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Abnormal Tulang

Jun 02, 2018

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Imam Suleman
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    Gambaran Radiologik :

    Tampak tanda-tanda destruksi

    tulang yang berawal pada meduladan terlihat sebagai daerah yangradiolusen dengan batas yangtidak tegas. Pada stadium yangmasih dini terlihat reaksi periostealyang gambarannya dapat lamelar

    atau seperti garis-garis tegak luruspada tulang (sunray appearance).Dengan membesarnya tumor,selain korteks juga tulangsubperiosteal akan dirusak olehtumor yang meluas keluar tulang.

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    Usia : 15 25 tahun Rata-rata penyakit ini terdiagnosis pada umur 15 tahun.

    Angka kejadian pada anak laki-laki sama dengan anakperempuan.

    Paling sering ditemukan sekitar lutut, yaitu lebih dari50%. Tulang-tulang yang sering terkena adalah femurdistal, tibia proksimal, humerus proksimal dan pelvis.

    Pada tulang panjang tumor biasanya mengenaimetafisis.

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    Proximal fibulaosteochondroma

    Cortical-medullarycontinuity

    Ring and arccalsifications incap

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    ambaran klinis Merupakan tumor jinak tersering kedua (32,5%) dari seluruh

    tumor jinak tulang dan terutama ditemukan pada remaja yangpertumbuhannya aktif dan pada dewasa muda.

    Benjolan yang keras dapat ditemukan pada daerah sekitar lesi.

    Lokasi

    Daerah metafisis tulang panjang khususnya femur distal, tibiaproksimal dan humerus proksimal.

    Juga dapat ditemukan pada tulang scapula dan ilium.

    Tumor bersifat soliter dengan dasar lebar atau kecil sepertitangkai dan bila multipel dikenal sebagai diafisis aklasia(eksosotosis herediter multiple), yang bersifat herediter danditurunkan secara dominan gen mutan.

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    AP X-ray of theknee showing aneccentric wellcircumscribedgeographic andexpansile lesionon the distalmeta-ephyphisealarea of the femur

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    Lateral X-ray ofthe knee showinga lytic lesion,

    notice theexpansible lesionon the anteriorcortex

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    Permeative or motheaten bone

    destruction

    Soft Tissue Mass in90% of of cases

    Periosteal Reaction

    in 50% of cases

    No cartilage orbone production bytumor

    Pathologic fracturein 10-15%

    Reactivesclerosis

    Permeativelesion

    Onion skinperiosteal reaction

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    Plain X-ray (AP View). ABC ofthe Distal Tibia: Geographic

    Well Circumscribed Lesion inthe distal tibia. The corticesare expanded. There areinternal septations. There isno internal mineralization.

    There is no evidence of amalignant appearingperiosteal reaction such as asunburst or hair on endpattern or codmans triangle.

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    Plain X-ray (Lateral

    View): ABC of DistalTibia. Notice how thecortices or bonycontour appearsexpanded. The tumorhas been eroding the

    inner aspect of thecortex of the bone. Inresponse theperiosteum on theoutside lays down newbone which gives the

    bone and expandedcontour.

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    Axial noncontrast computedtomography scan of thebrain of a 60-year-old man

    with a history of acute onsetof left-sided weakness. Twoareas of intracerebralhemorrhage are seen in theright lentiform nucleus, withsurrounding edema andeffacement of the adjacent

    cortical sulci and rightsylvian fissure. Mass effectis present upon the frontalhorn of the right lateralventricle, withintraventricular extension ofthe hemorrhage.

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    CT scan reveals

    subarachnoidhemorrhage inthe right sylvianfissure; no

    evidence ofhydrocephalusis apparent.

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    Noncontrast computedtomography (CT) scan in a52-year-old man with a

    history of worseningright-sided weakness andaphasia demonstratesdiffuse hypodensity andsulcal effacement withmass effect involving theleft anterior and middlecerebral artery territories

    consistent with acuteinfarction. There arescattered curvilinear areasof hyperdensity notedsuggestive of developingpetechial hemorrhage inthis large area ofinfarction.

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    Vascular distributions: Posterior cerebral artery (PCA) infarction. The noncontrastcomputed tomography (CT) images demonstrate PCA distribution infarction involvingthe right occipital and inferomedial temporal lobes. The image on the rightdemonstrates additional involvement of the thalamus, also part of the PCA territory.

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