An Overview : Segara Anakan lagoon biodiversity (hotspot) facing natural and human-impacted pressure June 9 th -12 th , 2015 Presented by: Presented by: Agung Dhamar Syakti ([email protected] ) CENTER FOR MARITIME BIOSCIENCES STUDIES– JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN UNIVERSITY FISHERIES AND MARINE SCIENCES FACULTY- JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN UNIVERSITY With support and collaboration with
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An
Overv
iew
:S
eg
ara
An
akan
lag
oo
n b
iod
ivers
ity (
ho
tsp
ot)
facin
g
natu
ral an
d h
um
an
-im
pacte
d p
ressu
re
Ju
ne
9th
-12
th,
2015
Pre
sen
ted
by:
Pre
sen
ted
by:
Ag
un
g D
ham
ar
Syakti
(ag
un
gsyakti
@ch
em
ist.
co
m)
CE
NT
ER
FO
R M
AR
ITIM
E B
IOS
CIE
NC
ES
ST
UD
IES
–J
EN
DE
RA
L S
OE
DIR
MA
N U
NIV
ER
SIT
YF
ISH
ER
IES
AN
D M
AR
INE
SC
IEN
CE
S F
AC
ULT
Y-
JE
ND
ER
AL
SO
ED
IRM
AN
UN
IVE
RS
ITY
Wit
h s
up
po
rt a
nd
co
lla
bo
rati
on
wit
h
�To
ove
rvie
wIn
do
ne
sia
nm
ari
ne
ec
os
ys
tem
�To
fig
ure
ou
t b
iod
ive
rsit
yo
f S
eg
ara
An
ak
an
lag
oo
nb
as
in
�To
dis
cu
ss
cu
rre
nt
sit
ua
tio
n a
fte
rn
atu
rala
nd
hu
ma
nim
pa
cte
dp
res
su
re
OB
JE
CT
IVE
S
Ove
rvie
wo
f In
do
ne
sia
Se
ga
raA
na
ka
n
Na
tura
l a
nd
an
thro
po
ge
nic
pre
ss
ure
Ove
rvie
wo
f In
do
ne
sia
Co
nc
lus
ion
s a
nd
Pe
rsp
ec
tive
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op
ula
tio
no
fo
ve
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40
mil
lio
np
eo
ple
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he
rea
reo
ve
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7,5
88
isla
nd
s�
99
,09
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mo
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oa
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lli
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s�
2.9
27
.00
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of
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on
es
iais
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ve
red
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ate
r�
16
à3
5°C
;6
0à
90
%.
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co
sys
tem
sb
iod
ive
rsit
y
CO
RA
L T
RIA
NG
LE
RE
GIO
N
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p:/
/en
.wik
ipe
dia
.org
/wik
i/C
ora
l_T
ria
ngle
•C
on
tain
18
pe
rce
nt
of
the
wo
rld
’s c
ora
l re
efs
;
•O
ve
r7
0 g
en
era
an
d 5
00
sp
ecie
s o
f re
ef-
bu
ildin
g c
ora
l;
•2
,50
0 s
pe
cie
s o
f fish
;
•2
,50
0 s
pe
cie
s o
f m
ollu
sc;
•1
,50
0 s
pe
cie
s o
f cru
sta
ce
an
;
•a
nd
a v
ari
ety
of
oth
er
ma
rin
e b
iota
(US
AID
, 2
01
2)
QU
ELQ
UE
S I
MA
GE
S S
ED
UIS
AN
TE
S…
.Q
UE
LQ
UE
S I
MA
GE
S S
ED
UIS
AN
TE
S…
.
Natu
na
Isla
nd
Raja
Am
pat-P
apua
MA
RIT
IME
TR
AN
SP
OR
TA
TIO
N F
OR
CR
UD
E O
IL A
ND
OIL
PR
OD
UC
TS
JA
PA
N
(Sourc
e: T
ropic
al C
oasts
, 2000)
Segara
Anakan
Jakart
a B
ay
Mala
cca s
trait
SE
GA
RA
AN
AK
AN
BIO
DIV
ER
SIT
YB
IOD
IVE
RS
ITY
Wh
y M
ari
ne B
iod
ivers
ity In
Seg
ara
A
nakan
Lag
oo
n C
ilacap
is s
o im
po
rtan
t?
