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3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve
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3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Mar 12, 2019

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Page 1: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

3. Consumer Behavior:

Utility &

Indifference Curve

Page 2: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Consumer Behavior Theory

1. Cardinal Utility

Manfaat atau kenikmatan yang diperoleh konsumen dapat

dinyatakan secara kuantitatif

2. Ordinal Utility

Manfaat atau kenikmatan yang diperoleh konsumen tidak dapat

dikuantitatifkan

Pelajari video

1. Pendekatan Kardinal

2. Pendekatan Ordinal

3. Kendala Anggaran

4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen

Page 3: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

1. Cardinal Utility

Page 4: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Total Utility & Marginal Utility

Page 5: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Total Utility & Marginal Utility

Isilah titik-titik di bawah ini, lalu gambarlah TU & MU

Qx TUx MUx0

….1 10

….2 18

….3 24

….4 28

….5 30

….6 30

….7 28

Page 6: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Pemaksimuman Utility (nilai guna)

Page 7: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Pemaksimuman Utility (nilai guna)

Px = $2, Py = $1, M = $12.

Berapa kombinasi barang X dan Y yang memberikan kepuasan maksimum?

Berapa jumlah util secara keseluruhan?

Jawab:

Kombinasi: 3X & 6Y. Jumlah util = 16+14+12 + 11+10+9+8+7+6 = 93

Page 8: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Paradox Nilai

Mengapa air yang sangat penting bagi keidupan harganya lebih murah dari berlian?

Page 9: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Water-diamond paradox

Page 10: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Consumers’ Surplus

Page 11: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Ordinal Utility

Indifference Curve = Kurva kepuasan sama

Page 12: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Indifference Curve

Page 13: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Indiffference Curve

Gambarlah tiga kurva indifference curve (IC I, IC II dan IC III).

Page 14: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Budget Line

Page 15: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Keseimbangan Konsumen

Page 16: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Indifference Curve

1. Jika harga ice cream sandwiches $3, berapapendapatan Jason?

2. Berapa harga ice cream cones?3. Pada titik mana tercapai utilitas yang paling

tinggi?4. Berapa slope budget line (kemiringan garis

anggaran)?

Slope = ∆Y/ ∆X = -Qy0/Qx0 = -Px/Py

Page 17: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Penurunan Kurva Permintaan

GF’: M = $$6, Py = $1, Px = $2GF : M = $$6, Py = $1, Px = $1GF : M = $$6, Py = $1, Px = $0,6667

Page 18: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Price-Consumption Curve

An individual sets aside a certain amount of his income per month to spend on his two hobbies,

collecting T-shirt and collecting books. Given the information below, illustrate both the price-

consumption curve associated with changes in the price of T-shirt and the demand curve for books.

Page 19: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Kurva Engel

Dari gambar yang Sdr. buat berdasarkan Tabel 2, kemudian bila diketahui Py = Px = 1. Buatlah

budget line jika pendapatan konsumen: M1 = $$6, M2 = $10, dan M3 = $14.

Page 20: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Income-Consumption Curve

An individual consumes two goods, clothing and food. Given the information below,

illustrate both the income-consumption curve and the Engel curve for clothing and food.

Page 21: 3. Consumer Behavior: Utility & Indifference Curve · Pendekatan Kardinal 2. Pendekatan Ordinal 3. Kendala Anggaran 4. Ekuilibrium Konsumen. 1. Cardinal Utility. Total Utility & Marginal

Kurva Engel