prefer, would prefer + (noun/Ving) + rather than + (noun/Ving).

6. Contoh " I would rather running rather than sleeping", " I would prefer apartment rather than home".

7. Rumus Like, Like + (nouns/Ving) + better than + (nouns /Ving).

8. Contoh "I like singing a song better than playing a guitar", "I like coffee better than milk".

9. Rumus Had Better, had better + bare infinitives, Contoh " You had better study hard" (kamu lebih baik belajar yg giat).

10. Bare infinitives adalah infinitive yang tidak diikuti oleh particle ”to”.




7

[TIPS #5 IMPERATIVE SENTENCE]

Imperative Sentence (Kal. Perintah) yang digunakan untuk membuat perintah (command), permintaan (request)/petunjuk (direction).

Suatu imperative sentence umumnya tidak menggunakan subject (you) karena dianggap sudah dimengerti (understood).

1. Perintah positif degan kata kerja berpola V1. Ex "Come here", "Come on time".

2. Perintah negatif degan kata kerja berpola Do not + V1. Ex "Don’t come here".

3. Perintah positif tanpa kata kerja berpola Be + adj. Ex " Be careful".

4. Perintah negatif tanpa kata kerja berpola Do not + be. Ex "Don't be lazy".

5. Arahan, ex(to go to the Bank) "Turn left at Orchad Street, and then go staight".

6. Penawaran/ajakan, ex "Come over to our house sometime".

7. Anjuran, kata kerja yang sering digunakan adlh Let's (Let us). Ex "Let's go home".

8. Kalimat Imperative dapat digunakan untuk kata benda / kata ganti. Ex "Somebody answer the phone".

9. Kata "You" sebelum imperative dapat digunakan untuk menunjukan ekspresi marah. Ex "You take your hands off me!"




8




9




10




11




12

BELAJAR GRAMMAR


Cara Belajar Toefl Untuk Pemula | 0815-874-0435 (Indosat)

Education