•T
he
re a
re t
he
la
rge
st
ma
ng
rove
are
as
in
th
e s
ou
th c
oa
st
of
java
;
•S
eg
ara
An
ak
an
is o
ne
of
the
la
st
rem
ain
ing
ma
ng
rove
/la
go
on
e
co
sys
tem
s o
n t
he
Ind
on
es
ian
is
lan
d o
f J
ava
;e
co
sys
tem
s o
n t
he
Ind
on
es
ian
is
lan
d o
f J
ava
;
•T
he
Ma
ng
rove
s o
f S
eg
ara
An
ak
an
are
ho
me
fo
r a
nu
mb
er
of
ma
rin
e s
pe
cie
s;
•S
eg
ara
An
ak
an
inc
lud
es
th
ree
ma
jor
ec
os
ys
tem
s;
ma
rin
e,
es
tua
rin
e a
nd
up
lan
d, th
at
are
in
tim
ate
ly lin
ke
d w
ith
ea
ch
oth
er
by b
iop
hys
ica
l p
roc
es
se
s;
•T
he
es
tua
ryh
as
24
,00
0 h
a o
f m
an
gro
ve
fo
res
t.S
pa
wn
ing
gro
un
d
Ha
bit
at
pro
vid
er
Nu
trie
nt
inp
ut
Fee
din
gg
rou
nd
Nu
rser
y g
rou
nd
…..
…. B
iote
chn
olo
gy
SE
GA
RA
AN
AK
AN
LA
GO
ON
I
IIII
I
IV
�M
an
gro
ve
�F
ish
es
�B
en
tho
s
�P
lan
kto
n
�M
icro
org
an
ism
QU
ALIT
AT
IVE
DA
TA
!
Co
mp
onent
Fa
mily
Sp
ecie
s
Ma
jor
co
mp
on
en
tA
vic
en
nia
ce
ae
Avic
ennia
alb
a
A. m
arina
A. off
icin
alis
Rh
izo
ph
ora
ce
ae
Bru
guie
ra c
ylin
drica
B. gym
norr
hiz
a
B. parv
iflo
ra
B. sexangula
Ceriops tagal
C. decandra
Rhiz
ophora
apic
ula
ta
Sp
ecie
s D
ivers
ity o
f S
eg
ara
An
akan
Man
gro
ves
Ma
ng
rove
asso
cia
tes
�H
ot
sp
ot
ma
ng
rove
bio
div
ers
tity
�2
4
(Ou
r stu
dy)
of
43
(FA
O,
20
05
) m
an
gro
ve
sp
ecie
sh
ave
be
en
fo
un
d
he
re
Rhiz
ophora
apic
ula
ta
R. m
ucro
nata
R. sty
losa
So
nn
era
tiacea
eS
onnera
tia a
lba
S. caseola
ris
Pa
lma
eN
ypa fru
ticans
Min
or
co
mp
on
en
tA
ca
nth
aceae
Acanth
us il
icifoliu
s
Pte
rid
ace
ae
Acro
stichum
aure
um
Myrs
ina
ce
ae
Aegic
era
s c
orn
icula
tum
A. floridum
Eu
ph
orb
iacea
eE
xcoecaria a
gallo
cha
Ste
rcu
liace
ae
Heritiera
litt
ora
lis
Scyphip
hora
hydro
pylla
cea
Me
liace
ae
Xylo
carp
us g
ranatu
m
X. m
olu
ccensis
•A
tala
ntia
trim
era
•Ca
lop
hylu
min
op
hylu
m
•C
erb
era
ma
ng
ha
s
•C
lero
de
ndro
nm
ara
e
•C
ory
ph
au
ton
•D
olic
ha
ud
ron
esp
ath
ace
ae
•D
err
istr
ifo
liata
•F
icu
s r
etu
sa
•F
inla
yso
nia
ob
ova
ta
•H
ibis
cu
s tili
ace
us
•M
ero
pe
an
gu
lata
•P
rem
na
ob
tusifo
lia
Ma
ng
rove
asso
cia
tes
(So
urc
e :
Un
soed
; C
CM
RS
-IP
B)
A.
co
rnic
ula
tum
A.
ma
rin
a
B.
gym
no
rrh
iza
C.
tag
al
N.
fru
ctica
n
R.
ap
icu
lata
S.
ca
se
ola
ris
X.
gra
na
tum
Po
ten
tial M
an
gro
ve f
rom
Seg
ara
An
akan
–A
n e
co
log
ica
lly a
nd
eco
no
mic
ally
ric
h a
rea
–P
rote
ct co
astlin
e fro
m e
rosio
n, sto
rm d
am
ag
e a
nd
wa
ve
actio
nm
ate
ria
ls–
Bio
pro
sp
ectin
g
•B
iolo
gic
al D
ivers
ity =
Chem
ical D
ivers
ity
!!!
