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3. cairan tubuh

Jul 06, 2018

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      KOMPARTEMEN CAIRAN INTRASELULER

      - 2/3 dr jumlah total caira tu!uh

      - t"rda#at dalam $% tril&u '"l tu!uh

       KOMPERTEMENCAIRAN EKSTRASELULER

    - S"luruh caira diluar '"l di'"!ut cairaE('tra'"lul"r

    - )/3 dari jmlh total caira tu!uh

    - Pla'ma * dari +olum" E(tra'"lul"r

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    ,arah t"rdiri ata' caira E('tra'"lul"r#la'ma. da caira Itra'"lul"r cairaS,M.

      ,arah '! (om#art"m" & t"r#i'aho(0 ,alam rua t"r'"diri1 +olum"darah #"ti !ai 'ir(ula'i caira

    tu!uh lai&a0

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      Ma'u( mium → 0,8 -1,5L/da&

    ma(a 41% -41$ L/da&

    m"ta!oli' 412% L/da&  Total→ )1%-21% L/da& ~ 8-10"la' air0

      K"luar Uri" 415 -)1% L/da&

    6"c"' 41)2% L/da&P"ra#a'a 7 ("riat

    418-415% L/da&

     Total → 1,5-2,5 L/day

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       Tra'#or caira atar (om#art"m"dila(u(a dlm 9 cara1 &aitu

    )0,i:u'i

    &aitu #"r"ra(a mol"(ul dari(om#art"m" (o'"tra'i tii ("(om#oart"m" (o'"tra'i r"dah

    20 6iltra'i

    &aitu #"r#idaha caira da 'olut dari(om#art"m" t"(aa tii ("(om#art"m" t"(aa r"dah

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    30 O'mo'i'

    &aitu #"r"ra(a caira da 'olut

    dari (o'"tra'i r"dah "c"r.m"uju (o'"tra'i tii #"(at.0

    - O'mo'i' #"ti utu(m"m#"rtaha(a ("'"im!aaItra+a'(ul"r da E('tra+a'(ul"r0

    - ;"'ar&a (o'"tra'i larutadi'"!ut O'molalita'/O'molarita'0

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    90 Tra'#or A(ti: 

    &aitu #"r"ra(a caira dari (o'"tra'ir"dah m"uju (o'"tra'i tii

    m"lalui #ro'"' tra'#or a(ti:01m"m!utuh(a ""ri m"ta!oli(0

    - Pro'"' tra'#or a(ti: #"ti utu(("'"im!aa atrium da (alium dlmcaira tu!uh0

    - Kodi'i ormal Natrium l"!ih tii #dcaira Itra'"l0 ,a (adar Kalium l"!ih

    tii #ada caira E('tra'"l0- ,lm ("adaa ii di#"rlu(a m"(ai'm"tra'#or a(ti: m"lalui Pom#a NatriumKalium Natrium < Kalium Pum#.0

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    GANGGUAN KESEIMBANGAN CAIRAN

    K"'"im!aa caira tu!uh #ada ora '"hatdi#"rtaha(a t"rutama ol"h A,=

    hormo ati diuriti(.

    A,= !"("rja #ada tu!ulu' di'tali' ijal0

    =ormo aldo't"ro jua !"r#"aruh dalamm"m#"rtaha(a ("'"im!aa caira tu!uh0

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    Gangguan keseimbangan,

    terdiri dari

    )0 >aua ?olum"

    20 >aua Ko'"tra'i o'molar

    30 >aua ,i'tri!u'i

    90 >aua Kom#o'i'i→ gauaASAM ;ASA

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    E@0 K"riat  ta#a #""m!alia airda "l"(trolit → terjadidehidrasi

    ekstracellular yg hipertonik→

    akhirnyadehidrasi intracellular yg

    hipertonik.

     (keringat = hipotonik)

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      P"&a(it t"rt"tu → #"um#u(a

    caira di da"rah ttt0

    E@0 A'cit"' caira dalam roa

    #"rut

    Caira #l"ura caira dlm roa#l"ura o"d"ma ttt (r i:"('i

    #"m!uluh +"a0

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    P"i(ata / #"urua (o'"tra'i

    !"!"ra#a "l"(trolit/o "l"(trolit dalamtu!uh0

    "@0 =i#o(al"mia (adar K r"dah

    =i#"r(al"mia (adar K m"i(at

    =i#o#rot"i"mia (adar #rot"i r"dah

    P"i(ata/#"urua (adar ;i(ar!oa' 0K"'"im!aa a'am !a'a

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      Natrium

    &aitu (atio t"r!"'ar & t"rda#at #dcaira E('tra'"lul"r0

    - Kadar ormal )3%- )9% mEB/l0

    - Tada (lii' =i#oatr"mia1 &aitu (ram

    otot1 (ram a!dom"1 aor"('ia1hi#ot"'i #o'tural1 ("ja1 (oma0

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    -  Tada (lii' =i#"ratr"mia1 &aitu'aat hau'1 mu(o'a m"m!ra ("ri

    da (a(u1 lidah m"rah0 Pd (a'u' !"rat di'ori"ta'i1 halu'ia'i0

      Kalium

    m"ru#a(a (atio utama dalam cairaItra'"lul"r0

    - Kadar ormal 31% < %14 mEB/l0

    -Tada (lii' =i#o(al"mia ("l"mahaotot1 (ram a!dom"1aritmia jatu1!i'i u'u' m"uru

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    - Tada (lii' =i#"r(al"miahi#"ra'idita' >I1 diar"1 (o:u'i1