NO
N D
ES
TR
UC
TIV
E A
PP
RO
AC
HS
: A
SS
OC
IAT
ED
MIC
RO
OR
GA
NIS
M
Bacte
ria is
ola
tion
-sedim
ent
-dilu
tion p
lating techniq
ue
-purification
ME
TH
OD
OL
OG
Y
-Lig
ht m
icro
scopy
-G
ram
sta
inin
g-A
PI 20 N
E
-9F
and 1
510R
-A
BI P
RIS
M-
CLU
STA
L W
CU
LT
IVA
TIO
N
MO
RP
HO
LO
GY
+ P
HY
SIO
LO
GY
PA
Hs
SU
BL
IMA
TIO
N1
6S
rD
NA
En
tero
ba
cte
r
4%
Th
ioc
lav
a
2%
Th
ala
sso
spir
alu
2%
Ste
no
tro
ph
om
on
as
2%
Pse
ud
om
on
as
9%
Ac
tin
om
yc
ete
s
31
%
Kle
bsi
ell
a
6%
Ba
cil
lale
s
38
%
Vib
rio
2%
Alt
ero
mo
na
s
2%
Mic
rob
ulb
ife
r
2%
31
%
Ha
lob
ac
illu
s
tru
pe
ri
1%
Bac
illu
s v
all
ism
ort
is
1%
Ba
cillu
s te
qu
ile
nsi
s
20
%B
ac
illu
s su
bti
lis
sub
sp.
ina
qu
oso
rum
1% B
ac
illu
s B
ac
illu
s fi
rmu
s
Ba
cil
lus
me
ga
teri
um
11
%
Ba
cil
lus
sp.
2%
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cil
lus
stra
tosp
he
ric
us
1%
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illu
s in
fan
tis
1%
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cil
lus
vie
tna
me
nsi
s
11
%
Ba
cil
lus
rig
ui
1%
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en
ibac
illu
s b
are
ng
olt
zii
2%
Pa
en
ibac
illu
s
am
ylo
lyti
cu
s
1%
Pa
en
iba
cil
lus
ba
rcin
on
en
sis
7%
Ba
cila
lles
Div
ers
ity (
18
sp
ecie
s)
Ba
cil
lus
vie
tna
me
nsi
s
2%
Bac
illu
s fi
rmu
s
22
%
Bac
illu
s o
ce
an
ise
dim
inis
1%
Ba
cil
lus
ary
ab
ha
tta
i
11
%
Ba
cil
lus
stra
tosp
he
ric
us
1%
My
co
ba
cte
riu
m
pa
rafo
rtu
itu
m
10
%M
yc
ob
ac
teri
um
fort
uit
um
su
bsp
.
ac
eta
mid
oly
tic
um
14
%
Iso
pte
ric
ola
va
ria
bil
is
7%
Bre
vib
ac
teri
um
Rh
od
oc
oc
cu
s e
qu
i
7%
Ce
llu
losi
mic
rob
ium
ce
llu
lan
s
3%
Ce
llu
losi
mic
rob
ium
fun
ke
i
20
%
Mic
roc
oc
cu
s sp
.
3%
Actin
om
yce
tes
Div
ers
ity (
15
Sp
ecie
s)
Bre
vib
ac
teri
um
san
gu
inis
4%
Str
ep
tom
yc
es
vio
lasc
en
s
3%
Str
ep
tom
yc
es
ch
rom
ofu
scu
s
7%
Str
ep
tom
yc
es
sp.
3%
Str
ep
tom
yc
es
ko
ya
ng
en
sis
3%
Str
ep
tom
yc
es
ch
art
reu
sis
3%
Str
ep
tom
yc
es
she
nzh
en
en
sis
3%
Str
ep
tom
yc
es
hy
de
rab
ad
en
sis
10
%
7%
BIO
PR
OS
PE
CT
ING
•M
arine b
iore
media
tion :
scre
enin
g f
or
PA
Hs-d
egra
ders
•A
ntibacte
ria
agents
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ntifu
ngiagents
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atu
ral pig
ment
: C
arr
ote
noid
KH
K
T
KM
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nderg
raduate
d�
Post gra
duate
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Ph.D
?
III
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oscin
odis
cus
sp.
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haeto
cero
ssp.
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hlo
roco
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msp.
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edo
go
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pir
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yra
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ho
mid
ium
sp.
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scil
ato
ria
sp.
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leo
tric
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sp.
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era
tiu
msp.
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ug
len
asp.
III
IV
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9sp
ecie
sfr
om
10
fam
ille
s.
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ba
di
et
al.,
20
09
;
this
stu
dy,
20
14
)
�4
5sp
ecie
sd
ete
cte
din
19
85
�2
7sp
ecie
sd
ete
cte
din
20
10
(Atm
aja
,2010)
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ecie
sd
ete
cte
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ur
stu
dy,
20
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)
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pe
cie
sL
oca
lna
me
Lit
tora
ria s
cabra
No
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pe
cie
sL
oca
lna
me
1M
eta
pe
na
eus ly
sia
na
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an
g k
roso
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na
eu
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erg
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an
g p
utih
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ci
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eta
pe
na
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pp
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an
g d
ogo
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na
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on
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ind
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na
eu
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on
od
on
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an
g tig
er
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acro
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ch
ium
ro
se
nb
erg
iiU
da
ng g
ala
h
An
gu
illa
sp
�3
7sp
ecie
sw
ith
14
30
ab
un
da
ce
exte
nt
�R
ed
list
IUC
N,
Ap
pe
ndix
CIT
ES
,L
imo
sa
limo
sa
(Lin
na
eu
s,
17
58
),M
ycte
ria
cin
ere
a(R
affle
s,
18
22
),L
ep
top
tilo
sja
va
nic
us
(Ho
rsfie
ld,
182
1),
Ch
ara
dri
us
java
nic
us
(Ch
ase
n,
19
38
)
NA
TU
RA
L A
ND
AN
TH
RO
PH
OG
EN
IC
PR
ES
SU
RE
PR
ES
SU
RE
SA
L
Atm
osp
he
ric
de
po
sitio
n
Conta
min
ants
inputs
:S
egara
Anakan
Lagoon
(SA
L)
�pre
cipit
atio
n
�se
wer
age
�by-p
ass
(hig
hly
rain
)
�by-p
ass
�outf
all
�le
achat
e
�dif
fuse
Ag
ricu
ltu
ral
activitie
s
Do
me
stic
inp
uts
Ind
ustr
ies
WW
TP
Ha
rbo
ur
zo
ne
Ru
n-o
ff
rive
rs
SA
L
Na
tura
l (a
cc
en
tua
ted
) P
res
su
re In
Se
ga
ra A
na
ka
n
Sed
imen
tati
on
oT
he
C
ita
nd
uy
Riv
er
tra
ns
po
rts
se
dim
en
ts i
nto
Se
ga
raA
na
ka
no
Cit
an
du
yri
ve
r :
9 m
illi
on
to
nn
es
/ye
ar
(Lu
dw
ing
, 1
98
5)
oO
the
r s
ou
rce
s :
5-
10
mil
lio
n t
on
ne
s/y
ea
r (
EC
I, 1
98
7)
o2
.6 m
illi
on
to
nn
es
/ye
ars
are
de
po
sit
ed
o6
40
0 h
a (
19
03
) to
27
00
ha
(1
98
6)
…..
80
0 h
a (
20
15
)
oW
ate
rq
ua
lity
pro
ble
ms
: h
yd
rod
yn
am
icre
gim
e a
llo
ws
a h
igh
p
erc
en
tag
e o
f s
us
pe
nd
ed
se
dim
en
ts t
o s
ett
le i
n t
he
la
go
on
an
d
red
uc
ed
th
e l
ag
oo
n d
ep
th t
o 1
.5-5
m
oP
art
icu
larl
yp
es
tic
ide
s r
un
off
fro
m u
pla
nd
ag
ric
ult
ure
an
d p
oo
r e
co
no
mic
co
nd
itio
ns
of
the
co
as
tal
inh
ab
ita
nts
So
urc
e : A
rdh
li, 2
00
8ca.3
,000 h
a
So
urc
e : A
rdh
li, 2
00
8ca.1
,000 h
a
An
thro
ph
og
en
ic P
ressu
re In
Seg
ara
An
akan
1.