    !radi(ardi0Pd (a'u' !"rat h"ti jatu0  Kal'ium

    Kadar ormal (al'ium 91% < %1% mEB/l0

    - Tada (lii' =i#o(al'"mia !aal da("'"muta #d "(trimita'1 tr"mor0 Pd(a'u' !"rat t"tai hia ("ja0 Tada Trou''"au da Ch+o't"( #o'iti:0

    - Tada (lii' =i#"r(al'"mia &"ri#ia1 l"mah otot1 (o'ti#a'i1#oliuria0 Pd (a'u' !"rat h"ti jatu0

    M i

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      Ma"'ium

    #"ti dlm a(ti+ita'"uromo'(ular0Kadar ma"'ium

    !"r#"aruh thd (adar (alium dlmcaira Itra'"lul"r0

    - Kadar ormal ma"'ium )1% < 21%

    mEB/l0+a- tada (lii' =i#oma"'"mia tr"mor1ta(i(ardia1 +"rtio1 hi#"rt"'i1 tada

     Trou''"au da Ch+o't"( j #o'iti:0

    - Tada (lii' =i#"rma"'"mia+a'odilata'i #"ri:"r1 hi#o+"tila'i1mualmutah1 !radi(ardia0

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      Klorida

    &aitu aio t"r!"'ar dlm caira

    "('tra'"lul"r1 di Itra'"lular 'aat'"di(it0

    - Kadar ormal % < )4% mEB/I0-=i#o(lor"mia da hi#"r(lor"mia t"rjadia(i!at 0 K"'"im!aa Natrium0

      6o':at

    Aio :o':at dit"mu(a dlm caira"('tra'"lul"r da itra'"lul"r

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     - Kadar ormal atara )1 < 218 mEB/l0

    - 6o':at #"ti utu( #"m!"tu(atula da ii

    -  Tada (lii' =i#o:o':at"mia (odi'i

    a(ut(o:u'i1 ("ja1 (oma1 &"ri otot1tada Ch+o't"(0 Kodi'i (roi' hilam"mori1 &"ri tula da (a(u '"dihia aal a:a'0

    - Tada (lii' =i#"r:o':at"mia T"tai1Para't"'ia 'ir(um oral1 hi#"rr"D"('ia1ta(i(ardia0

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      #= caira tu!uh ormal $13%-$19% .

      P"atura a'am 7 !a'a dila(u(a ol"h

    )0 Si't"m #"&aa  ;i(ar!oa'/a'am car!oat'i't0!u"r.  Pho'#hat/ = #ho'#hat

     Prot"i/ = #rot"i  ="molo!i/= h"molo!i

    K"rja SP c"#at m"it F jam.0

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    20 Si't"m #"ra#a'a

    › M"atur #"m!uaa a' C42 m"lalui

    #aru20› =i#"r+"tila'i C42 ↑ ---- a#a' c"#at.

    › =o+"tila'i C42 G ---- a#a' lam!at.

    K"rja St0 #"ra#a'a dlm !!r# jam F hari

    30>ijal

    m"atur r"a!'or!'i !i(ar!oa' da "@cr"'i

    Io =idro"0 K"rja ijal l!h lam!at

    hariHmiu.0

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      Acido'i' #= tu!uh ↓  Al(alo'i' #= tu!uh ↑

      Respiratoric Acidosis/Alkalosis : gg.Fungsi pernafasan.

      Metabolic Acidosis/Alkalosis :gg.bukandari fungsi pernafasan

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      P"m!ila =CO3  : merupakan bagian¯

    dari METABOLIK (Non Respiratorik)→

    perubahan=CO3  bukan dari pernapasan¯

      P"&"!ut PCO2 m"ru#a(a !aia

    dari RESPIRATORIK → perb.PCO2 dari#"ra#a'a

    ,"a m""tahui ilai #=1 =CO3 ̄dan PCO2 dpt diketahui jenis gg. Asam

    Basa

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    HARGA NORMAL ASAM-

    BASA  #= ormal $13%- $19%

      PCO2 ormal 94 mm=

    PCO2 94 Al(alo'i'R"'#iratori(

    PCO2 J 94 Acido'i'R"'#iratori(

      =CO3 ormal 29 mE /L

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