Re
so
urc
e e
xp
loit
ati
on
co
as
tal a
rea
–c
utt
ing
: f
ue
l a
nd
co
ns
tru
cti
on
(>
1
.50
0 h
a h
ave
be
en
d
eva
sta
ted
)
–M
an
gro
ve
co
nve
rtio
n:
farm
lan
da
nd
fis
hp
on
d)
–m
an
gro
ve
fo
res
t s
eve
rely
de
gra
de
d a
nd
re
du
ce
d b
y 1
90
h
a p
er
ye
ar
2.B
oth
inorg
an
ic a
nd
org
an
ic p
oll
uta
nts
wer
e d
etec
ted
in
the
lagoon
wate
rs
(So
em
od
iha
djo
, 1
98
9)
RE
CE
NT
ST
UD
IES
(S
yakti e
t al)
•P
ers
iste
nt O
rga
nic
Co
mp
ou
nd
s
–H
yd
roca
rbon
s
–P
CB
sa
nd
Org
an
och
lori
ne
Pe
sticid
es (
Aziz
et a
l, 2
01
5)
•E
me
rgin
gO
rga
nic
Po
lluta
nts
–R
ece
ntly
de
tecte
din
th
e e
nvir
on
me
nt
–R
ece
ntly
de
tecte
din
th
e e
nvir
on
me
nt
–N
ot in
clu
de
din
en
vir
on
me
nta
lro
utin
e m
on
ito
rin
g
pro
gra
mm
es
–T
ha
t ca
ng
en
era
tea
dve
rse
effe
cto
n th
e e
co
syste
m
•H
ea
vy
me
tals
•B
iore
me
dia
tio
n
29
CR
UD
E O
IL C
OM
PO
SIT
ION
PE
TR
OL
EU
M N
HY
DR
OC
AR
BO
NS
CH
CH
2C
l 2/M
eO
HC
7H
16/C
H2C
l 2
�
Sili
ce
Alu
min
e
MO
EM
OE
Sé
dim
en
ts
Extr
acti
on
�C
7H
16
HC
+P
CB
s
31
�
CH
2C
l 2/M
eO
H
Po
lair
es
PA
Hs
+O
Cs
C7H
16/C
H2C
l 2
�
GC
-MS
FL
UO
/UV
-EE
S
050100
150
200
250
300
350
250
270
290
310
330
350
370
390
410
430
450
470
490
Intensité
Long
ueu
r d'o
nde
en n
m
15
.00
20
.00
30
.00
40
.00
50
.00
60
.00
70
.00
An
aly
sis
ma
rin
s
5,0
00
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,00
0 µ
g/k
g
2,7
00
-6,0
00
µg
/kg
3,7
00
-7,2
00
µg
/kg
12
9.0
00
µg
/kg
Gas
ch
rom
ato
gra
ms
of
satu
rate
d h
yd
roca
rbo
n f
ract
ion
s o
f d
iffe
ren
t
rep
rese
nta
tive
stat
ion
s (r
iver
, se
a, l
ago
on
an
d r
efin
ery s
edim
ent)
.
HP
LC
ch
rom
ato
gra
mob
tain
ed
fro
mS
AN
Rsed
imen
ts.
Pea
kid
en
titie
sa
re(1
).na
ph
tha
len
e(N
a),
(2)a
cena
phte
ne
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),(3
)flu
ore
ne
(F),
(4)
phen
an
thre
ne
(Phe
),(5
)a
nth
racene
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t),
(6)
fluo
ran
thene
(Fl),
(7)
pyre
ne
(Pyr)
,(8
)B
en
zo
(a)a
nth
racene
(B[a
]An
t),
(9)
ch
ryse
ne
(Ch
r),
(10
)ben
zo
(b)f
luo
ran
thene
(B[b
]Fl),
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nzo
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luo
ran
thene
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]Fl),
(12
)b
en
zo
(a)p
yre
ne
(B[a
]Pyr)
,(1
3)
ind
eno
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,3-c
d)
pyre
ne
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),(1
4)
dib
en
zo
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thra
cene
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[ah
]An
t),
an
d(1
5)
ben
zo
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i)pe
ryle
ne
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hi]P
).T
he
excita
tion
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an
dem
issio
n(λ
eM)
wa
ve
length
pro
gra
mto
de
term
ine
ind
ivid
ua
lP
AH
sand
gra
die
nt
elu
tion
pro
gra
mu
sin
gsolv
en
tw
ith
flu
ore
sce
nce
de
tection
follo
win
gliq
uid
–liq
uid
A(A
ce
ton
itrile
)a
nd
so
lve
ntB
(Wate
r).
SQ
G T
EL
-ER
L (
µg.k
g-1
dw
.)
(Burt
on e
t al
., 2
002)
% o
f st
atio
ns
< T
EL
TE
L-E
RL
> E
RL
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60
94
6-
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069
625
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019
44
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19
25
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40
31
13
56
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50-9
025
44
31
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110-6
00
63
31
6
Pyr
150-6
60
69
19
13
B[a
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60
63
25
13
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110-3
80
Chry
110-3
80
50
44
6
B[b
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20
81
613
B[k
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60-2
80
44
56
0
IPyr
--
--
dB
[ah]A
nt
--
--
B[g
hi]
P-
--
-
∑PA
Hs
870-3
500
25
56
19
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TE
L :
se
dim
en
t a
re e
xp
ecte
d t
o h
ave
an
ad
ve
rse
effe
ct
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EL
-ER
L :
se
dim
en
t h
ave
po
ten
tia
l to
xic
ity w
ith
a p
rob
ab
le a
dve
rse
effe
ct
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ER
L :
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ve
rse
to
xic
olo
gic
al e
ffe
cts
ca
n b
e d
ete
cte
d
PC
Bs
+ O
Cs
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tecte
dP
CB
s:
CB
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, C
B-5
2,
CB
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1
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tecte
dO
cs
: p
,p’ D
DE
an
d p
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DT
PC
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Cs
SA
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(µg/k
g d
w)
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g
dw
)
SA
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(µg/k
g d
w)
SA
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g d
w)
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-10
(µg/k
g d
w)
SA
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g d
w)
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B 2
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50,5
10,0
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7
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00
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01
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00
00
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7
pp
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E0
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0,0
22,8
50,1
2,8
7
∑P
esti
cid
es0
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0,0
22,8
50,1
2,8
7
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me
rgin
gP
oll
uta
nts
inc
lud
ea
wid
era
ng
e o
f m
ole
cu
les
fre
qu
en
tly
dis
cu
ss
ed
in t
he
lit
era
ture
:
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lga
l to
xin
s(m
icro
cys
tin
s)
–D
ete
rge
nts
(Alk
ylp
he
no
ls)
–D
rug
so
f a
bu
se
(c
oc
ain
, m
orp
hin
)–
Ga
so
lin
ea
dd
itiv
es
(M
TB
E)
EM
ER
GIN
G P
OL
LU
TA
NT
S
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as
oli
ne
ad
dit
ive
s (
MT
BE
)–
Pe
rflu
oro
alk
yla
ted
su
bs
tan
ce
s–
Pe
rso
na
lc
are
pro
du
cts
(pa
rab
en
) –
Pe
sti
cid
es
–P
ha
rma
ce
uti
ca
ls (
an
tib
ioti
cs
, h
orm
on
es
)–
Pla
sti
ciz
ers
(bis
ph
en
ol
A)
–…
>100
Co
mp
ou
nd
s(>
95 %
of
accu
racy)
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ction,
Gla
ss b
ott
le
Wat
er
Oasis
filtere
d
LC
-qT
OF
-MS
Oasis
H
LB
SP
E
Mahdi
Ahm
ed e
t al 2012
Piram
et al 2008
Dim
ecro
tic
acid
, hym
echro
mon
e,
vale
rylsaly
cila
teand P
hath
alic
acid
Mono-2
-eth
ylh
exyl E
ste
r w
ere
found in t
he w
hole
sta
tion indic
ating a
pport
ionm
ent
from
som
e a
dm
inis
trate
d d
rugs a
nd u
biq
uit
ou
s p
lasti
c u
ses.
Nat
ura
l so
urc
e ap
po
rtio
nm
ent
Hu
man
-im
pac
ted
sou
rce
app
ort
ionm
ent
HE
AV
Y M
ETA
LS
Cr
Cu
Fe
Mn
Ni
Ti
VZ
n
Bac
kg
rou
nd
Oil
ref
iner
y s
ite
Av
erag
ed e
xte
nts
Hu
man
-im
pac
ted
sou
rce
app
ort
ionm
ent
Cr,
Ni
an
d Z
n+
Re
fin
ery
sit
e
WH
AT
WE
SH
OU
LD
WE
DO
?
�B
IOR
EM
ED
IAT
ION
Me
tho
do
log
y t
ha
t e
mp
loy liv
ing
o
rga
nis
ms (
mic
rob
ial)
to
de
co
mp
ose
to
xic
po
lluta
nts
in
to le
ss h
arm
ful
co
mp
ou
nd
s a
nd
/or
to r
em
ove
to
xic
co
mp
ou
nd
s fro
m t
he
en
vir
on
me
nt.
n-C
15
n-C
18
• Env
ironm
enta
l sou
nd
• Saf
e (in
dige
nous
bac
teria
)
• Red
uce
long
ter
m r
isk
sim
ulta
neou
sly
•Les
s ex
pens
ive
than
phy
sica
l/che
mic
al
trea
tmen
t
•Can
be
appl
ied
in s
itu
(on-
site
), to
avo
id th
e
cost
for
rem
ovin
g an
d tr
ansp
ortin
g
cont
amin
ated
soi
ls/s
edim
ents
AD
VA
NT
AG
ES
BIO
DE
GR
AD
AT
ION
OF
C
ON
TA
MIN
AT
ED
SE
DIM
EN
T
(4 w
eek)
30.0
050.0
070.0
090.0
0
PrP
hE
I
UC
M
n-C
13
n-C
21
n-C
30
10.0
030.0
050.0
070.0
090.0
0
EI
n-C
18
n-C
24
n-C
14
n-C
29
Ph
cont
amin
ated
soi
ls/s
edim
ents
Bacte
ria is
ola
tion
-conta
min
ate
d s
edim
ent
-dilu
tion p
lating techniq
ue
-purification
ME
TH
OD
OL
OG
Y
-Lig
ht m
icro
scopy
-G
ram
sta
inin
g-A
PI 20 N
E
-M
arine a
gar
–O
NR
7-
phenoth
ia, fluo, fluora
n,
dib
enzo, phen a
nd p
hyr
-9F
and 1
510R
-A
BI P
RIS
M-
CLU
STA
L W
CU
LT
IVA
TIO
N
MO
RP
HO
LO
GY
+ P
HY
SIO
LO
GY
PA
Hs
SU
BL
IMA
TIO
N1
6S
rD
NA
Identifica
tion r
esu
lts
refe
rrin
g t
o N
CBI
Bla
st:
•S1, :
Fle
xibact
era
ceae
bact
erium
•S2, :
Baci
llus
aquim
aris
•S3, :
Baci
llus
megate
rium
•S4, :
Halo
baci
llus
trueperi
•S5, :
Rhodobact
era
ceae
bact
erium
•S6, :
Baci
llus
pum
ilus
S1, : :
(AY264841, 98 %
)(A
Y264841, 98 %
)•
S6, :
Baci
llus
pum
ilus
�S1, : :
(AY264841, 98 %
)(A
Y264841, 98 %
)�
S2, : :
(EU
372864,
99 %
)(E
U372864,
99 %
)�
S3, : :
(EU
869261,
99 %
)(E
U869261,
99 %
)�
S4, : :
(EU
62443, 99 %
)(E
U 6
2443, 99 %
)�
S5, : :
(AJ8
71951, 100 %
)(A
J871951, 100 %
)�
S6, : :
(EU
869282,
99 %
)(E
U869282,
99 %
)
CO
NC
LU
SIO
NS
AN
D P
ER
SP
EC
TIV
E
�S
AN
R w
ate
r h
as a
hig
h p
ote
nti
al o
f th
e P
OP
s, tr
ace e
lem
en
t an
d E
Ps
po
llu
tan
t ri
sk
�N
eed inte
rdis
iplin
ary
researc
h f
ield
work
to v
alid
ate
the o
bserv
ed im
pact
�C
olla
bora
tive r
esearc
h intr
a-
and inte
r-dis
cip
lines/institu
tes/c
ountr
ies w
ill
�C
olla
bora
tive r
esearc
h intr
a-
and inte
r-dis
cip
lines/institu
tes/c
ountr
ies w
ill
be favora
ble
for
bett
er
mitig
ate
one o
f th
e h
ots
pot
bio
div
ers
ity
mangro
ve in
Indonesia
�M
ed
Ne
tSia
48
ME
RC
I P
OU
R V
OT
RE
AT
TE
NT
ION
!
49
No
N
am
e
Fie
ld e
xp
ert
ise
1
Dr.
Ag
un
g D
ha
ma
r S
ya
kti
, S
.Pi,
DE
A
Te
am
le
ad
er
–M
ari
ne
Po
llu
tio
n a
nd
Bio
rem
ed
iati
on
2N
un
ing
Vit
a H
ida
ya
ti,
S.P
i.,
M.S
iW
ate
r Q
ua
ilit
y2
Nu
nin
gV
ita
Hid
aya
ti,
S.P
i.,
M.S
iW
ate
r Q
ua
ilit
y
3
Dr.
En
da
ng
Hil
mi
Ma
ng
rove
Ec
olo
gy
4
Dr.
Re
r.n
at
Yu
su
fS
ub
ag
yo
So
cia
l-e
co
no
mic
5
Riy
an
ti,
S.K
el.
M.b
iote
ch
Ma
rin
e B
Iote
ch
no
log
y
6
Tri
Nu
rca
hyo
, S
.Ke
l.,
M.S
i.O
ce
on
og
rap
hy
7
Ha
rto
yo
, S
.Pi.
, M
TH
yd
rolo
gy
8
Mu
sli
h,
S.P
i.,
M.S
iF
ish
eri
es
9
Dra
. N
ua
rin
aA
nd
ran
i, M
.Si
Be
nth
os
Ec
olo
gy
謝謝
TH
AN
K Y
OU
TE
RIM
A K
AS
IH
2014-D4-12014-D4-2
2014-D4-3
2014-D1-2
2014-D1-3
-7.65
Utara
2014-D3-1
2014-D3-2
2014-D2-1
2014-D2-2
2014-D2-3
2014-D1-1
2014-D1-3
108.75
108.8
108.85
108.9
108.95
109
109.05
Bujur
-7.75
-7.7
Lintang
No
.F
am
ily
Sp
esie
s1
Assim
ineid
ae
Sphaera
ssim
inea
min
iata
2B
ucciii
dae
Ris
soin
a s
p.
3C
ath
aru
s s
p.
4P
isania
sp.
5E
llobiid
ae
Ello
biu
m a
urisju
dae
6C
assid
ula
sp.1
7C
assid
ula
sp.2
16
Neritiid
ae
Nerita
lin
eata
17
Nerita
pla
nospira
18
Neritina v
iola
cea
19
Neritina t
urr
ita
20
Neritina z
igza
g
21
Nerito
dry
as s
p.
22
Neritina s
p.1
23
Onchiid
idae
Onchid
ium
sp.
7C
assid
ula
sp.2
8C
assid
ula
sp.3
9Laem
odonata
sp.
10
Litto
rinid
ae
Litto
iaria s
cabra
11
Litto
iaria c
ariniv
era
12
Litto
iaria s
p.1
13
Litto
iaria s
p.2
14
Muriciid
ae
Chic
ore
us
capucin
us
15
Nassariid
ae
Nassarius s
p.
23
Onchiid
idae
Onchid
ium
sp.
24
Pota
mid
idae
Tele
scopiu
m
tele
scopiu
m
25
Cerith
idea
rhiz
op
hari
um
26
Cerith
idea o
btu
sa
27
Cerith
idea c
ingula
ta
28
Cerith
idea s
p.1
29
Turr
itelli
dae
Turr
itella
sp.
No
Fa
mil
yS
pe
cie
s1
An
gu
illid
ae
An
gu
illa
sp
.
2A
po
go
nid
ae
Ap
og
on
ae
rus
3A
rid
ae
Ari
us m
aca
latu
s
4B
oth
hid
ae
Cro
sso
rho
mb
us a
zare
us
5C
ara
ng
iad
ae
Ale
cri
s in
dic
us
6C
yn
og
lossid
ae
Vyn
og
lossu
s li
ng
ua
7E
leo
trid
ae
O m
arm
ora
ta
8E
ng
rau
lida
eS
etiin
na
tati
9S
telo
ph
ou
sin
dic
us
10
Th
ryssa
mysta
x
11
Ge
rre
ida
eG
ere
s fila
me
nto
asu
s
16
Le
iog
na
thu
s b
ind
us
17
Lu
tja
nid
ae
Lu
tja
nu
s fu
lvifla
mm
a
18
Lu
tja
nu
s jo
hn
i
19
Mo
no
da
cty
lida
eM
on
od
acty
lus fa
lcifo
rmis
20
M d
ussw
nie
ri
21
Mu
rad
ae
ne
ida
eM
ura
en
eso
xe
tne
reu
s
23
Po
lyn
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icu
s
24
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tab
ou
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tab
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rab
ico
lor
25
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ho
ph
gid
ae
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top
ha
gu
sa
rgu
s
26
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nid
sp
.
27
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hin
ep
elu
sta
uvin
a11
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rre
ida
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ere
s fila
me
nto
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s
12
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biid
ae
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ntr
og
ob
lus
sp
.
13
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blid
ae
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rge
niln
ea
tus
14
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go
ce
ph
alid
ae
Sp
ha
cn
oro
lde
slu
na
ris
15
Le
iog
na
thu
se
qu
ulu
s
27
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hin
ep
elu
sta
uvin
a
28
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bra
nch
ida
eM
on
op
teru
sa
lbu
s
29
Syn
od
on
tid
ae
Sa
uri
da
tum
bil
30
Tri
ch
luri
da
eTri
clu
rus
lep
turu
s
Germ
an-I
ndonesia
nS
cie
nce f
or
the P
rote
ction o
f In
donesia
nC
oasta
lM
arine E
cosyste
ms
(SP
ICE
) P
rogra
mm
e
Clu
ster
2 (
Man
gro
ve
Eco
logy)
•Germ
an F
edera
l M
inis
try o
f E
ducation a
nd R
esearc
h•(
BM
BF
) and t
he I
ndonesia
n M
inis
trie
s o
f F
isheries a
nd
•Marine A
ffairs (
DK
P)
and o
f R
esearc
h a
nd T
echnolo
gy
•(R
IST
EK
).
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